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  本文關鍵詞： 液態(tài)二氧化碳 相變爆破 數(shù)值模擬 不同起爆條件 應用研究　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：對于單一低滲透性煤層,除采取水力化技術和深孔預裂爆破措施進行煤層增透外,近年來又發(fā)展了一種液態(tài)二氧化碳相變爆破增透技術,作為一種新型的煤層增透技術,該技術具有爆破不產(chǎn)生火花、壓力可控、易于儲存和運輸和安全性高等諸多優(yōu)點。本文首先對二氧化碳液相、氣相物理性質(zhì)進行了闡述,通過分析液態(tài)二氧化碳爆破過程熱力學變化,分析了二氧化碳由液態(tài)轉化為氣態(tài)的能量轉變過程,研究了液態(tài)二氧化碳轉變?yōu)闅鈶B(tài)的熱力學計算公式,并給出了部分壓力、溫度下氣化潛熱和膨脹功,根據(jù)TNT當量模型計算了試驗所用儲液管TNT當量。其次,結合爆破理論,分析了高壓二氧化碳氣體在煤體致裂的作用過程及應力波傳播規(guī)律,根據(jù)損傷斷裂力學理論計算了致裂應力波形成的初始宏觀裂紋尖端的有效應力強度因子,分析了致裂產(chǎn)生的高壓二氧化碳氣體作用下裂紋的擴展過程,并研究了裂縫動態(tài)延伸規(guī)律。利用有限元分析軟件ANSYS_LS_DYNA3D,以斷裂力學理論為基礎,建立了液態(tài)二氧化碳爆破致裂作用計算模型,對液態(tài)二氧化碳在煤體中爆破產(chǎn)生的應力場進行數(shù)值模擬;通過研究爆破后煤體中應力波的傳播規(guī)律,分析了煤體內(nèi)的應力波及裂紋擴展情況,研究了不同當量作用下煤體裂隙發(fā)育及影響范圍。在總結理論研究和數(shù)值模擬的基礎上,確定了五種不同的液態(tài)二氧化碳爆破增透方案,通過在潞安集團常村煤礦3#煤層進行試驗,分析了該爆破增透技術的效果。經(jīng)液態(tài)二氧化碳相變爆破增透后,瓦斯抽采量提高1.4~3.5倍,平均提高2.5倍,爆破增透效果顯著。不同爆破增透方案對提高瓦斯抽采效果也有一定的區(qū)別,從抽采純量上可以看出,采用二次爆破或延遲爆破增透方案對于提高瓦斯抽采效果有更為明顯的作用。
[Abstract]:For a single low permeability coal seam, a liquid CO2 phase change blasting antireflection technology has been developed in recent years, in addition to taking hydraulic technology and deep-hole pre-splitting blasting measures for coal seam antireflection. As a new type of coal seam antireflection technology, this technology has many advantages, such as no sparks produced by blasting, controllable pressure, easy storage and transportation, high safety and so on. The physical properties of the gas phase are described. By analyzing the thermodynamic changes in the explosion process of liquid carbon dioxide, the energy transformation process of carbon dioxide from liquid to gaseous state is analyzed. The thermodynamic calculation formula for the conversion of liquid carbon dioxide to gaseous state is studied, and the latent heat of gasification and expansion work at partial pressure and temperature are given. According to the TNT equivalent model, the TNT equivalent of the liquid storage pipe used in the test is calculated. Secondly, combined with the blasting theory, the action process and stress wave propagation of high-pressure carbon dioxide gas in coal body are analyzed. According to the theory of damage fracture mechanics, the effective stress intensity factor of the initial macroscopic crack tip formed by crack stress wave is calculated, and the crack propagation process under the action of high pressure carbon dioxide gas produced by crack is analyzed. Based on the theory of fracture mechanics, the calculation model of crack induced by liquid carbon dioxide blasting is established by using the finite element analysis software ANSYSS-DYNA3D. The stress field caused by liquid carbon dioxide blasting in coal is numerically simulated. By studying the propagation law of stress wave in coal body after blasting, the stress and crack propagation in coal body is analyzed. On the basis of summarizing the theoretical research and numerical simulation, five kinds of liquid carbon dioxide blasting antireflection schemes are determined. Based on the tests in the coal seam of Changcun Coal Mine of Lu'an Group, the effect of the blasting antireflection technique is analyzed. After the liquid carbon dioxide phase change blasting, the gas drainage volume is increased by 1.4 ~ 3.5 times. The average increase is 2.5 times, and the effect of blasting antireflection is remarkable. Different blasting antipenetration schemes have some differences in improving the gas drainage effect, which can be seen from the extraction scalar quantity. It is more obvious to improve the effect of gas drainage by using the antidimosis scheme of secondary blasting or delayed blasting.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD712.6

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