本文關(guān)鍵詞： 轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻 浮游動(dòng)物 物種多樣性 安全評(píng)價(jià)　出處：《中國(guó)生物防治學(xué)報(bào)》2017年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：轉(zhuǎn)Bt基因水稻的非靶標(biāo)效應(yīng)一直以來(lái)都是人們關(guān)注的重點(diǎn),為了解轉(zhuǎn)Bt基因水稻對(duì)稻田浮游動(dòng)物群落的安全性,本文以轉(zhuǎn)cry1C基因水稻(T1C-19)、轉(zhuǎn)cry2A基因水稻(T2A-1)及其非轉(zhuǎn)基因親本水稻明恢63(MH63)為材料,以浮游動(dòng)物的種類和群落多樣性為指標(biāo),研究并分析了轉(zhuǎn)Bt基因水稻對(duì)稻田浮游動(dòng)物群落物種多樣性的影響。結(jié)果顯示,水稻不同生長(zhǎng)時(shí)期里稻田中浮游動(dòng)物種類變化不明顯,數(shù)量變化明顯,Shannon-Wiener物種多樣性指數(shù)和均勻性指數(shù)在拔節(jié)期達(dá)到最大值。另外由于孕穗期不得不施用農(nóng)藥防治蝗蟲(chóng),導(dǎo)致孕穗期浮游動(dòng)物的數(shù)量及物種多樣性顯著降低,并且在使用農(nóng)藥后,多樣性指數(shù)和均勻性指數(shù)隨著水稻的生長(zhǎng)逐漸下降。但轉(zhuǎn)Bt基因水稻對(duì)浮游動(dòng)物種類和數(shù)量及群落物種多樣性與對(duì)照非轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻相比均無(wú)顯著性差異。與施用農(nóng)藥對(duì)水體帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響相比,轉(zhuǎn)Bt基因水稻對(duì)水體環(huán)境無(wú)負(fù)面影響。
[Abstract]:Non-target effect of BT transgenic rice has been the focus of attention. In order to understand the safety of BT transgenic rice to zooplankton communities in paddy fields. In this paper, cry1C transgenic rice T1C-19, cry2A transgenic rice T2A-1) and its non-transgenic parent Minghui 63 (MH63) were used as materials. The effects of BT transgenic rice on species diversity of zooplankton communities in paddy fields were studied and analyzed based on species and community diversity of zooplankton. The variety of zooplankton species in rice field was not obvious, but the number of zooplankton changed obviously in different growing stages of rice. The species diversity index and uniformity index of Shannon-Wiener reached the maximum at jointing stage. In addition, pesticides had to be applied to control locusts at booting stage. As a result, the number and species diversity of zooplankton in booting stage were significantly reduced, and after the use of pesticides. The diversity index and evenness index decreased gradually with the growth of rice, but the species diversity of zooplankton and community of BT transgenic rice were not significantly different from those of control non-transgenic rice. The adverse effects of pesticides on water were compared. Transgenic BT rice had no negative effect on water environment.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院植物保護(hù)研究所/植物病蟲(chóng)害生物學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;揚(yáng)州大學(xué)動(dòng)物科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家轉(zhuǎn)基因生物新品種培育科技重大專項(xiàng)(2016ZX08011-001)
【分類號(hào)】：S511
【正文快照】： 轉(zhuǎn)基因抗蟲(chóng)作物能夠有效的控制害蟲(chóng)為害,從而降低化學(xué)農(nóng)藥的使用、提高農(nóng)民的收入、減少環(huán)境污染,同時(shí)解決農(nóng)藥殘留等問(wèn)題,因此會(huì)帶來(lái)巨大的環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益[1],但其對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)仍需深入的研究。轉(zhuǎn)基因抗蟲(chóng)作物的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題主要包括入侵化和雜草化、基因漂移、非靶

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