基于DSP便攜式滾珠絲杠副故障檢測儀設(shè)計
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-21 06:46
【摘要】：滾珠絲杠副是數(shù)控加工機床中最重要的部件之一,它是數(shù)控加工機床主要的傳動、定位裝置,因其具有傳動效率高、定位精度準、剛度強等特點,在數(shù)控機床領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛應用。數(shù)控機床滾珠絲杠副的使用壽命一般規(guī)定在1-1.5萬小時,但是很多數(shù)控機床橫向滾珠絲杠副達不到這個運行時間就會發(fā)生故障。 當滾珠絲杠副出現(xiàn)故障,如果不能及時發(fā)現(xiàn),將會對所加工產(chǎn)品的精度造成嚴重的誤差,從而導致產(chǎn)品合格率下降。這會使數(shù)控加工生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟效益大幅度降低。同時由于目前國內(nèi)數(shù)控機床的加工技術(shù)遠不能滿足高精度的需求,許多企業(yè)只能依靠進口高精度數(shù)控機床進行產(chǎn)品的加工生產(chǎn)。一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)滾珠絲杠副出現(xiàn)問題,再向國外廠家訂購,會大大增加數(shù)控加工企業(yè)的停工時間。這也將很大降低數(shù)控加工企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟效益。近年來,國內(nèi)對滾珠絲杠副故障診斷系統(tǒng)也有一定的研究,但是絕大多數(shù)故障診斷系統(tǒng)的文獻都是基于PC機形式來實現(xiàn)的。這大大增加了數(shù)控加工企業(yè)的成本,也限制了現(xiàn)場的實際應用的價值。國外也有研究基于便攜式的滾珠絲杠副故障診斷儀,但是由于其價格過于昂貴,難以在國內(nèi)數(shù)控加工企業(yè)普及。 針對上述情況本文提出一種基于DSP便攜式滾珠絲杠副故障測試儀。實現(xiàn)了低成本、高運算能力、高數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速度等優(yōu)點。 論文完成了滾珠絲杠副故障檢測系統(tǒng)的硬件電路設(shè)計工作。系統(tǒng)采用了高共模抑制比前置放大器MAX492進行信號的前置放大處理,并采用LMF90構(gòu)成50Hz陷波電路濾去工頻干擾信號,同時采用MAX7424開關(guān)電容濾波芯片構(gòu)成低通濾波器,由TMS320VC5502控制其時鐘信號,從而達到可自調(diào)整截止頻率的目的,最后由DAC0832和運算放大器構(gòu)成程控放大器,達到放大倍數(shù)可調(diào),為12位串行A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器MAX1246提供適合轉(zhuǎn)換的模擬信號。經(jīng)過A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器MAX1246后的得到的數(shù)字信號通過TMS320VC5502的多通道緩沖串口,利用DMA控制器將數(shù)據(jù)搬移到DSP內(nèi)部存儲器。同時,論文完成了人機交互硬件模塊,使系統(tǒng)能更便于的操作。 論文還完成了TMS320VC5502的自加載程序設(shè)計。通過對Boot表設(shè)計,使系統(tǒng)程序能順利燒寫到Flash中,并在系統(tǒng)上電后能完成自加載任務。此外,論文在DSP的CCS2.0開發(fā)環(huán)境中用C語言和匯編語言完成了系統(tǒng)軟件的開發(fā)和快速傅里葉算法的編寫。 論文在完成軟硬件系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,在數(shù)控加工企業(yè)以CNCNNATIV5-3000加工中心的滾珠絲杠副作為實驗對象進行功能測試。測試結(jié)果證明,該檢測儀能夠滿足滾珠絲杠副的故障檢測要求。這對提高數(shù)控加工企業(yè)的工作效率和經(jīng)濟效益有著重大的現(xiàn)實意義,也對故障檢測在滾珠絲杠副的應用有著很強的理論意義。
[Abstract]:Ball screw pair is one of the most important parts in NC machining machine tools. It is the main transmission and positioning device of NC machine tools, because of its high transmission efficiency, accurate positioning accuracy, strong stiffness and so on. It has been widely used in the field of NC machine tools. The service life of the ball screw pair of CNC machine tools is generally in the range of 10 to 15, 000 hours, but many CNC machine tool horizontal ball screw pairs will fail if they fail to reach this running time. If the ball screw pair fails, if it can not be found in time, it will cause serious error to the precision of the processed product, which will lead to the decline of the qualified rate of the product. This will greatly reduce the economic benefits of NC manufacturing enterprises. At the same time, because the machining technology of domestic NC machine tools is far from meeting the demand of high precision, many enterprises can only rely on imported high-precision NC machine tools to process and produce products. Once found the ball screw pair problems, and then ordered from foreign manufacturers, will greatly increase the shutdown time of CNC processing enterprises. This will also greatly reduce the economic benefits of NC processing enterprises. In recent years, the ball screw fault diagnosis system has also been studied in China, but most of the documents of the fault diagnosis system are based on the form of PC machine. This greatly increases the cost of NC processing enterprises and limits the practical value of field applications. There are also researches in foreign countries based on portable ball screw fault diagnosis instrument, but because its price is too expensive, it is difficult to be popularized in domestic NC processing enterprises. This paper presents a portable ball screw fault tester based on DSP. It has the advantages of low cost, high computing capacity and high data transmission speed. The hardware circuit design of the ball screw fault detection system is completed in this paper. A high common-mode rejection ratio preamplifier (MAX492) is used to preamplify the signal. The 50Hz notch circuit is used to filter the power frequency interference signal and the MAX7424 switch capacitor filter chip is used to filter the low-pass filter. The clock signal is controlled by TMS320VC5502 to achieve the purpose of self-adjusting cutoff frequency. At last, the programmable amplifier is composed of DAC0832 and operational amplifier, and the amplification ratio is adjustable. The analog signal suitable for conversion is provided for 12-bit serial A / D converter MAX1246. The digital signal obtained by the MAX1246 of the A / D converter is moved to the internal memory of the DSP by using the DMA controller through the multi-channel buffer serial port of the TMS320VC5502. At the same time, the hardware module of man-machine interaction is completed, which makes the system more convenient to operate. The thesis also completes