發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-01 20:11

【摘要】：裝載機(jī)屬于鏟土運(yùn)輸類工程機(jī)械，具有作業(yè)速度快、效率高、機(jī)動(dòng)性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，因而成為工程現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工的主要機(jī)種之一。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋作為裝載機(jī)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)部件，準(zhǔn)確的激勵(lì)載荷分析和動(dòng)力學(xué)響應(yīng)分析是進(jìn)行驅(qū)動(dòng)橋動(dòng)態(tài)特性分析的基礎(chǔ)，利用虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)來分析預(yù)測(cè)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋傳動(dòng)部件的動(dòng)力學(xué)響應(yīng)可以提高其傳動(dòng)性能、縮短研發(fā)周期等；驅(qū)動(dòng)橋橋殼支撐著裝載機(jī)的荷重，并將載荷傳給車輪，并且承受來自路面和裝載機(jī)本身的各種沖擊和作用，根據(jù)實(shí)踐總結(jié)，引起橋殼破壞的主要形式是交變載荷作用下?lián)p傷長(zhǎng)期積累而導(dǎo)致的疲勞失效。 本文以裝載機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋?yàn)檠芯繉?duì)象，結(jié)合浙江省科技廳重大科技專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目（2009C11111）“輪式裝載機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究與產(chǎn)業(yè)化”，對(duì)ZL50型驅(qū)動(dòng)橋進(jìn)行了動(dòng)力學(xué)特性分析及橋殼疲勞壽命預(yù)測(cè)的研究。首先利用UG建立了驅(qū)動(dòng)橋各零部件的三維實(shí)體模型并進(jìn)行裝配，進(jìn)行了其運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)理論分析�？紤]了橋殼和半軸的柔性效應(yīng)，通過建立橋殼和半軸的模態(tài)中性文件將其作為柔性體，并根據(jù)裝載機(jī)某種實(shí)際行駛工況，建立輪胎和路面譜，在Adams中得到驅(qū)動(dòng)橋剛?cè)狁詈隙囿w動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真模型，并進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析，得到了驅(qū)動(dòng)橋傳動(dòng)系的一些動(dòng)態(tài)特性，仿真結(jié)果與理論吻合。由于裝載機(jī)行駛工況比較復(fù)雜，本文針對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋通過某種仿真路面的動(dòng)力學(xué)分析對(duì)主要承載部件驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼進(jìn)行了動(dòng)態(tài)安全性分析，得到其動(dòng)載荷文件，結(jié)合Ansys對(duì)橋殼進(jìn)行了有限元靜力學(xué)分析，利用分析結(jié)果得到的橋殼的應(yīng)力譜，在nSoft的疲勞分析模塊中，對(duì)橋殼進(jìn)行了基于有限元模型的疲勞壽命預(yù)估，得到了橋殼疲勞壽命云圖及最低疲勞壽命。 針對(duì)上述橋殼疲勞壽命理論的計(jì)算結(jié)果，本文對(duì)裝載機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋橋殼的實(shí)際工況進(jìn)行了動(dòng)力學(xué)測(cè)試，對(duì)采集到的載荷數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析，利用Nsoft的數(shù)據(jù)處理模塊，對(duì)測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了雨流計(jì)數(shù)處理，，得到其各采樣點(diǎn)應(yīng)力-時(shí)間歷程的雨流/損傷直方圖和損傷時(shí)間歷程，并進(jìn)行了基于實(shí)測(cè)載荷譜的橋殼疲勞壽命計(jì)算分析，最后與理論計(jì)算的結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比較。 本文對(duì)裝載機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的動(dòng)力學(xué)特性分析及橋殼疲勞壽命預(yù)測(cè)的研究為進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行驅(qū)動(dòng)橋優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)打下了基礎(chǔ),也為其它車輛機(jī)械零部件的動(dòng)力學(xué)特性分析和抗疲勞設(shè)計(jì)提供了參考。
[Abstract]:Loader is a kind of construction machinery of shoveling and transportation, which has the advantages of fast working speed, high efficiency, good mobility and so on, so it has become one of the main construction machines in engineering field. As the key structural component of the loader transmission system, the driving axle is based on the accurate analysis of the excitation load and the dynamic response of the drive axle. Using virtual prototyping technology to analyze and predict the dynamic response of drive axle transmission components can improve its transmission performance, shorten the research and development period, etc. The drive axle housing supports the load of the loader and passes the load to the wheel. And bear all kinds of impact and action from road surface and loader itself. According to practice, the main form of bridge shell failure is fatigue failure caused by long-term accumulation of damage under alternating load. This paper takes the loader drive axle as the research object, combined with the important science and technology special project of Zhejiang Science and Technology Department (2009C11111), "the key Technology Research and industrialization of the Wheel Loader Drive Axle", The dynamic characteristics of ZL50 type drive axle and the prediction of fatigue life of the axle shell are studied. Firstly, the 3D solid model of the parts of the drive axle is built and assembled by UG, and the kinematics and dynamics theory is analyzed. Considering the flexibility effect of axle shell and axle, the modal neutral file of bridge housing and half shaft is established as flexible body, and the tire and road surface spectrum are established according to some actual driving condition of loader. The multi-body dynamics simulation model of rigid and flexible coupling of drive axle is obtained in Adams. The kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis are carried out, and some dynamic characteristics of drive axle transmission system are obtained. The simulation results are in agreement with the theory. Because the driving condition of loader is quite complex, the dynamic safety analysis of driving axle shell of main bearing parts is carried out through dynamic analysis of some kind of simulated road surface in this paper, and the dynamic load file is obtained. The finite element static analysis of the bridge shell is carried out with Ansys. The fatigue life of the bridge shell is predicted based on the finite element model in the fatigue analysis module of nSoft by using the stress spectrum of the bridge shell obtained from the analysis results. The fatigue life cloud diagram and the minimum fatigue life of the bridge shell are obtained. According to the calculation results of the fatigue life theory of the axle housing mentioned above, the dynamic test of the actual working condition of the axle shell of the loader drive axle is carried out in this paper, the load data collected is analyzed in detail, and the data processing module of Nsoft is used. The rain flow / damage histogram and damage time history of each sampling point are obtained by rain flow counting, and the fatigue life of the bridge shell is calculated and analyzed based on the measured load spectrum. Finally, the results are compared with the theoretical results. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of the drive axle of the loader and the prediction of fatigue life of the axle shell are studied, which lays a foundation for the further optimization design of the drive axle. It also provides reference for dynamic characteristic analysis and fatigue resistance design of other vehicle mechanical parts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH243

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周堯;高頻沖擊下鑿巖臺(tái)車鉆臂動(dòng)態(tài)特性研究[D];西南交通大學(xué);2013年

本文編號(hào)：2218224