【摘要】：振動機(jī)械是我國發(fā)展非常迅速的一種機(jī)械,已廣泛運(yùn)用于冶金、煤炭、電力、公共交通、輕工、糧食加工等行業(yè)中,用以完成各種不同工藝過程。目前對該類機(jī)械支承剛度的設(shè)計(jì)大多仍然采用經(jīng)驗(yàn)與簡單計(jì)算相結(jié)合的方法。為了方便分析,把支承剛度線性化。一般來講,線性系統(tǒng)只適用于小運(yùn)動范圍,超出這一范圍,按線性問題處理就不僅在量上會引起較大誤差,而且有時(shí)還會出現(xiàn)本質(zhì)上的差異。支承剛度是振動機(jī)械主要的動力學(xué)參數(shù)之一,對振動機(jī)械的動力學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)和動力學(xué)特性具有較大的影響。因此,若要進(jìn)一步提高系統(tǒng)剛度的設(shè)計(jì)水平,則必須將系統(tǒng)剛度的非線性特性考慮進(jìn)去。 本文對慣性往復(fù)振動機(jī)械非線性支承剛度的研究進(jìn)行總結(jié)和歸納,針對研究不足之處,進(jìn)行近一步的研究,主要研究成果如下： 1.以慣性往復(fù)振動機(jī)械用復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)橡膠彈簧為研究對象,利用Ansys有限元軟件建立橡膠彈簧的軸對稱有限元模型。對模型進(jìn)行不同軸向靜載荷的非線性有限元靜力分析,可總結(jié)出橡膠彈簧軸向變形與載荷的非線性關(guān)系。通過與橡膠彈簧實(shí)驗(yàn)測試結(jié)果的對比,驗(yàn)證上述有限元分析方法的可行性和正確性。為復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)橡膠彈簧的設(shè)計(jì)、剛度特性分析提供一種有效的方法。并且獲得橡膠彈簧軸向變形的剛度公式,為慣性往復(fù)振動機(jī)械的非線性動力學(xué)分析奠定基礎(chǔ)。 2.建立慣性往復(fù)振動機(jī)械線性、硬特性和軟特性支承剛度數(shù)學(xué)模型。通過動力學(xué)分析,得出線性、硬特性和軟特性支承系統(tǒng)振動體位移曲線和傳遞力曲線。對比線性、硬特性和軟特性支承剛度對系統(tǒng)共振振幅和隔振效果的影響,確定了軟特性剛度曲線為較理想的支承剛度特性曲線。 3.以獲得理想支承剛度曲線作為橡膠彈簧設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo)剛度曲線,通過調(diào)整橡膠彈簧的形狀及結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)出具有與理想剛度曲線較好吻合的橡膠彈簧。
[Abstract]:Vibration machinery has been widely used in metallurgy, coal, electric power, public transportation, light industry, grain processing and other industries. At present, the design of this kind of mechanical support stiffness is still based on the combination of experience and simple calculation. In order to facilitate the analysis, the support stiffness is linearized. Generally speaking, the linear system is only suitable for small motion range, beyond this range, the linear problem processing will not only cause large errors in quantity, but also sometimes there will be essential differences. Bearing stiffness is one of the main dynamic parameters of vibration machinery, which has great influence on the dynamic design and dynamic characteristics of vibration machinery. Therefore, in order to further improve the design level of the system stiffness, the nonlinear characteristics of the system stiffness must be taken into account. In this paper, the research of nonlinear support stiffness of inertial reciprocating vibration machinery is summarized and summarized. In view of the shortcomings of the research, a further study is carried out. The main research results are as follows: 1. The axisymmetric finite element model of rubber spring is established by using Ansys finite element software, taking the rubber spring of complex structure used in inertial reciprocating vibration machinery as the research object. The nonlinear finite element static analysis of the model with different axial static loads is carried out, and the nonlinear relationship between the axial deformation and the load of rubber spring can be summarized. The feasibility and correctness of the above finite element analysis method are verified by comparing with the experimental results of rubber spring. It provides an effective method for the design and stiffness analysis of rubber springs with complex structures. The stiffness formula of rubber spring axial deformation is obtained, which lays a foundation for nonlinear dynamic analysis of inertial reciprocating vibration machinery. A mathematical model of linear, hard and soft supporting stiffness of inertial reciprocating vibration mechanism is established. Through dynamic analysis, the displacement curve and transfer force curve of vibration body of linear, hard and soft supporting system are obtained. Compared with the influence of linear, hard and soft characteristic supporting stiffness on the resonance amplitude and vibration isolation effect of the system, the soft characteristic stiffness curve is determined to be an ideal supporting stiffness characteristic curve. 3. By adjusting the shape and structure parameters of the rubber spring, the rubber spring with ideal stiffness curve is designed by taking the ideal support stiffness curve as the target stiffness curve of the rubber spring design, and the rubber spring with good agreement with the ideal stiffness curve is designed by adjusting the shape and structure parameters of the rubber spring.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH113

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