本文選題：礦用挖掘機　切入點：鏟斗-斗桿機構(gòu)　出處：《太原理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：我國的煤炭資源儲量豐富，采煤技術(shù)水平的高低直接影響到煤礦的生產(chǎn)能力。面對大量不斷投入生產(chǎn)的露天煤礦，挖掘機大型化的趨勢已經(jīng)不可逆轉(zhuǎn)，機械式挖掘機技術(shù)的發(fā)展成為廣大客戶的迫切需求。機械式挖掘機性能的好壞直接影響到了企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟效益和勞動生產(chǎn)率，其中工作裝置的性能會直接影響到整機的性能。而鏟斗-斗桿機構(gòu)是工作裝置中的主要承載件，工作裝置效率的高低受到其性能優(yōu)劣的限制。目前，國內(nèi)研究者對大型挖掘機鏟斗-斗桿機構(gòu)的應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律了解的還不夠透徹，所運用的工程計算方法也還不夠完善。工作裝置結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性導致了產(chǎn)品需要進行不斷的重復(fù)設(shè)計，傳統(tǒng)模式的設(shè)計方法需要花費大量的時間和精力，還容易出錯，運用這種方法進行設(shè)計會大大增加成本，延長設(shè)計周期，，很難適應(yīng)現(xiàn)在多元化的市場要求，所以急需找到一種快速有效的方法來滿足產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)生產(chǎn)。 本文主要針對WK-75大型礦用挖掘機工作裝置的主要部件進行了研究，運用UG軟件建立了其主要部件的參數(shù)化模型，并在模型簡化的基礎(chǔ)上，利用workbench平臺對其進行了初步的有限元分析。 首先，要對主要部件的結(jié)構(gòu)進行全面清楚的了解，將一個復(fù)雜的裝配體分解為幾個相對簡單的部分進行設(shè)計，這部分的設(shè)計為實體的框架設(shè)計，忽略了模型的細節(jié)部分，分析出各部分的框架控制參數(shù)和主要關(guān)聯(lián)參數(shù)，確定了控制基準，實現(xiàn)了模型總體幾何形態(tài)通過總控參數(shù)進行控制這一功能。當總控參數(shù)發(fā)生變化后，各部分中的零部件尺寸按照一定的函數(shù)關(guān)系也隨之變化，大大減少了再設(shè)計所花費的時間和精力。運用UG自帶的PTS功能模塊設(shè)計人機交互式對話窗口，實現(xiàn)簡潔快速的數(shù)據(jù)輸入。 其次，建立成品設(shè)計層。利用UG自帶模塊WAVE中的幾何鏈接器，將主體設(shè)計層中的參數(shù)化模型鏈接到成品設(shè)計層中，并對其進行坡口、倒角等細節(jié)操作，生成各組件及主要零部件的工程圖。建立產(chǎn)品分析層，鏈接主體層中的裝配體，并對其進行適當簡化。 最后，以x_t格式導出簡化模型，并將該模型導入workbench軟件中，進行初步的有限元分析。分析結(jié)果表明，正常工作時，鏟斗-斗桿裝配機構(gòu)所受應(yīng)力較小，完全能夠滿足用戶對產(chǎn)品可靠性的要求。 本文通過開發(fā)WK-75型挖掘機主要工作部件的參數(shù)化模型，減少了設(shè)計者的工作量，節(jié)省了設(shè)計時間和精力，提高了研發(fā)效率。同時，考慮到工作裝置在實際工作中的重要性及易損性，本文對工作裝置的主要部件進行了有限元分析，并將其與實際的工作狀況相比較，證實了分析結(jié)果具有較高的可信度。
[Abstract]:China is rich in coal resources, the level of coal mining technology directly affects the production capacity of coal mines. In the face of a large number of open pit coal mines, the trend of large-scale excavators has become irreversible. The development of mechanical excavator technology has become an urgent demand of customers. The performance of mechanical excavator directly affects the economic benefits and labor productivity of enterprises. The performance of the working device will directly affect the performance of the whole machine, and the bucket-bucket rod mechanism is the main load-bearing part in the working device, and the efficiency of the working device is limited by its performance. At present, Domestic researchers do not have a thorough understanding of the stress distribution law of the bucket-bucket bar mechanism of large excavators. The complexity of the structure of the working device leads to the continuous repeated design of the product. The traditional design method requires a lot of time and effort, and it is easy to make mistakes. Using this method to design will greatly increase the cost, prolong the design cycle, it is difficult to adapt to the current diversified market requirements, so there is an urgent need to find a rapid and effective method to meet the product development and production. In this paper, the main parts of the working device of WK-75 large excavator are studied. The parametric model of the main parts of the excavator is established by UG software, and the model is simplified. The finite element analysis is carried out on workbench platform. First of all, it is necessary to have a complete and clear understanding of the structure of the main components, and to decompose a complex assembly into several relatively simple parts, which are designed for the framework of the entity, ignoring the details of the model. The frame control parameters and main related parameters of each part are analyzed, the control datum is determined, and the control function of the total geometry of the model is realized through the master control parameter. When the master control parameter changes, The size of parts in each part changes according to a certain function relationship, which greatly reduces the time and energy spent in redesign. The man-machine interactive dialogue window is designed by using the PTS function module of UG. Implement simple and fast data input. Secondly, the finished product design layer is established. The parametric model in the main design layer is linked to the finished product design layer by using the geometric linker in UG module WAVE, and the groove, chamfer and other details are operated. Generate the engineering drawings of each component and main parts. Establish the product analysis layer, link the assembly in the main layer, and simplify it appropriately. Finally, the simplified model is derived in XT format, and the model is imported into workbench software for preliminary finite element analysis. The results show that the stress of bucket bucket bar assembly mechanism is small when it works normally. Fully able to meet the customer's requirements for product reliability. In this paper, the parameterized model of the main working parts of WK-75 excavator is developed, which reduces the workload of the designer, saves the design time and energy, and improves the R & D efficiency. Considering the importance and vulnerability of the working device in practical work, this paper makes a finite element analysis of the main components of the working device, and compares it with the actual working condition, which proves that the analysis result has a high reliability.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD422.2

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