發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-10 16:07

  本文選題：激光　切入點(diǎn)：數(shù)值模擬　出處：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：激光起爆是一種新型的起爆技術(shù)。含能材料的激光起爆技術(shù),在工程、科研、軍事、醫(yī)療等領(lǐng)域都有著重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值和廣闊的發(fā)展前景。激光起爆具有安全性、可靠性、精確性等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。激光與含能材料的相互作用效應(yīng)是激光火工品研發(fā)的基礎(chǔ)與核心,已有學(xué)者在此方面進(jìn)行大量的研究工作。 激光對(duì)含能材料的點(diǎn)火起爆可以通過(guò)理論、實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值的方法進(jìn)行研究。用理論方法研究激光作用含能材料的溫度場(chǎng),受限于求解區(qū)域的不規(guī)則幾何形狀、材料的各向異性及各項(xiàng)物理量參數(shù)的變化等因素。也無(wú)法通過(guò)精密物理實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)得炸藥等含能材料內(nèi)部溫度場(chǎng)情況。因此,激光起爆的數(shù)值模擬研究在精密火工品設(shè)計(jì)中顯得尤為關(guān)鍵。數(shù)值計(jì)算結(jié)果成為炸藥溫度場(chǎng)最全面可信的依據(jù)。國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者已經(jīng)針對(duì)激光起爆的數(shù)值計(jì)算進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究,發(fā)表了大量的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)。 本文主要針對(duì)激光起爆的各影響因素展開(kāi)數(shù)值模擬研究。 主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： (a)建立二維Fourier熱傳導(dǎo)模型,用古典顯式差分格式對(duì)二維模型進(jìn)行數(shù)值計(jì)算； (b)使用C80微量熱儀測(cè)定PETN炸藥的比熱隨溫度變化情況,并將其作為變參數(shù)代入數(shù)值模型中進(jìn)行計(jì)算； (c)在二維Fourier熱傳導(dǎo)模型中加入激光光強(qiáng)分布、激光脈沖寬度、激光脈沖波形、炸藥化學(xué)反應(yīng)熱、炸藥活化能、炸藥中的摻雜物等因素,并將炸藥變比熱函數(shù)離散化代入模型中,計(jì)算分析對(duì)激光點(diǎn)火的影響。； (d)對(duì)三維Fourier熱傳導(dǎo)模型的算法進(jìn)行了推導(dǎo)； (e)在展望中對(duì)激光點(diǎn)火技術(shù)提出新的思路。設(shè)想通過(guò)在炸藥中放置點(diǎn)火聚焦微型藥包,并在藥包外部涂覆高彈性模量、低密度、低導(dǎo)熱率的包裹物質(zhì)。減少能量的波導(dǎo)損失和點(diǎn)火過(guò)程散失,有效降低起爆能量閾值。 得出對(duì)激光點(diǎn)火有顯著影響的因素有：激光強(qiáng)度、激光光束半徑、炸藥中的摻雜物、炸藥比熱。得出激光強(qiáng)度越強(qiáng)、光束半徑越小,脈沖寬度越寬,波形越接近矩形,炸藥中摻雜物的吸光系數(shù)越大,比熱越低,將越有利于激光對(duì)炸藥的點(diǎn)火起爆的結(jié)論
[Abstract]:Laser initiation is a new type of initiation technology. Laser initiation of energetic materials has important application value and broad development prospect in engineering, scientific research, military, medical and other fields. The interaction effect between laser and energetic materials is the basis and core of laser pyrotechnics research and development. Many scholars have done a lot of research in this field. The ignition and detonation of energetic materials by laser can be studied by theoretical, experimental and numerical methods. The temperature field of energetic materials acting on laser is studied by theoretical method, which is limited to the irregular geometry of the solution region. The anisotropy of materials and the variation of physical parameters can not be used to measure the internal temperature field of energetic materials such as explosives through precise physical experiments. The numerical simulation of laser detonation is particularly important in the design of precision detonators. The numerical results become the most comprehensive and reliable basis for the temperature field of explosives. The domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a detailed study on the numerical calculation of laser initiation. A large number of related documents have been published. This paper focuses on the numerical simulation of the factors affecting laser detonation. The main contents of the study are as follows:. The 2-D Fourier heat conduction model is established and the classical explicit difference scheme is used to numerically calculate the two-dimensional model. The specific heat of PETN explosive is measured by C80 microcalorimeter and calculated as a variable parameter in the numerical model. The laser intensity distribution, laser pulse width, laser pulse waveform, explosive chemical reaction heat, explosive activation energy and doping in explosives are added to the two-dimensional Fourier heat conduction model, and the specific heat function of explosives is discretized into the model. Calculating and analyzing the influence of laser ignition. The algorithm of 3D Fourier heat conduction model is deduced. A new idea for laser igniting technology is put forward in this paper. It is envisaged that the charge can be coated with high modulus of elasticity and low density by setting fire in the explosive, focusing on the micro charge and coating it with high elastic modulus, low density, low density, high elastic modulus, low density, high elastic modulus and low density. The energy loss of waveguide and the loss of ignition process are reduced, and the threshold of initiation energy is reduced effectively. The factors that have significant influence on laser ignition are: laser intensity, laser beam radius, dopant in explosive, specific heat of explosive. It is concluded that the stronger the laser intensity, the smaller the beam radius, the wider the pulse width, and the closer the waveform is to the rectangle. The higher the absorbency coefficient and the lower the specific heat of explosives, the more favorable the conclusion is that the laser ignites the explosive.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD235.4

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