本文關(guān)鍵詞： 軟底 超前支護(hù)段 超前支架 底板比壓 數(shù)值模擬　出處：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：針對目前沿空巷道軟弱底板超前支架易出現(xiàn)鉆底和移架困難、巷道圍巖變形量大、錨桿彈出及折斷等問題,以水簾洞煤礦特厚煤層采場超前支架穩(wěn)定性控制為工程背景,開展了ZF3802沿空巷道超前支護(hù)段圍巖穩(wěn)定性控制研究。本文在詳細(xì)分析前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬與工程實(shí)踐相結(jié)合的方法,研究了底煤厚度對超前支架穩(wěn)定性的影響,而超前支架的穩(wěn)定性直接影響超前支護(hù)段的穩(wěn)定性,因此,底煤厚度間接影響了巷道超前支護(hù)段圍巖穩(wěn)定性。 基于礦壓理論,詳細(xì)研究了頂板運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,并對動(dòng)壓進(jìn)行分析；通過建立“支架—圍巖”結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)模型,分別計(jì)算出一般情況下和最危險(xiǎn)情況即老頂切落條件下超前支架壓力,最終得出超前支架合理支護(hù)強(qiáng)度應(yīng)不小于0.73MPa而不大于0.93MPa。 通過理論分析、現(xiàn)場測試等研究方法,得出了底煤厚度與底板比壓之間的規(guī)律,整體呈“S”型曲線分布；通過分析超前支架底座的結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)特點(diǎn),得出了超前支架底座比壓分布特性,呈梯形或三角形分布,計(jì)算得出底座接觸比壓最大值為6.81MPa,基于支架不發(fā)生鉆底的條件,得出理論上應(yīng)該留設(shè)的底煤厚度為2.2m。 運(yùn)用FLAC3D軟件研究底煤厚度分別為0.5m、1.0m....3.5m時(shí),得出距離ZF3802工作面不同位置的應(yīng)力云圖及頂板受力曲線。通過對比分析距離工作面前方和后方30m范圍內(nèi)頂板垂直應(yīng)力圖得知,底煤厚度大于等于2.5m時(shí),巷道圍巖整體受力較小,支承壓力峰值距離沿空巷道較遠(yuǎn),最利于巷道超前支護(hù)段圍巖穩(wěn)定。 通過理論研究及現(xiàn)場實(shí)踐,總結(jié)了一套巷道內(nèi)回收底煤的工藝。該工藝在水簾洞煤礦成功實(shí)施,不僅可以增加巷道凈高,而且能夠提高煤炭回采率。工程實(shí)踐表明,巷道底煤厚度小于2.5m時(shí),巷道頂?shù)装逡平亢蛢蓭妥冃瘟枯^大,超前支架發(fā)生多次鉆底嚴(yán)重的情況,無法順利移架,嚴(yán)重影響了工作面的正常推采,且不利于超前護(hù)段圍巖穩(wěn)定；巷道底煤厚度大于等于2.5m時(shí),頂?shù)装逡平�、兩幫變形量及超前支架前后端鉆底量較小,且超前支架承載穩(wěn)定,能夠順利移架,利于圍巖穩(wěn)定。綜上所述,通過理論計(jì)算得出的留設(shè)底煤厚度應(yīng)不小于2.2m,結(jié)合現(xiàn)場工程應(yīng)用情況,最終確定最佳留設(shè)底煤厚度為2.5m。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the problems such as the difficulty of drilling bottom and moving frame, the large deformation of surrounding rock, the bolt ejection and breaking, etc, the leading support of weak floor plate in goaf roadway is easy to appear at present. The background of the project is the stability control of the stope leading support in the very thick coal seam of Shuishendong coal mine. The stability control of surrounding rock in advance support section of ZF3802 goaf roadway is studied. Based on the detailed analysis of previous research results, the method of combining theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and engineering practice is used in this paper. The influence of bottom coal thickness on the stability of advance support is studied, and the stability of leading support is directly affected by the stability of leading support. Therefore, the thickness of bottom coal indirectly affects the stability of surrounding rock in advance support of roadway. Based on the theory of rock pressure, the law of roof motion is studied in detail, and the dynamic pressure is analyzed. By establishing the structural mechanics model of "brace-surrounding rock", the leading support pressure is calculated under the general and the most dangerous conditions, that is, the cutting and falling condition of the main roof. Finally, it is concluded that the reasonable support strength of leading support should not be less than 0.73 MPA but not greater than 0.93MPa. Through theoretical analysis, field test and other research methods, the law between the thickness of bottom coal and the specific pressure of floor is obtained, and the whole distribution of the curve is "S". By analyzing the structural mechanical characteristics of the lead support base, the specific pressure distribution characteristics of the lead support base are obtained, which are trapezoid or triangular distribution, and the maximum contact specific pressure of the base is 6.81 MPA. Based on the condition that the support does not drill bottom, the thickness of bottom coal that should be set up theoretically is 2.2 m. The FLAC3D software was used to study the thickness of bottom coal when the thickness of coal was 0.5 m, 1.0m...3.5m, respectively. The stress cloud map and roof stress curve of different positions from ZF3802 face are obtained, and the vertical stress diagram of roof in 30m range from the front and rear of the face is obtained by comparing and analyzing the stress curve of roof. When the thickness of bottom coal is more than 2.5 m, the overall stress of surrounding rock of roadway is small, and the peak value of supporting pressure is far away from the goaf roadway, which is most favorable to the stability of surrounding rock in advance support section of roadway. Through theoretical research and field practice, this paper summarizes a set of technology of recovering bottom coal in roadway, which has been successfully implemented in Shuishendong coal mine, and can not only increase the net height of roadway. The engineering practice shows that when the coal thickness of roadway bottom is less than 2.5 m, the roof and floor displacement and deformation of two sides of roadway are larger, and the serious condition of multiple drilling bottom occurs in advance support. The failure to move the frame smoothly has seriously affected the normal pushing and mining of the working face and is not conducive to the stability of the surrounding rock in the advance protection section; When the coal thickness of roadway bottom is more than 2.5 m, the roof and floor plate move closer, the deformation of two sides and the amount of end drilling bottom before and after the leading support are smaller, and the load bearing of the leading support is stable, and it can move the frame smoothly. In summary, the thickness of the coal left behind should be not less than 2.2 m by theoretical calculation, and the best thickness of the coal is determined to be 2.5 m in combination with the field engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD353

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