本文選題：甘藍(lán)型油菜 + 粒重��； 參考：《中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院》2016年博士后論文

【摘要】：油菜(Brassica napus)是世界范圍廣泛種植的第三大油料作物,也是我國(guó)最重要的油料作物之一。粒重(SW),單株角果數(shù)(SPP)和每角果粒數(shù)(SPS)是單個(gè)植株產(chǎn)量的三個(gè)重要的基本組成部分。其中粒重是最穩(wěn)定的組成因子,是油料作物產(chǎn)量的最直接的性狀。因此,在油料作物育種中,了解粒重的遺傳決定因素對(duì)產(chǎn)量的提高具有重要意義。本研究利用新一代測(cè)序技術(shù),分別從粒重關(guān)聯(lián)候選區(qū)域和差異基因表達(dá)分析兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行闡述,快速篩選出千粒重相關(guān)候選基因,揭示了候選基因可能參與影響粒重大小的調(diào)控機(jī)理,取得的主要研究結(jié)果與結(jié)論如下：1、SLAF-seq技術(shù)對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行分析共獲得24.18M reads數(shù)據(jù),共開發(fā)112,292個(gè)SLAF標(biāo)簽,多態(tài)性SLAF標(biāo)簽共有7,536個(gè),多態(tài)性比例達(dá)到6.71%。2、過濾掉測(cè)序深度5x以下的標(biāo)簽,選取一種基因型來源于父本(G101),另一種基因型來源于母本(G102)的多態(tài)性SLAF標(biāo)簽,共1,933個(gè)SLAF標(biāo)記被篩選進(jìn)行后續(xù)關(guān)聯(lián)分析。3、SNP_index法,Euclidean distance法及取兩者交集進(jìn)行關(guān)聯(lián)分析,共獲得4個(gè)與性狀顯著相關(guān)的SLAF標(biāo)簽,位于ChrA09上。關(guān)聯(lián)區(qū)域大小約為0.58Mb,其中有91個(gè)基因,在堿基25,401,885-25,985,931之問。4、關(guān)聯(lián)區(qū)域內(nèi)的91個(gè)基因與NR, Swiss Prot、GO、COG和KEGG數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)比對(duì),最終獲得90個(gè)基因的注釋信息。其中4個(gè)基因可能參與粒重調(diào)控。5、RNA-seq技術(shù)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)錄組分析共得到原始數(shù)據(jù)總堿基數(shù)為17.64 G,共發(fā)掘得到2,251個(gè)新基因及97,963個(gè)已知基因；其中2,205個(gè)基因在兩個(gè)樣本中表達(dá)顯著差異,1,181個(gè)基因上調(diào),1,087個(gè)基因下調(diào)。6、1,747(77.61%)個(gè)新基因,2,020(91.61%)個(gè)差異基因能獲得功能注釋信息。篩選到50個(gè)差異基因可能參與合成調(diào)控粒重相關(guān)的酶與蛋白。
[Abstract]:Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is the third largest oil crop widely planted in the world, and it is also one of the most important oil crops in China. Seed weight (SWN), the number of pods per plant (SPP) and the number of kernels per pod (SPSs) are three important components of single plant yield. Grain weight is the most stable component factor and the most direct character of oil crop yield. Therefore, it is important to understand the genetic determinants of grain weight in oil crop breeding. In this study, a new generation of sequencing technique was used to analyze the candidate regions of grain weight association and differential gene expression, and to screen candidate genes for 1000-grain weight quickly. It was revealed that candidate genes might be involved in the regulation mechanism of grain weight size. The main results and conclusions were as follows: 1: 1 SLAF-seq technique was used to analyze the samples, and a total of 24.18 M reads data were obtained. A total of 112 292 SLAF tags were developed, and 7536 polymorphic SLAF tags were developed. The polymorphic SLAF tag was selected from one genotype from the male parent G101a and the other from the female parent G102by filtering out the tags below 5x of the sequencing depth. Three hundred and thirty-three SLAF markers were screened for further association analysis. The Euclidean distance method and their intersection were used for correlation analysis. Four SLAF tags with significant correlation with traits were obtained, which were located on ChrA09. The size of the associated region is about 0.58 Mb, among which 91 genes. In the base 25401885-25985931, 91 genes in the associated region were compared with NR, Swiss Protgocog and KEGG databases, and 90 gene annotated information were obtained. Among them, four genes may be involved in grain weight regulation. 5 RNA-seq technique was used for transcriptome analysis. The total base number of the original data was 17.64 G. 2251 new genes and 97963 known genes were identified. The expression of 2205 genes in the two samples was significantly different: 1181 genes were up-regulated, and 1087 genes down-regulated. 1 087 genes down-regulated. Fifty differentially identified genes may be involved in the synthesis of enzymes and proteins related to grain weight regulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士后
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S565.4

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