本文關鍵詞： 防凍液噴灑裝置 結(jié)構(gòu)設計 虛擬樣機 模態(tài)分析 物理樣機　出處：《太原理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：煤炭開采過程的噴水降塵，深加工過程的水洗選礦以及在儲存和運輸過程的噴水降塵降溫都要消耗大量的水，然而，在其脫水過程中并非100%的水都可以被去除，煤炭中常常含有約5%~15%的水分。這樣，鐵路運輸部門在冬季運輸中，煤炭常常會與列車車廂內(nèi)壁粘結(jié)。對列車車廂內(nèi)壁及含水煤中噴灑防凍液是目前普遍使用的一種處理方法。 傳統(tǒng)的防凍液噴灑裝置雖然能滿足使用需求，但其在人力、物力和財力上花費較大、噴灑效果難以控制而且還會造成防凍液的浪費及環(huán)境的污染，一定程度難以滿足生產(chǎn)需求。因此，研究和開發(fā)適應性強、自動化程度高、性能可靠而噴灑量又能滿足鐵路運輸部門要求的防凍液噴灑系統(tǒng)，是煤運行業(yè)的現(xiàn)實需求，對于提高煤炭運輸效率、減少能源浪費、降低環(huán)境污染具有重要意義。 為解決上述問題，本文設計了一種能夠垂直升降、水平旋轉(zhuǎn)兼防滴漏式的多功能防凍液噴灑裝置。為縮短研究周期、降低試驗成本，本文采用理論分析、實體建模、虛擬樣機分析、樣機制造和試驗、工程應用的研究流程。主要研究內(nèi)容和成果如下： （1）通過現(xiàn)場調(diào)研和分析現(xiàn)有防凍液噴灑裝置，設計了一種新型防凍液噴灑裝置，并申報了國家發(fā)明專利。 （2）對噴灑裝置結(jié)構(gòu)及動力選型匹配進行理論分析計算，用Pro/E軟件建立了虛擬樣機模型，檢驗了裝配干涉性。 （3）應用ANSYS軟件對防凍液噴灑裝置主要零部件進行靜力學分析，對噴灑裝置進行模態(tài)分析并分析了電機、減速機的旋轉(zhuǎn)和外界的激勵（列車經(jīng)過時產(chǎn)生的振動）對系統(tǒng)振動特性的影響。結(jié)論表明，，噴灑裝置的關鍵零部件強度和剛度滿足使用要求，裝置的模態(tài)特性良好。 （4）根據(jù)靜力學及模態(tài)分析結(jié)果，提出了優(yōu)化改進方案并進行分析。結(jié)果表明，改變支撐立柱和導軌的壁厚后整體裝置的模態(tài)效果更好。 （5）制造了物理樣機并進行現(xiàn)場試驗�，F(xiàn)場試驗結(jié)果表明，本裝置噴灑覆蓋率良好，運行參數(shù)滿足設計技術(shù)指標，而且防凍液噴灑量滿足鐵路部門的有關規(guī)定。
[Abstract]:Water and dust spray during coal mining, washing and dressing in deep processing, and water spraying in storage and transportation all consume a lot of water. However, not 100% of the water can be removed in the process of dehydration. Coal often contains about 5% of moisture. In winter transportation, coal is often bound to the inner wall of train compartment. Spraying antifreeze on the inner wall of train compartment and water-bearing coal is a widely used treatment method at present. Although the traditional antifreeze spraying device can meet the needs of application, it spends a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, the spraying effect is difficult to control, and it will cause waste of antifreeze and pollution of the environment. Therefore, the research and development of antifreeze spraying system with strong adaptability, high degree of automation, reliable performance and quantity of spraying can meet the requirements of railway transportation department, which is the actual demand of coal transportation industry. It is of great significance to improve the efficiency of coal transportation, reduce energy waste and reduce environmental pollution. In order to solve the above problems, a kind of multi-function antifreeze spraying device with vertical lifting, horizontal rotation and anti-drip is designed in this paper. In order to shorten the research period and reduce the test cost, theoretical analysis and solid modeling are used in this paper. The research flow of virtual prototype analysis, prototype manufacturing and testing, and engineering application. The main research contents and results are as follows:. 1) through field investigation and analysis, a new type of antifreeze spraying device is designed, and the patent of national invention is declared. (2) theoretical analysis and calculation of the structure and power selection matching of the spraying device are carried out. The virtual prototype model is established by using Pro/E software, and the assembly interference is tested. ANSYS software is used to analyze the main parts and components of the antifreeze spraying device, and the modal analysis of the spraying device and the analysis of the motor are carried out. The effect of speed reducer rotation and external excitation (vibration caused by train passing) on the vibration characteristics of the system. The conclusion shows that the strength and stiffness of the key parts of the sprinkler meet the requirements of application, and the modal characteristics of the device are good. 4) according to the results of static and modal analysis, the optimized improvement scheme is put forward and analyzed. The results show that the modal effect of the whole device after changing the wall thickness of supporting column and guide rail is better. The field test results show that the spraying coverage of the device is good, the operation parameters meet the design technical specifications, and the amount of antifreeze spraying meets the relevant regulations of the railway department.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD50

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