【摘要】：游梁式抽油機仍然是當今各油田采油設備的主要機型,其傳動裝置普遍采用帶傳動,鑒于帶傳動系統(tǒng)中存在的彈性滑動、打滑和丟轉等現(xiàn)象,尤其是遇到雨雪天氣還會出現(xiàn)失穩(wěn)、失效、加快磨損縮短傳動帶的使用壽命,甚至會燒帶而被迫停機,本文針對抽油機帶傳動系統(tǒng)的帶與帶輪結構進行了重新設計,完成了抽油機防滑改造,設計了聯(lián)組齒形窄V帶傳動,有效解決了帶傳動中的打滑、丟轉和頻繁更換帶問題,從而提高帶傳動的效率,傳動帶的使用壽命得到大幅度的提高,減小了現(xiàn)場工人的勞動強度,提高了采油生產(chǎn)效率,節(jié)約了電能。 論文以帶傳動的工作原理入手,通過深入分析研究摩擦型帶傳動的摩擦機理以及嚙合型帶傳動的嚙合機理,摩擦型傳動帶彈性滑動發(fā)生的過程與原理,對同步帶的運行受載進行了詳細分析,得出帶齒受載變形理論,取得了帶傳動理論研究的突破性進展,以此為基礎,研究分析了聯(lián)組齒形窄V帶傳動的工作原理,為后續(xù)設計工作起到了指導作用。通過理論分析,指出摩擦傳動與嚙合傳動能夠同時存在于同一種帶傳動形式中,能夠同時工作而互不發(fā)生干涉,證明了對抽油機帶傳動系統(tǒng)的改進設計是合理的。 把摩擦傳動與嚙合傳動結合起來,進行帶與帶輪的結構設計,帶齒與輪齒的齒形設計與齒廓參數(shù)選擇。建立三維幾何模型,對帶齒所受應力應變進行有限元分析,結果顯示帶齒的受載變形與應力分布情況與理論分析一致,進而指導帶齒與輪齒齒廓參數(shù)的優(yōu)化設計工作,以選擇更合理的帶與帶輪尺寸參數(shù),延長使用壽命。 在帶傳動實驗臺上,測試聯(lián)組齒形窄V帶傳動的傳動特性與彈性滑動率,實驗證明摩擦傳動與嚙合傳動能夠同時傳遞運動與動力,同時進行了同等實驗條件下普通聯(lián)組帶窄V帶的傳動特性實驗,通過實驗結果的分析與對比,充分顯示了重新改進設計后帶傳動的優(yōu)越性,消除了打滑現(xiàn)象,有效解決了由彈性滑動引起的丟轉問題,具有滑動率低、傳動效率高、受載均勻合理、對中心距不敏感等優(yōu)點。最后,還進行了現(xiàn)場安裝應用實驗,連續(xù)采集實驗數(shù)據(jù)顯示聯(lián)組齒形窄V帶傳動取得了良好的效果,提高了傳動帶的使用壽命和采油廠的采油生產(chǎn)效率。
[Abstract]:Beam pumping unit is still the main type of oil production equipment in various oilfields today. Belt drive is widely used in its transmission device. In view of the phenomena of elastic sliding, slippage and loss of rotation in the belt drive system, Especially in the case of rain and snow, there will be instability, failure, accelerated wear, shorten the service life of the belt, and even will burn the belt and be forced to stop. In this paper, the belt and pulley structure of the belt drive system of the pumping unit are redesigned, and the structure of the belt and pulley is redesigned. The anti-skid revamping of the pumping unit is completed, and the narrow V-belt drive is designed, which effectively solves the problems of skidding, losing and frequently changing the belt in the belt drive, so as to improve the efficiency of the belt transmission and greatly improve the service life of the belt. It reduces the labor intensity of the workers in the field, improves the productivity of oil production, and saves the electric energy. Based on the working principle of belt drive, the friction mechanism of friction belt drive, meshing mechanism of meshing belt drive, and the process and principle of elastic sliding of friction belt drive are studied through in-depth analysis of the mechanism of friction belt drive and meshing mechanism of meshing belt drive. The operating load of synchronous belt is analyzed in detail, the deformation theory of belt tooth is obtained, and the breakthrough development of belt transmission theory is obtained. On the basis of this, the working principle of the combined tooth-shaped narrow V-belt drive is studied and analyzed. It plays a guiding role in the follow-up design work. Through theoretical analysis, it is pointed out that friction drive and meshing drive can exist in the same type of belt drive at the same time and can work at the same time without interference. It is proved that the improved design of belt drive system for pumping units is reasonable. The structure design of belt and pulley, tooth profile design and tooth profile parameter selection of belt and gear teeth are carried out by combining friction transmission with meshing drive. The three-dimensional geometric model is established and the finite element analysis of the stress and strain of the belt tooth is carried out. The results show that the load deformation and stress distribution of the belt tooth are consistent with the theoretical analysis, thus guiding the optimization design of the tooth profile parameters of the belt tooth and the gear tooth. To select more reasonable belt and pulley size parameters, extended service life. On the experimental platform of belt transmission, the transmission characteristics and elastic slip rate of the combined tooth-shaped narrow V-belt drive are tested. The experiment proves that the friction drive and the meshing drive can simultaneously transfer the motion and the power. At the same time, under the same experimental conditions, the experiment of the transmission characteristics of the common band narrow V-belt is carried out. Through the analysis and comparison of the experimental results, the advantages of the redesigned belt drive are fully demonstrated, and the sliding phenomenon is eliminated. The problem of loss of rotation caused by elastic sliding is solved effectively. It has the advantages of low slip rate, high transmission efficiency, uniform and reasonable load, and insensitivity to center distance. Finally, the field installation and application experiment is carried out. The continuous collection of experimental data shows that the combined gear-shaped narrow V-belt drive has achieved good results, and the service life of the drive belt and the production efficiency of the oil production plant have been improved.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH132.32

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本文編號：2462115