本文選題：軸承球直徑測(cè)量 + 誤差分析��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代機(jī)械的高精尖進(jìn)程,機(jī)械零件的精度要求也愈加苛刻,軸承作為機(jī)械的關(guān)鍵零件,也受到了各國(guó)科研人員的重視�？刂魄蜉S承中軸承球球徑的一致性對(duì)保證軸承的性能至關(guān)重要。普通人工測(cè)徑效率低下,為提高軸承球直徑測(cè)量精度及分組效率,本文研制了可對(duì)軸承球直徑自動(dòng)精密測(cè)量并分組的儀器。 本文完成的研究?jī)?nèi)容為:在現(xiàn)有樣機(jī)基礎(chǔ)上,提出新的測(cè)量定位方案并設(shè)計(jì)出相關(guān)的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu);對(duì)比出四種球定位方式的定位穩(wěn)定性,采用CCD激光位移傳感器,對(duì)軸承球進(jìn)行被測(cè)球與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)球球徑差自動(dòng)測(cè)量;利用二次開(kāi)發(fā)的數(shù)據(jù)讀取及運(yùn)動(dòng)控制軟件,對(duì)被測(cè)球按精度分組;同時(shí),對(duì)測(cè)量部件進(jìn)行誤差分析,分析系統(tǒng)誤差成因及數(shù)值大小,計(jì)算測(cè)量定位各部件引起的測(cè)量不定度;對(duì)系統(tǒng)誤差進(jìn)行誤差補(bǔ)償,最終,校核總誤差。 通過(guò)以上的研究工作,提高了樣機(jī)的測(cè)量效率和重復(fù)測(cè)量精度: 測(cè)量效率方面,將測(cè)量方案由靜態(tài)測(cè)量改為動(dòng)態(tài)測(cè)量,有效的提高了測(cè)量效率、減少了分組時(shí)間。測(cè)量速度從原有的0.5球/min提高到1球/min。 重復(fù)測(cè)量精度方面,高精度V型塊及高精度三維位移平臺(tái)的應(yīng)用保證了定位精度,動(dòng)態(tài)測(cè)量方式提高了測(cè)值的穩(wěn)定性。重復(fù)測(cè)量精度從2μm提高到了0.8μm。 本文在上料及分組部件兩部分均設(shè)計(jì)了可替換零部件,適用5mm-20mm范圍的軸承球的測(cè)量要求。同時(shí),采取了一定的減振吸振措施,有效的降低了機(jī)械振動(dòng)對(duì)測(cè)量精度的影響。 通過(guò)對(duì)聯(lián)機(jī)后的整機(jī)進(jìn)行調(diào)試和實(shí)驗(yàn),測(cè)量精度及測(cè)量速度均達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)要求。
[Abstract]:With the advanced process of modern machinery, the precision requirements of mechanical parts become more and more stringent. Bearing, as the key part of machinery, has also been paid attention to by researchers all over the world. It is very important to control the consistency of ball diameter in ball bearing. In order to improve the measuring accuracy and grouping efficiency of bearing ball diameter, an instrument is developed for automatic precision measurement and grouping of bearing ball diameter. The contents of this paper are as follows: on the basis of the existing prototype, a new measuring and positioning scheme is put forward and the relative mechanical structure is designed, and the stability of the four spherical positioning methods is compared, and the CCD laser displacement sensor is used. The diameter difference between the measured ball and the standard ball is measured automatically, and the measured ball is grouped according to the precision by using the data reading and motion control software developed by the secondary development. At the same time, the error analysis of the measuring parts is carried out. The causes and numerical value of the system error are analyzed, the uncertainty caused by the measuring and positioning components is calculated, and the system error is compensated, finally, the total error is checked. Through the above research work, the measurement efficiency and repeated measurement accuracy of the prototype are improved. In the aspect of measurement efficiency, the measurement scheme is changed from static to dynamic measurement, which effectively improves the measuring efficiency and reduces the grouping time. The measuring speed increased from 0.5 ball / min to 1 / min. In the aspect of repeated measurement precision, the application of high-precision V-shaped block and high-precision three-dimensional displacement platform ensures the positioning accuracy, and the dynamic measurement method improves the stability of the measured value. The precision of repeated measurement is improved from 2 渭 m to 0.8 渭 m. In this paper, replaceable parts are designed in both feeding and grouping parts, which are suitable for the measurement of bearing ball in 5mm-20mm range. At the same time, some measures are taken to reduce the influence of mechanical vibration on measurement accuracy. Through the debugging and experiment of the whole machine, the measuring precision and the measuring speed are up to the design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH133.3;TG806

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