本文關鍵詞： 臺階爆破 異位孔 裝藥量 數(shù)值模擬 爆炸應力場　出處：《遼寧工程技術大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在露天礦穿爆作業(yè)過程中,由于穿孔作業(yè)面比較復雜導致穿孔作業(yè)不規(guī)律,進而導致后續(xù)爆破作業(yè)效果不理想。這種情況是露天礦穿爆作業(yè)過程中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的狀況,嚴重影響著露天礦生產(chǎn)效率和經(jīng)濟效益,因此很有必要對異位孔爆破進行深入研究。針對露天礦穿爆作業(yè)過程中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)異位孔現(xiàn)象,首次提出了異位孔的概念,分析了產(chǎn)生異位孔的原因,運用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬和數(shù)學擬合相結(jié)合的方法,對露天礦異位孔爆破進行了深入的研究。通過巖石破碎機理以及爆炸應力波理論分析了炸藥爆炸后在巖體內(nèi)的爆破應力場有效應力分布狀態(tài)。借助于有限元軟件ANSYS/LS-DYNA對三排,5個孔進行數(shù)值模擬,得到了各炮孔爆炸應力場相互作用的有效應力分布狀態(tài)和巖石最不易破碎點的抗拉強度2.5MPa。在已建立的設計孔模型基礎上,模擬中間孔發(fā)生異位0°、22.5°、45°偏移20cm、60cm、100cm、140cm、180cm時與周邊孔爆炸后的有效應力分布狀態(tài)。利用最小二乘法線性擬合的數(shù)學方法將數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果進行擬合,得到異位孔0°、22.5°、45°偏移20-180cm時與周邊孔裝藥量的匹配關系公式。為露天礦穿爆生產(chǎn)成本控制以及工程爆破方面,具有重要的理論和指導意義。
[Abstract]:During the blasting operation of opencast mine, the perforation operation is irregular due to the complexity of the perforation operation surface, and the result of subsequent blasting operation is not ideal, which is a situation that often occurs in the process of opencast mine blasting operation. The production efficiency and economic benefit of opencast mine are seriously affected, so it is necessary to study the ectopic hole blasting deeply. The concept of ectopic hole is put forward for the first time in allusion to the phenomenon of ectopic hole often appearing in the process of opencast mine blasting. The causes of ectopic holes are analyzed, and the method of combining theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and mathematical fitting is used. The ectopic hole blasting in opencast mine is studied in depth. The effective stress distribution of blasting stress field after explosive explosion is analyzed by means of rock breaking mechanism and explosive stress wave theory. The finite element software is used to analyze the effective stress distribution. ANSYS/LS-DYNA numerically simulates three rows and five holes, The effective stress distribution and the tensile strength of the most difficult breakage point of rock are obtained. Based on the established design hole model, the effective stress distribution state of the interaction between the blast stress fields of each hole and the tensile strength of the rock at the most difficult breakage point are obtained. The effective stress distribution of an ectopic 0 擄(22.5 擄) 45 擄offset 20 cm ~ (10) / 100 cm ~ (10) cm ~ (-1) ~ 100 cm ~ (10) cm ~ (-1) and the effective stress distribution after the explosion of a peripheral hole is simulated. The numerical simulation results are fitted by the least square linear fitting mathematical method. The formula of matching between the offset of 0 擄and 22.5 擄45 擄and the charge quantity of peripheral hole is obtained, which is of great theoretical and guiding significance for the cost control of piercing and blasting in opencast mine and the engineering blasting.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD235

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