【摘要】：振動(dòng)是機(jī)械設(shè)備運(yùn)行中常見的問題，隨著工業(yè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，對(duì)機(jī)械設(shè)備提出了微振動(dòng)、低噪音的要求，設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)也要求有比較高的抗振能力，因此要進(jìn)行機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)的振動(dòng)分析，改善設(shè)備的抗振性能。這就需要對(duì)機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)的振動(dòng)強(qiáng)度、頻率及動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)特性等因素進(jìn)行測(cè)試分析，以便了解設(shè)備的振動(dòng)狀態(tài)，尋找出振源，進(jìn)而采取合理的減振措施。 系統(tǒng)以簡(jiǎn)支梁為振動(dòng)模型，對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析，，首先進(jìn)行了理論計(jì)算，得出了簡(jiǎn)支梁的前三階固有頻率,為振動(dòng)測(cè)試實(shí)時(shí)分析系統(tǒng)做了理論上的準(zhǔn)備。 振動(dòng)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)由三大部分組成：傳感器、數(shù)據(jù)采集板和上位機(jī)。傳感器采用的是壓電加速度傳感器,二線制，DC4-20mA信號(hào)輸出；數(shù)據(jù)采集板硬件采用了以32位的ARMcortex-M3為核心的STM32F103系列微處理器，采集板主要包括信號(hào)調(diào)理、AD采樣和信號(hào)傳輸?shù)葐卧�；上位機(jī)采用美國(guó)NI公司開發(fā)的虛擬儀器LabVIEW軟件為平臺(tái)，利用其可視化的圖形編程方法編寫了振動(dòng)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)軟件，結(jié)合NI-VISA節(jié)點(diǎn)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)USB2.0協(xié)議，與數(shù)據(jù)采集板通過USB進(jìn)行通信，形成了基于STM32的振動(dòng)測(cè)試實(shí)時(shí)分析系統(tǒng)。 系統(tǒng)將傳感器輸出的電流值信號(hào)，經(jīng)電流至電壓的轉(zhuǎn)換處理，送往儀表放大器AD620進(jìn)行信號(hào)放大，經(jīng)微處理器AD采樣轉(zhuǎn)換，利用USB總線將數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)缴衔粰C(jī)進(jìn)行分析。論文對(duì)簡(jiǎn)支梁進(jìn)行了振動(dòng)測(cè)試，利用所開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)對(duì)簡(jiǎn)支梁振動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了處理，給出了時(shí)域和頻域的圖形顯示及前三階固有頻率的測(cè)試結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Vibration is a common problem in the operation of machinery and equipment. With the development of industrial technology, the requirements of micro vibration and low noise are put forward for machinery and equipment. Therefore, the vibration analysis of the mechanical structure should be carried out to improve the anti-vibration performance of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to test and analyze the vibration intensity, frequency and dynamic response characteristics of the mechanical structure in order to understand the vibration state of the equipment, find out the vibration source, and then take reasonable measures to reduce the vibration. The system takes the simply supported beam as the vibration model and analyzes it. Firstly, the theoretical calculation is carried out, and the first three natural frequencies of the simply supported beam are obtained, which makes a theoretical preparation for the real time vibration analysis system. The vibration test system consists of three parts: sensor, data acquisition board and upper computer. The sensor is piezoelectric acceleration sensor, two-wire system, DC4-20mA signal output; The hardware of the data acquisition board adopts STM32F103 series microprocessor with 32-bit ARMcortex-M3 as the core. The acquisition board mainly includes signal conditioning, AD sampling and signal transmission. The host computer uses the virtual instrument LabVIEW software developed by NI Company of USA as the platform, using its visual graphic programming method to compile the vibration test system software, combining the NI-VISA node and the standard USB2.0 protocol. The real-time vibration analysis system based on STM32 is formed by communicating with data acquisition board through USB. The output current signal of the sensor is transmitted to the instrument amplifier AD620 for signal amplification through the conversion of current to voltage. The signal is sampled and converted by microprocessor AD. The data is transmitted to the upper computer by USB bus for analysis. In this paper, the vibration test of simply supported beam is carried out, and the experimental data of simple supported beam are processed by using the developed system. The graphical display of time domain and frequency domain and the test results of the first three natural frequencies are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH113.1;TB53

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