本文選題：轉(zhuǎn)基因食品 + 知情權(quán)��； 參考：《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的通過(guò)對(duì)合肥市消費(fèi)者轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)和轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的認(rèn)知調(diào)查,了解消費(fèi)者轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的購(gòu)買(mǎi)情況并分析其影響因素,結(jié)合對(duì)國(guó)外轉(zhuǎn)基因食品監(jiān)管和消費(fèi)者知情權(quán)保護(hù)的比較研究,為構(gòu)建我國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品監(jiān)管體系和消費(fèi)者知情權(quán)保障提供實(shí)證依據(jù)和完善策略建議。方法以合肥市大型超市流動(dòng)的消費(fèi)者為調(diào)查對(duì)象,采用分層抽樣和方便隨機(jī)抽樣相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)調(diào)查對(duì)象進(jìn)行自編問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,內(nèi)容包括一般情況、基因相關(guān)知識(shí)、轉(zhuǎn)基因食品認(rèn)知、轉(zhuǎn)基因食品購(gòu)買(mǎi)意愿等。采用Epi Data3.0建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),采用雙重錄入并進(jìn)行邏輯核對(duì),應(yīng)用SPSS16.0軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。計(jì)量資料采用t檢驗(yàn),多組間比較采用方差分析;計(jì)數(shù)資料比較采用卡方檢驗(yàn),檢驗(yàn)水準(zhǔn)為α=0.05;多因素的獨(dú)立作用采用非條件Logistic回歸分析。結(jié)果本研究共調(diào)查消費(fèi)者2700人,經(jīng)篩選獲得有效問(wèn)卷2461份,有效率為91.15%。其中男性1259人(51.16%),女性1202人(48.84%)。年齡段主要分布在21—60歲,有2031人(86.35%);城郊居民居多,有1483人(60.26%);文化程度以大專(zhuān)及以上學(xué)歷為主,有1784人(72.49%);家庭月收入主要集中在2001—4000元和4001—8000元兩個(gè)分段,分別為765人(31.08%)和718人(29.18%)。2256人回答了10道基因相關(guān)知識(shí)的題目,但只有9.43%的人全部答對(duì)�？傮w而言,基因相關(guān)知識(shí)得分上,高年齡組低于低年齡組,21~30歲組最高,51~60歲最低;城鎮(zhèn)居民得分高于農(nóng)村;文化程度越高得分越高。單因素分析發(fā)現(xiàn)基因相關(guān)知識(shí)得分與性別、年齡、居住地、文化程度有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。以此為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行Logistic回歸分析,得出年齡和文化程度為主要影響因素。本研究表明,調(diào)查對(duì)象中聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的占94.15%,但對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品持支持態(tài)度的僅為16.54%。調(diào)查對(duì)象的轉(zhuǎn)基因信息主要來(lái)源于網(wǎng)路(66.70%)、電視(56.40%)和報(bào)刊雜志(33.89%)。單因素分析顯示:性別、年齡、居住地、文化程度對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品認(rèn)知的差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),Logistic回歸分析顯示:文化程度越高轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的認(rèn)知度越高,城鎮(zhèn)認(rèn)知度高于農(nóng)村。轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的安全性、營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值和價(jià)格是影調(diào)查對(duì)象購(gòu)買(mǎi)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的主要因素,81.31%的被調(diào)查者認(rèn)為轉(zhuǎn)基因食品需要加貼醒目標(biāo)識(shí),單因素分析發(fā)現(xiàn)購(gòu)買(mǎi)意愿與年齡、文化水平、收入水平和接受度有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),Logistic回歸分析顯示:調(diào)查對(duì)象中文化程度和收入水平與轉(zhuǎn)基因食品購(gòu)買(mǎi)意愿成負(fù)相關(guān);而轉(zhuǎn)基因食品接受度越高,購(gòu)買(mǎi)意愿相應(yīng)增加。單因素分析發(fā)現(xiàn):年齡、居住地、文化成度、收入水平、轉(zhuǎn)基因食品加貼醒目標(biāo)識(shí)有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。此外,轉(zhuǎn)基因食品購(gòu)買(mǎi)情況與基因相關(guān)知識(shí)得分的分析顯示:經(jīng)常購(gòu)買(mǎi)組的均分低于其他各組,且均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。結(jié)論本次調(diào)查的消費(fèi)者年齡結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)集中,對(duì)基因相關(guān)知識(shí)的認(rèn)知度較高于其他學(xué)者在其他地區(qū)調(diào)查所得的結(jié)果,消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品信息來(lái)源的渠道較單一,客觀專(zhuān)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)和轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的科普宣傳和報(bào)道是保障知情權(quán)的前提。消費(fèi)者在轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全的不確定性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和自身健康利益之間,通過(guò)選擇遠(yuǎn)離轉(zhuǎn)基因食品予以規(guī)避,側(cè)面反映出標(biāo)簽制度的重要性,推行和強(qiáng)化轉(zhuǎn)基因食品原料成份的統(tǒng)一詳細(xì)閾值標(biāo)識(shí),不僅不會(huì)失去其固有消費(fèi)群體,反而會(huì)因其信息的公開(kāi)透明贏得潛在消費(fèi)者。通過(guò)借鑒國(guó)外的監(jiān)管策略,盡快形成統(tǒng)一可行的轉(zhuǎn)基因成分檢測(cè)方法和檢測(cè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),強(qiáng)化轉(zhuǎn)基因食品標(biāo)簽制度管理,構(gòu)建適合我國(guó)國(guó)情的轉(zhuǎn)基因食品法律制度與監(jiān)管體系,切實(shí)保障消費(fèi)者轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全權(quán)益。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the purchase of genetically modified foods and analyze the influencing factors of genetically modified food in Hefei, and to analyze the influence factors of GM food and the protection of the right to know of consumers in foreign countries. The obstacle provides empirical basis and perfect strategy suggestion. Method taking the mobile consumers in Hefei supermarket as the investigation object, using the method of stratified sampling and convenient random sampling, the questionnaire survey is conducted on the subject, including general situation, gene related knowledge, genetically modified food cognition, and the purchase intention of genetically modified food. And so on. Using Epi Data3.0 to