本文選題：高技術(shù)礦產(chǎn)　切入點(diǎn)：城市礦產(chǎn)　出處：《中國(guó)人口·資源與環(huán)境》2017年07期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：城市礦產(chǎn)中蘊(yùn)含大量的高技術(shù)礦產(chǎn),它們是戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵原材料。本文從中國(guó)國(guó)情出發(fā),界定了涵蓋新能源技術(shù)、通訊設(shè)備、交通工具、電池、電器電子產(chǎn)品等5大類共計(jì)27種高技術(shù)城市礦產(chǎn),從資源、技術(shù)、環(huán)境三個(gè)維度設(shè)計(jì)了11項(xiàng)指標(biāo),對(duì)高技術(shù)城市礦產(chǎn)進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)略性篩選;并通過(guò)半定量化不確定性分析方法確定研究結(jié)果的可靠性。結(jié)果顯示:(1)從資源-技術(shù)兩維度看,電器電子產(chǎn)品用電池資源指數(shù)高,且技術(shù)相對(duì)成熟;動(dòng)力汽車(chē)電池資源指數(shù)值略低,但未來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)潛力大。(2)從資源-環(huán)境兩維度看,電池是拆解處置重點(diǎn)。(3)從資源-技術(shù)-環(huán)境三維度來(lái)看,高技術(shù)城市礦產(chǎn)可以分為四個(gè)梯隊(duì):高資源指數(shù)、高技術(shù)指數(shù)、高環(huán)境指數(shù)的"三高"梯隊(duì),包括EEE用鎳氫電池、EEE用鎳鎘電池、EEE用鋰離子電池;中高資源指數(shù)、中高技術(shù)指數(shù)、中高環(huán)境指數(shù)的"三中高"梯隊(duì),包括手機(jī)和動(dòng)力汽車(chē)電池;低資源指數(shù)、低技術(shù)指數(shù)、中高環(huán)境指數(shù)的"二低一中高"梯隊(duì),包括風(fēng)渦輪機(jī)、熒光燈、動(dòng)力汽車(chē)永磁電機(jī)和電話機(jī);資源指數(shù)、技術(shù)指數(shù)、環(huán)境指數(shù)都相對(duì)較低的"三低"梯隊(duì),包括電器電子產(chǎn)品和光伏電板。此外,隨著時(shí)間的推移,篩選結(jié)果會(huì)發(fā)生動(dòng)態(tài)變化,因此高技術(shù)城市礦產(chǎn)的戰(zhàn)略性篩選是一個(gè)持續(xù)動(dòng)態(tài)的評(píng)估過(guò)程,需要建立與之相適應(yīng)的"開(kāi)發(fā)一批、儲(chǔ)備一批、謀劃一批"的動(dòng)態(tài)管理系統(tǒng)。基于研究結(jié)論,本文從高技術(shù)城市礦產(chǎn)的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)建立、重點(diǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)目錄制定與調(diào)整、在線回收與交易平臺(tái)構(gòu)建、拆解技術(shù)儲(chǔ)備以及可持續(xù)供應(yīng)體系建立等方面提出了建議。
[Abstract]:Urban minerals contain a large number of high-tech minerals, which are the key raw materials for the development of strategic emerging industries. Based on China's national conditions, this paper defines new energy technologies, communications equipment, transportation vehicles, batteries, There are 27 kinds of high-tech city minerals in 5 categories, such as electrical and electronic products. Eleven indexes are designed from the three dimensions of resources, technology and environment, and strategic screening is carried out on the mineral resources of high-tech cities. The reliability of the research results is determined by semi-quantitative uncertainty analysis. The results show that the resource index of battery for electrical and electronic products is high and the technology is relatively mature from the perspective of resource-technology. Power vehicle battery resource index is slightly lower, but the future development potential is great. 2) from the perspective of resource-environment two dimensions, battery is the key point of disassembly and disposal. High-tech city minerals can be divided into four echelons: high resource index, high technology index, high environmental index, including nickel hydrogen battery for EEE, nickel cadmium battery for EEE, nickel cadmium battery for EEE, medium and high resource index, medium and high technology index. The "three high" echelons of the medium-high environmental index, including mobile phones and powered car batteries; the low-resource index, the low-technology index, and the "second, middle, middle, high" echelons of the medium-high environmental index, including wind turbines, fluorescent lamps, Permanent magnet motors and telephones for power vehicles; "three low" echelons with relatively low resource indices, technical indices, and environmental indices, including electrical and electronic products and photovoltaic panels. In addition, screening results change dynamically over time. Therefore, the strategic screening of mineral resources in high-tech cities is a continuous and dynamic evaluation process, and it is necessary to set up a dynamic management system, which is suitable for the process of "developing a batch, storing a lot, planning a lot", based on the conclusions of the research. In this paper, some suggestions are put forward from the following aspects: the establishment of the basic database of mineral resources in high-tech cities, the establishment and adjustment of key development catalogues, the construction of online recovery and trading platforms, the dismantling of technical reserves and the establishment of sustainable supply systems.
【作者單位】： 中南大學(xué)商學(xué)院;中南大學(xué)金屬資源戰(zhàn)略研究院;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金重大項(xiàng)目“基于國(guó)家金屬資源安全視角的城市礦產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)利用研究”(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):14ZDB136);國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“我國(guó)工業(yè)化中后期稀有金屬資源安全態(tài)勢(shì)與供給保障機(jī)制研究”(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):13BGL105);國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈視域下我國(guó)‘城市礦產(chǎn)’產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展研究”(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):13CJY029) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目“經(jīng)濟(jì)新常態(tài)下的國(guó)家金屬資源安全管理及其政策研究”(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):71633006)
【分類號(hào)】：F416.1

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