【摘要】：軸承是機(jī)械系統(tǒng)中應(yīng)用最為廣泛的一種通用零部件，其運(yùn)行狀態(tài)好壞將直接影響系統(tǒng)的安全性和可靠性。對(duì)軸承運(yùn)行狀態(tài)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)，可避免因軸承突然失效造成的災(zāi)難性事故。 智能軸承技術(shù)是最近發(fā)展起來(lái)的新技術(shù)與新方法，通過(guò)多傳感器與軸承的融合，使軸承了具備運(yùn)行狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)能力。智能軸承是在傳統(tǒng)軸承的基礎(chǔ)上集成傳感器，形成智能軸承結(jié)構(gòu)。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究主要集中在軸承內(nèi)集成壓電式加速度傳感器，獲取振動(dòng)信號(hào)。但是，基于壓電式加速度傳感器的智能軸承狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)與故障診斷存在高頻噪聲干擾，處理效率低，監(jiān)測(cè)參量單一，以及破壞軸承結(jié)構(gòu)等缺點(diǎn)和問(wèn)題。 針對(duì)目前研究存在的問(wèn)題，本文以雙列圓柱滾子軸承為研究對(duì)象，闡述了其故障信號(hào)特征。設(shè)計(jì)了應(yīng)用于滾動(dòng)軸承運(yùn)行狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)與故障診斷的新型應(yīng)變式三軸加速度傳感器，并將其與轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器及溫度傳感器集成，形成多參量傳感器與軸承結(jié)合的智能軸承結(jié)構(gòu)。經(jīng)臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，有效的實(shí)現(xiàn)了軸承低頻加速度信息及實(shí)時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速信息和溫度信息的提取。主要開(kāi)展了如下工作： ①提出和設(shè)計(jì)了新型應(yīng)變式三軸加速度傳感器結(jié)構(gòu)，建立新型三軸應(yīng)變式傳感器的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型，運(yùn)用正交實(shí)驗(yàn)法，優(yōu)選了參數(shù)選擇方案，分析了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)傳感器固有頻率和靈敏度及其綜合性能指標(biāo)的影響； ②通過(guò)建立應(yīng)變式三軸加速度傳感器的有限元模型，對(duì)傳感器動(dòng)態(tài)性能進(jìn)行仿真分析，驗(yàn)證了三軸應(yīng)變式加速度傳感器動(dòng)力學(xué)模型的正確性； ③完成了新型應(yīng)變式三軸加速度傳感器的實(shí)體加工，通過(guò)傳感器標(biāo)定實(shí)驗(yàn)，確定了應(yīng)變式三軸加速度傳感器的靈敏度； ④設(shè)計(jì)了一種集成三軸應(yīng)變式加速度傳感器、轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器以及溫度傳感器的多參量傳感器結(jié)構(gòu)，完成了智能軸承樣機(jī)的試制，沒(méi)有破壞軸承的完整性，，確保了軸承的使用性能； ⑤設(shè)計(jì)并搭建智能軸承故障模擬試驗(yàn)臺(tái)，完成了臺(tái)架故障模擬試驗(yàn)，驗(yàn)證了基于應(yīng)變式三軸加速度傳感器的智能軸承內(nèi)圈故障診斷的有效性。 智能軸承技術(shù)今后的發(fā)展方向是將其擴(kuò)展到其它各種類型的軸承運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的監(jiān)測(cè)與故障診斷領(lǐng)域，具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Bearing is one of the most widely used universal components in mechanical system. Its running condition will directly affect the safety and reliability of the system. The real-time monitoring of bearing operation can avoid the catastrophic accident caused by the sudden failure of bearing. Intelligent bearing technology is a new technology and method developed recently. Through the fusion of multi-sensor and bearing, the bearing has the ability to monitor the running state. Intelligent bearing is based on the traditional bearing integrated sensors, forming intelligent bearing structure. At present, the research at home and abroad mainly focuses on the integration of piezoelectric accelerometers in bearings to obtain vibration signals. However, the intelligent bearing state monitoring and fault diagnosis based on piezoelectric accelerometer have some shortcomings and problems, such as high frequency noise interference, low processing efficiency, single monitoring parameters, and failure of bearing structure. Aiming at the problems existing in the present research, the fault signal characteristics of double row cylindrical roller bearing are discussed in this paper. A new strain type three-axis acceleration sensor is designed for monitoring and fault diagnosis of rolling bearing. The sensor is integrated with speed sensor and temperature sensor to form an intelligent bearing structure which combines multi-parameter sensor and bearing. The low frequency acceleration information, real time speed information and temperature information of bearing are effectively extracted by bench test. The main works are as follows: 1. A new strain triaxial acceleration sensor structure is proposed and designed. The dynamic model of a new triaxial strain sensor is established, and the parameter selection scheme is selected by orthogonal experiment. The influence of structural parameters on the natural frequency, sensitivity and comprehensive performance of the sensor is analyzed. (2) by establishing the finite element model of the strain triaxial acceleration sensor, the dynamic performance of the sensor is simulated and analyzed, and the correctness of the dynamic model of the triaxial strain acceleration sensor is verified. (3) the solid processing of the new strain triaxial acceleration sensor is completed, and the sensitivity of the strain triaxial acceleration sensor is determined by the calibration experiment of the sensor. 4. A multi-parameter sensor structure integrated with triaxial strain acceleration sensor, rotational speed sensor and temperature sensor is designed. The intelligent bearing prototype is trial-produced without destroying the integrity of the bearing. Ensure the bearing performance; (5) designed and built the intelligent bearing fault simulation test-bed, completed the bench fault simulation test, and verified the validity of the intelligent bearing inner ring fault diagnosis based on the strain three-axis acceleration sensor. The future development of intelligent bearing technology is to extend it to other kinds of bearing operation state monitoring and fault diagnosis, which has a broad application prospect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH165.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 任達(dá)千;張耀;張偉中;趙光良;;嵌入式智能滑動(dòng)軸承研究[J];輕工機(jī)械;2015年06期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 殷德龍;振動(dòng)機(jī)械滾動(dòng)軸承早期故障信號(hào)的提取與分析[D];西安建筑科技大學(xué);2016年

本文編號(hào)：2311799