【摘要】：本文首先綜述了國內外對旋式軸流風機的現(xiàn)狀、發(fā)展趨勢和存在的問題,分析了其空氣動力性能和結構特征。在此基礎上,保證設計點兩級等負載分配,通過對輪轂比、弦長比、變環(huán)量流型等參數(shù)對性能影響的對比研究,設計得到一高效雙級對旋式軸流風機。進一步,對該對旋式軸流風機的變轉速匹配特性進行了數(shù)值模擬研究。本文主要工作及結果如下： 1.采用等環(huán)量設計方法,在設計流量點,首先討論了輪轂比對風機性能的影響,優(yōu)選得到適當?shù)妮嗇灡葏?shù)；然后,通過改變葉片弦長沿葉高的變化規(guī)律,研究了稠度變化在調節(jié)兩級葉輪負荷分配中發(fā)揮的作用,初步優(yōu)選得到了高壓比、高效率對旋式軸流風機的設計方案；最后,針對在設計工況的優(yōu)化方案,研究了其在全流量范圍的變工況性能。 2.為進一步提高對旋式軸流風機設計性能,在采用等環(huán)量設計方法優(yōu)選得到的高壓比、高效率風機設計方案基礎上,在保證設計點兩級等負載分配前提下,采用變環(huán)量流型設計方法,分別對比研究了兩級轉子不同展向載荷分配規(guī)律對對旋式軸流風機性能的影響,從中確定了性能最佳的兩級轉子徑向載荷分布規(guī)律,并給出了近似描述該變化規(guī)律的數(shù)學表達式。 3.采用全圓周數(shù)值模擬方法,對包括進口集流器、兩級轉子和出口擴散器的雙級對旋式軸流風機整機進行了變轉速匹配特性研究。在四種轉速匹配方案下,對比分析了風機整機和各級轉子的壓升、效率和功率特性,進一步深入流場內部,揭示了不同轉速匹配下的內部流動特征,并與僅包含兩級轉子的單通道模擬結果做了對比。對單級轉子特性而言,單通道模型和全圓周模型間最大的區(qū)別在第二級轉子,就全壓升和效率來說,單通道模擬結果高于全圓周模擬結果。不同轉速匹配下的結果均顯示,第二級轉子性能改變對轉速變化更為敏感。除各級轉子的良好設計,進口集流器和出口擴散器對提高對旋式軸流風機的性能也很重要。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the present situation, development trend and existing problems of counterrotating axial fan are reviewed, and its aerodynamic performance and structural characteristics are analyzed. On the basis of this, the design point and two stages of equal load distribution are guaranteed. Through the comparative study of the influence of wheel hub ratio, chord length ratio and flow pattern of variable ring volume on the performance, an efficient two-stage counter-rotating axial flow fan is designed. Furthermore, the variable speed matching characteristics of the counter rotating axial fan are numerically simulated. The main work and results are as follows: 1. At the design flow point, the influence of wheel hub ratio on fan performance is discussed by using equal ring design method, and appropriate hub ratio parameters are obtained. Then, by changing the variation rule of blade chord length along the blade height, the effect of consistency change in regulating the load distribution of two stage impeller is studied, and the design scheme of high pressure ratio and high efficiency counter-rotating axial fan is obtained. Finally, according to the optimization scheme in the design condition, the off-condition performance in the whole flow range is studied. 2. In order to further improve the design performance of the counterrotating axial fan, on the basis of the optimum selection of high pressure ratio and high efficiency fan design scheme by using the equal ring quantity design method, under the premise of guaranteeing the two-stage equal load distribution at the design point, In this paper, the influence of different spanking load distribution law of two stage rotor on the performance of rotating axial fan is studied by using variable annular flow pattern design method, and the radial load distribution law of two stage rotor with the best performance is determined. A mathematical expression describing the variation law is given. 3. The variable speed matching characteristics of a two-stage counter-rotating axial fan including an inlet collector, a two-stage rotor and an outlet diffuser are studied by using the full-circle numerical simulation method. Under four kinds of speed matching schemes, the pressure rise, efficiency and power characteristics of the whole fan machine and the rotor at all levels are compared and analyzed, and the internal flow characteristics under different speed matching conditions are revealed. The results are compared with the single channel simulation results with only two stage rotors. For the characteristics of single-stage rotor, the biggest difference between single-channel model and full-circumferential model is in the second-stage rotor. In terms of full pressure rise and efficiency, single-channel simulation results are higher than that of full-circumferential simulation. The results of different speed matching show that the performance change of the second stage rotor is more sensitive to the speed change. In addition to the good design of the rotor at all levels, the inlet collector and the outlet diffuser are also important for improving the performance of the counterrotating axial fan.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學院研究生院（工程熱物理研究所）
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH432.1

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