establish the database, using double entry and logical checking, using SPSS16.0 software to carry out data processing and statistical analysis. The measurement data are used t test, multiple groups are compared with variance analysis; counting data are compared with chi square test, the test level is alpha =0.05; the independent effect of multiple factors adopts the non conditional Logistic. Results a total of 2700 consumers were investigated and 2461 effective questionnaires were selected. The effective rate was 91.15%. of 1259 men (51.16%) and 1202 women (48.84%). The age group was mainly 21 to 60 years old, 2031 (86.35%), suburb residents, 1483 (60.26%), college or higher education, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178 4 people (72.49%); family monthly income was mainly concentrated in 2001 - 4000 yuan and 4001 - 8000 yuan, two subsections, 765 (31.08%) and 718 (29.18%).2256 people answered the topic of 10 gene related knowledge, but only 9.43% people all answered. Overall, the score of gene related knowledge was lower than the low age group and the highest in the 21~30 year group. 51~60 is the lowest; the score of urban residents is higher than that in the countryside; the higher the level of culture is, the higher the score is. The single factor analysis found that the score of gene related knowledge is statistically significant (P0.05) with sex, age, residence and educational level. Based on the Logistic regression analysis, age and educational level are the main factors. The respondents said that 94.15% of the genetically modified foods were said, but the information of transgenic food supported by 16.54%. was mainly from the Internet (66.70%), television (56.40%) and newspapers and magazines (33.89%). Single factor analysis showed that gender, age, residence, and educational level have statistical differences on the cognition of genetically modified foods. Study significance (P0.05), Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the cultural degree, the higher the recognition of genetically modified foods, the more urban recognition is higher than that in the rural areas. The safety, value and price of genetically modified foods are the main factors for the purchase of genetically modified foods, and 81.31% of the respondents believe that genetically modified foods need to be labeled with an eye - catching label. The factor analysis found that the purchase intention was statistically significant (P0.05) with age, cultural level, income level and acceptance, and Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of education and income were negatively related to the purchase intention of GM food, while the higher the acceptance of GM food and the increase of purchase intention. There were statistically significant differences in age, residence, cultural degree, income level, and the labeling of genetically modified foods (P0.05). In addition, the analysis of the purchase of genetically modified food and the score of gene related knowledge showed that the average score of the regular purchase group was lower than that of the other groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion the age structure of the consumer in this survey was relative to the present survey. Concentration, the recognition of gene related knowledge is higher than that of other scholars in other areas. Consumers have a single source of information on genetically modified food. The publicity and reporting of genetically modified foods and genetically modified foods are the premise of ensuring the right to know. The safety of consumers in genetically modified foods is inaccurate. Between the qualitative risk and the health benefits, by choosing away from the genetically modified food, the importance of the label system is reflected in the side, and the unified and detailed threshold identification of the ingredients of the genetically modified food will not lose its intrinsic consumption group, but will win the potential consumer because of the transparency and transparency of its information. We should learn from foreign regulatory strategies to form a unified and feasible method for detecting genetically modified ingredients and testing standards as soon as possible, strengthen the management of the label system of genetically modified foods, and build a legal system and regulatory system of genetically modified foods suitable for the national conditions of our country, so as to effectively protect the rights and interests of consumers' genetically modified food.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F713.55

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