本文選題：環(huán)境工程學　切入點：坡面形態(tài)　出處：《安全與環(huán)境學報》2016年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：針對井下采煤產生的大范圍巖移必然最終改變原有地表形態(tài)并影響坡面侵蝕特征及規(guī)律這一特殊性,從井下與地表相結合的新視角,結合彬長礦區(qū)水土流失特征和典型煤礦采礦條件,以采厚、地表坡面坡度等因素為變量,構建了20個不同類型的數值模型,通過數值模擬方法研究并揭示井下采煤對地表坡面形態(tài)及侵蝕的影響規(guī)律。結果表明,第一,地表坡面坡度會隨采厚增加而呈現增大的趨勢,且自然坡度越大,坡度變化量越大;相同采厚條件下,坡度增大率與坡面自然坡度整體上呈負相關。第二,地表坡面坡長會隨采厚增加而呈現減小的趨勢,且自然坡度越小,坡長變化量越大;隨采厚增加,地表坡面坡長減小率與自然坡度呈先正相關后負相關的關系,自然坡度為26.57°是拐點。第三,采厚的增加會提高地表坡面產流產沙的強度,加劇坡面侵蝕,這種效應在坡度較小的坡面更加顯著;井下采煤引起地表坡面坡度的增大是產生這一規(guī)律的主因。
[Abstract]:In view of the particularity that the large-scale rock movement produced by underground coal mining will eventually change the original surface shape and influence the erosion characteristics and laws of slope surface, a new angle of view combining downhole and surface is presented. Based on the characteristics of soil and water loss in Binchang mining area and the mining conditions of typical coal mines, 20 different types of numerical models are constructed by taking the factors such as mining thickness and slope of surface slope as variables. The influence of underground coal mining on surface slope morphology and erosion is studied and revealed by numerical simulation method. The results show that, first, the slope will increase with the increase of mining thickness, and the natural slope will increase. Under the same mining thickness, the increase rate of slope has negative correlation with the natural slope. Second, the slope length of surface slope will decrease with the increase of mining thickness, and the smaller the natural slope, the greater the change of slope length. With the increase of mining thickness, the decrease rate of slope length is positively correlated and then negatively correlated with the natural slope, and the natural slope is 26.57 擄as the inflection point. Thirdly, the increase of mining thickness will increase the intensity of runoff and sediment yield on the surface of the slope and increase the erosion of the slope. This effect is more obvious on the slope with lower slope, and the increase of slope caused by underground coal mining is the main cause of this rule.
【作者單位】： 西安科技大學地質與環(huán)境學院;陜西省水利廳;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(41402308) 陜西省教育廳科研計劃項目(14JK1466) 陜西省水利廳水利科技項目(2015slkj-01) 西安科技大學博士啟動費項目(2014QDJ006);西安科技大學培育基金項目(201308)
【分類號】：TD823

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