the self-loading program design of TMS320VC5502. Through the design of Boot table, the system program can be burned into the Flash smoothly, and the self-loading task can be completed after the system is powered on. In addition, in the CCS2.0 development environment of DSP, the system software and fast Fourier algorithm are developed with C language and assembly language. On the basis of the software and hardware system, the paper takes the ball screw pair of CNCNNATIV5-3000 machining center as the experimental object to test its function. The test results show that the tester can meet the fault detection requirements of ball screw pair. It is of great practical significance to improve the working efficiency and economic benefit of NC machining enterprises, and it is also of great theoretical significance to the application of fault detection in ball screw pairs.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TG659;TH165.3
本文編號：2346194
[Abstract]:Ball screw pair is one of the most important parts in NC machining machine tools. It is the main transmission and positioning device of NC machine tools, because of its high transmission efficiency, accurate positioning accuracy, strong stiffness and so on. It has been widely used in the field of NC machine tools. The service life of the ball screw pair of CNC machine tools is generally in the range of 10 to 15, 000 hours, but many CNC machine tool horizontal ball screw pairs will fail if they fail to reach this running time. If the ball screw pair fails, if it can not be found in time, it will cause serious error to the precision of the processed product, which will lead to the decline of the qualified rate of the product. This will greatly reduce the economic benefits of NC manufacturing enterprises. At the same time, because the machining technology of domestic NC machine tools is far from meeting the demand of high precision, many enterprises can only rely on imported high-precision NC machine tools to process and produce products. Once found the ball screw pair problems, and then ordered from foreign manufacturers, will greatly increase the shutdown time of CNC processing enterprises. This will also greatly reduce the economic benefits of NC processing enterprises. In recent years, the ball screw fault diagnosis system has also been studied in China, but most of the documents of the fault diagnosis system are based on the form of PC machine. This greatly increases the cost of NC processing enterprises and limits the practical value of field applications. There are also researches in foreign countries based on portable ball screw fault diagnosis instrument, but because its price is too expensive, it is difficult to be popularized in domestic NC processing enterprises. This paper presents a portable ball screw fault tester based on DSP. It has the advantages of low cost, high computing capacity and high data transmission speed. The hardware circuit design of the ball screw fault detection system is completed in this paper. A high common-mode rejection ratio preamplifier (MAX492) is used to preamplify the signal. The 50Hz notch circuit is used to filter the power frequency interference signal and the MAX7424 switch capacitor filter chip is used to filter the low-pass filter. The clock signal is controlled by TMS320VC5502 to achieve the purpose of self-adjusting cutoff frequency. At last, the programmable amplifier is composed of DAC0832 and operational amplifier, and the amplification ratio is adjustable. The analog signal suitable for conversion is provided for 12-bit serial A / D converter MAX1246. The digital signal obtained by the MAX1246 of the A / D converter is moved to the internal memory of the DSP by using the DMA controller through the multi-channel buffer serial port of the TMS320VC5502. At the same time, the hardware module of man-machine interaction is completed, which makes the system more convenient to operate. The thesis also completes the self-loading program design of TMS320VC5502. Through the design of Boot table, the system program can be burned into the Flash smoothly, and the self-loading task can be completed after the system is powered on. In addition, in the CCS2.0 development environment of DSP, the system software and fast Fourier algorithm are developed with C language and assembly language. On the basis of the software and hardware system, the paper takes the ball screw pair of CNCNNATIV5-3000 machining center as the experimental object to test its function. The test results show that the tester can meet the fault detection requirements of ball screw pair. It is of great practical significance to improve the working efficiency and economic benefit of NC machining enterprises, and it is also of great theoretical significance to the application of fault detection in ball screw pairs.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TG659;TH165.3
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