【摘要】：長距離帶式輸送機廣泛應用于電廠，采礦，碼頭等工礦企業(yè)，具有輸送能力大，污染小，壽命長等特點；主要包括：鋼芯輸送帶，交流電動機，減速機，盤式制動器，，液壓拉緊，變頻器，跑偏及撕裂保護裝置等。為減少輸送帶啟動和運行張力，該系統(tǒng)通常采用多個大功率交流電動機驅(qū)動，電動機布置在不同的地方，如：頭部，尾部，中部等。由于鋼芯輸送帶具有較大的粘彈性，在啟動和運行階段，系統(tǒng)會產(chǎn)生較大的張力波；張力波沿輸送帶傳播過程引起輸送帶的振動，影響系統(tǒng)的啟動的平穩(wěn)性，運行安全性，嚴重時會導致頻繁的停車事故。由于電動機，減速機等機電設備的特性差異，及圍包角的差異會導致系統(tǒng)中各電動機功率分配不均衡；這些電動機的不均衡性會產(chǎn)生更嚴重的張力波動過程。因此，多個電動機的功率平衡問題對輸送機的安全運行有著非常重要的理論意義和應用價值。 論文首先介紹了長距離帶式輸送機的組成部分及關(guān)鍵部件的數(shù)學模型，主要包括：張緊裝置，電動機，變頻器，及輸送帶。采用有限元方法分析了輸送機帶的動力學模型；為簡化仿真的復雜度，考慮了變頻器和電動機的等效模型。 然后基于功率分配的穩(wěn)態(tài)模型，分析了功率不平衡的原因及現(xiàn)象；討論了功率不平衡的動態(tài)過程特性。設計出了功率平衡控制策略，并給出了一個功率平衡控制器，討論了該功率平衡控制器的結(jié)構(gòu)和計算過程。 最后，基于仿真模型給出了仿真結(jié)果，仿真表明該功率平衡器解決了功率均衡分配的問題，并具有較好的動態(tài)特性。文章的最后還討論了一個工程應用情況。 論文工作的主要創(chuàng)新點在于：設計了輸送機系統(tǒng)的功率分配的穩(wěn)態(tài)模型和動態(tài)模型，該模型不但可以定性的分析功率不平衡的原因，也可以動態(tài)的仿真功率分配過程中的動態(tài)特性。
[Abstract]:Long distance belt conveyors are widely used in power plants, mining, wharf and other industrial and mining enterprises, with large transportation capacity, small pollution, long life and so on, including: steel core conveyor belt, AC motor, reducer, disc brake, etc. Hydraulic tension, frequency converter, deviation and tear protection device. In order to reduce the starting and running tension of the conveyor belt, the system is usually driven by several high power AC motors, which are arranged in different places, such as head, tail, middle and so on. Because of the large viscoelasticity of the steel core conveyor belt, the system will produce larger tension wave in the starting and running stage, and the tension wave will cause the vibration of the conveyor belt in the process of spreading along the conveyor belt, which will affect the stability of the system starting and the running safety. Serious accidents can lead to frequent parking accidents. Because of the characteristic difference of electromechanical equipment such as motor, reducer, and the difference of circumference angle, the power distribution of each motor in the system will be unbalanced, and the unbalance of these motors will produce more serious tension fluctuation process. Therefore, the power balance of multiple motors is of great theoretical significance and practical value for the safe operation of conveyors. This paper first introduces the components of long distance belt conveyor and the mathematical model of the key parts, including: tensioning device, motor, frequency converter, and conveyor belt. The dynamic model of conveyor belt is analyzed by finite element method, and the equivalent model of frequency converter and motor is considered to simplify the complexity of simulation. Then, based on the steady-state model of power distribution, the causes and phenomena of power imbalance are analyzed, and the dynamic process characteristics of power imbalance are discussed. A power balance control strategy is designed and a power balance controller is given. The structure and calculation process of the power balance controller are discussed. Finally, the simulation results are given based on the simulation model. The simulation results show that the power balancer solves the problem of power equalization allocation and has better dynamic characteristics. Finally, an engineering application is discussed. The main innovation of this paper is that the steady model and dynamic model of power distribution of conveyer system are designed. This model can not only analyze the cause of power imbalance qualitatively. Dynamic characteristics of power allocation can also be simulated dynamically.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH222

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