【摘要】：葉輪機械作為以連續(xù)旋轉葉片為做功載體,使能量在流體工質與軸動力之間相互轉換的能源利用裝置之一,廣泛應用于能源、電力、石油化工、交通運輸?shù)葒窠?jīng)濟及國防軍事領域。從國家重大裝備制造業(yè)和現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟需求來看,葉輪機械向高性能參數(shù)、高可靠性等方向發(fā)展是一個必然的趨勢。以應用在電力驅動的動車組上的牽引電機冷卻通風機為例,它具有占用空間小、耗功小、能為動車組牽引電機提供大流量、高全壓冷卻氣體的特點；又如被稱為核電站核島“心臟”的核反應堆冷卻劑泵,有在高溫、高壓、輻射環(huán)境下長期、安全、可靠地運行,并具有大流量和高揚程的苛刻性能要求。然而大流量高全壓葉輪機械內部流動較為復雜,使得核主泵在水力特性、安全可靠等方面設計難度較大,國內長期依靠進口,嚴重限制了我國核電發(fā)展進程。開發(fā)研制先進、高效、可靠的葉輪機械,可以彌補國內技術空白并替代國外進口產(chǎn)品,增強國產(chǎn)高性能參數(shù)葉輪機械國際市場競爭力,對我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展具有重要的意義。 論文圍繞“和諧號”某系列動車組牽引電機冷卻用通風機國產(chǎn)化任務進行研究,根據(jù)工程需要,對原進口風機及若干改型方案進行論證,進而通過一維設計初定所設計的新型風機的幾何參數(shù),利用三維數(shù)值模擬方法研究離心風機的內部流動并預測其性能；針對流場中存在的缺點,以提升風機效率、保證出口靜壓升、功率消耗最小及提升風機高可靠性運行為目標,對冷卻通風機重要過流部件葉輪、進口流道和擴壓通道進行深入分析及改型,并將最佳方案制造樣機,完成性能試驗,實驗結果顯示：自主設計的動車組牽引電機冷卻風機滿足國內“和諧號”某系列動車組冷卻設計需要,并通過“機械工業(yè)風機產(chǎn)品質量監(jiān)督檢驗中心”性能檢驗,可以替代進口,現(xiàn)已批量生產(chǎn)并投入使用,完成了該系列動車組牽引電機冷卻用通風機國產(chǎn)化設計工作。 在總結大流量高全壓冷卻風機的設計經(jīng)驗基礎上,針對AP1000核主泵葉輪葉片前緣部分形狀進行優(yōu)化研究�；贒esign3D優(yōu)化設計平臺,以總絕熱多變效率最大化為目標函數(shù),研究沿葉高不同葉片前緣形狀變化規(guī)律,為改善核主泵氣動性能提供設計依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Turbomachinery is one of the energy utilizing devices which use continuous rotating blades as work carriers to convert energy between fluid and shaft power. It is widely used in energy, power, petrochemical, transportation and other national economic and defense military fields. It is an inevitable trend to develop toward high performance parameters and high reliability. Take the traction motor cooling ventilator used in EMU as an example, it has the characteristics of small occupancy space, low power consumption, large flow and high total pressure cooling gas for traction motor of EMU, and is also called "heart" of nuclear island of nuclear power station. "The nuclear reactor coolant pump has long-term, safe and reliable operation under high temperature, high pressure and radiation environment, and has severe performance requirements of large flow rate and high head. Imports have severely restricted the development of nuclear power in China. The development of advanced, efficient and reliable turbomachineries can make up for the technical gap at home and replace foreign imports, and enhance the competitiveness of domestic turbomachineries with high performance parameters in the international market.
This paper focuses on the localization of the fan for traction motor cooling of a series of EMUs of "Harmony" and demonstrates the original imported fan and some modification schemes according to the engineering needs. Then, the geometric parameters of the new fan designed by one-dimensional design are initially determined, and the inner part of the centrifugal fan is studied by three-dimensional numerical simulation method. Aiming at the shortcomings of the flow field, the impeller, inlet runner and diffuser of the important flow passage parts of the cooling fan are analyzed and modified to ensure the efficiency of the fan, the static pressure rise at the outlet, the minimum power consumption and the high reliability of the fan. The experimental results show that the self-designed cooling fan for traction motor of EMU meets the cooling design requirements of a certain series of EMU "Harmony" in China, and can replace the imported one through the performance test of "Machinery Industry Fan Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center". Now it has been produced in batches and put into use, and the series of motor has been completed. Localization design of fan for traction motor cooling.
On the basis of summing up the design experience of high-flow and high-pressure cooling fan, the shape optimization of blade leading edge of AP1000 nuclear main pump impeller was studied. Based on the design 3D optimization design platform, the shape variation of blade leading edge along blade height was studied to improve the aerodynamic performance of nuclear main pump with the objective function of maximizing the total adiabatic efficiency. Provide basis for design.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH122

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