【摘要】：飛輪儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)具有高功率密度、高能量密度、充放電時(shí)間短、無(wú)污染、高效、壽命長(zhǎng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),一直是儲(chǔ)能技術(shù)中的研究熱點(diǎn),有希望在電動(dòng)汽車(chē)、電網(wǎng)調(diào)峰等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用,對(duì)節(jié)約能源、緩解環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題有著重要的意義。如今飛輪儲(chǔ)能正朝著大功率、大容量的方向發(fā)展,飛輪體積、重量和轉(zhuǎn)速的增大直接影響支撐系統(tǒng)的壽命,從而限制了儲(chǔ)能容量的提升,儲(chǔ)能飛輪的支撐問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為飛輪技術(shù)發(fā)展的瓶頸。本文針對(duì)儲(chǔ)能飛輪的支撐系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了相關(guān)問(wèn)題得研究。 針對(duì)立式結(jié)構(gòu)飛輪轉(zhuǎn)子由于重量大而產(chǎn)生過(guò)大的靜態(tài)載荷問(wèn)題,采用永磁卸載的支撐方案,卸去需要混合支撐中機(jī)械軸承承受的大部分重量,提高機(jī)械軸承的壽命。比較了不同磁極排布的卸載軸承的力密度,得出了徑向磁化永磁卸載軸承卸載能力強(qiáng)的結(jié)論。對(duì)所研究的飛輪轉(zhuǎn)子徑向磁化永磁卸載軸承進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),利用有限元計(jì)算分析了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與力密度和永磁體卸載質(zhì)量比的關(guān)系。 研究了飛輪支撐系統(tǒng)阻尼器對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)力學(xué)行為的影響,利用拉格朗日方程對(duì)儲(chǔ)能飛輪的轉(zhuǎn)子-支撐系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)學(xué)建模和求解方法的研究。以數(shù)學(xué)模型為基礎(chǔ)計(jì)算了阻尼器阻尼系數(shù)對(duì)臨界轉(zhuǎn)速和模態(tài)阻尼比的影響。針對(duì)飛輪在臨界轉(zhuǎn)速的共振問(wèn)題,研究了單阻尼器和雙阻尼器的阻尼系數(shù)和作用位置對(duì)振動(dòng)的抑制作用。 計(jì)算分析了支撐系統(tǒng)電磁阻尼器結(jié)構(gòu)和設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)對(duì)阻尼系數(shù)的影響。為了避免3D有限元的計(jì)算的復(fù)雜性,用本質(zhì)相同的平板型被動(dòng)電磁阻尼器代替實(shí)際的磁環(huán)阻尼器進(jìn)行計(jì)算分析。研究了阻尼器的阻尼系數(shù)與振動(dòng)頻率的關(guān)系,得出了阻尼系數(shù)的頻率特性。 為了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究支撐系統(tǒng)的效果,對(duì)徑向位移傳感器用線性差動(dòng)變壓器進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)和輸出特性的研究。分析了線性差動(dòng)變壓器的原理和在電壓源、電流源激勵(lì)下的輸出電壓。最后對(duì)線性變壓器的輸出特性進(jìn)行了有限元計(jì)算。
[Abstract]:Flywheel energy storage system has the advantages of high power density, high energy density, short charge and discharge time, no pollution, high efficiency and long life. It is of great significance to save energy and alleviate environmental pollution. Nowadays, flywheel energy storage is developing in the direction of high power and large capacity. The increase of flywheel volume, weight and speed directly affects the life of support system, which limits the increase of energy storage capacity. The support problem of energy storage flywheel has become the bottleneck of the development of flywheel technology. In this paper, the related problems of the energy storage flywheel supporting system are studied. Aiming at the problem of excessive static load caused by the heavy weight of the vertical flywheel rotor, a permanent magnet unloading support scheme is adopted to remove most of the weight of the mechanical bearing in the mixed support and to improve the life of the mechanical bearing. The force density of unloading bearing with different magnetic pole arrangement is compared, and the conclusion that the unloading ability of radial magnetized permanent magnet unloading bearing is strong is obtained. The radial magnetized permanent magnet unloading bearing of the flywheel rotor is designed, and the relationship between the structural parameters and the force density and the unloading mass ratio of the permanent magnet is analyzed by finite element method. The influence of the damper of flywheel support system on the dynamic behavior of rotor is studied. The mathematical modeling and solving method of rotor-support system of flywheel are studied by using Lagrange equation. Based on the mathematical model, the influence of damper damping coefficient on critical speed and modal damping ratio is calculated. Aiming at the resonance of flywheel at critical speed, the damping coefficient and position of single damper and double damper are studied. The influence of structure and design parameters of electromagnetic damper on damping coefficient of bracing system is calculated and analyzed. In order to avoid the complexity of 3D finite element calculation, a flat plate passive electromagnetic damper with the same essence is used instead of the actual magnetic ring damper for calculation and analysis. The relationship between damping coefficient and vibration frequency of damper is studied, and the frequency characteristic of damping coefficient is obtained. In order to study the effect of support system experimentally, the design and output characteristics of linear differential transformer for radial displacement sensor are studied. The principle of linear differential transformer and the output voltage under the excitation of voltage source and current source are analyzed. Finally, the output characteristics of linear transformer are calculated by finite element method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH133.3

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