發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-18 10:01

  本文選題：螺旋油楔 + 滑動(dòng)軸承　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械的軸心軌跡作為轉(zhuǎn)子-軸承系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)狀態(tài)的一類重要圖形征兆,是滑動(dòng)軸承工作狀態(tài)的綜合反映。通過(guò)軸心軌跡可以確定軸承在工作時(shí)任一瞬時(shí)的油膜形狀和最小油膜厚度,清楚的反映軸承的潤(rùn)滑狀況,判定軸承工作的可靠性,確定實(shí)現(xiàn)軸承液體潤(rùn)滑條件下所必須的最小間隙與精度及潤(rùn)滑油粘度,確定軸承合適的進(jìn)油孔位置,分析與鑒別軸承故障等。因此,在滑動(dòng)軸承的研究中,軸心軌跡的研究占據(jù)著十分重要的位置,是軸承潤(rùn)滑分析的基礎(chǔ)。本課題結(jié)合一種新型螺旋油楔滑動(dòng)軸承支撐的轉(zhuǎn)子-軸承系統(tǒng),建立了非線性軸心軌跡的計(jì)算模型、計(jì)算了螺旋油楔滑動(dòng)軸承和普通圓軸承在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的軸心軌跡,并對(duì)軸心軌跡激振實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了仿真。 首先,基于軸頸慣性力、非線性油膜力和動(dòng)載荷之間的平衡關(guān)系,建立了滑動(dòng)軸承-轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)方程,并基于非線性理論,采用軸心位置配置技術(shù),建立了滑動(dòng)軸承軸心軌跡的非線性計(jì)算模型,計(jì)算出了軸承的非線性軸心軌跡。同時(shí),為便于比較,根據(jù)油膜力線性化方法,建立了軸心在平衡位置附近作小位移渦動(dòng)的線性分析模型,應(yīng)用偏導(dǎo)數(shù)法計(jì)算了軸心在平衡位置時(shí)油膜的剛度、阻尼系數(shù),再根據(jù)線性油膜剛度、阻尼系數(shù)計(jì)算了線性軸心軌跡。 其次,計(jì)算了螺旋角β=0.1～0.9時(shí),螺旋油楔軸承在n=6000r/min的軸心軌跡,得到了軸心在靜平衡位置的各項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)。通過(guò)比較這些數(shù)據(jù),分析了螺旋角對(duì)軸心軌跡的影響；計(jì)算了轉(zhuǎn)速不同時(shí)的軸心軌跡,得到了軸承系統(tǒng)的臨界轉(zhuǎn)速,并分析比較了不同轉(zhuǎn)速下滑動(dòng)軸承軸心軌跡的特征；最后通過(guò)頻譜分析比較了螺旋油楔軸承和普通圓軸承分別在各自的臨界轉(zhuǎn)速下軸心軌跡的特征。 再次,針對(duì)螺旋油楔和圓軸承兩種不同結(jié)構(gòu)的軸承,對(duì)比分析了正弦激振力作用下兩種軸承的軸心軌跡特征。分別研究了正弦載荷激勵(lì)下系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)過(guò)程和正弦激勵(lì)條件下系統(tǒng)的共振現(xiàn)象,采用MATLAB仿真計(jì)算得到了正弦載荷作用下系統(tǒng)的幅頻特性曲線和共振頻率。 最后,在滑動(dòng)軸承實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)上獲得實(shí)際的軸心軌跡。依據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟測(cè)試得到實(shí)際的軸心位移數(shù)據(jù)；通過(guò)對(duì)實(shí)測(cè)信號(hào)進(jìn)行FFT并分析,提取有用信號(hào),畫出實(shí)際軸心軌跡的圖形；利用實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)所做出的實(shí)際軌跡與本文理論計(jì)算得到的軸心軌跡進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。結(jié)果表明采用本文的研究方法得到的計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致。
[Abstract]:As a kind of important graphical sign of rotor bearing system vibration state, the axis track of rotating machinery is a comprehensive reflection of sliding bearing working state. Through the axis track, any instantaneous oil film shape and minimum oil film thickness can be determined, the lubrication condition of the bearing can be clearly reflected, and the reliability of the bearing can be determined. The minimum clearance, precision and viscosity of lubricating oil are determined to realize the liquid lubrication of bearing, the proper position of oil intake hole is determined, and the fault of bearing is analyzed and identified. Therefore, in the research of sliding bearing, the research of axis track occupies a very important position and is the basis of bearing lubrication analysis. In this paper, a new rotor-bearing system supported by spiral oil wedge sliding bearing is combined, and the nonlinear axis trajectory calculation model is established, and the axis track of spiral oil wedge sliding bearing and ordinary circular bearing at different rotational speeds is calculated. The experiment of axis trajectory excitation is simulated. First of all, based on the balance between journal inertia force, nonlinear oil film force and dynamic load, the motion equation of sliding bearing-rotor system is established. The nonlinear calculation model of the journal bearing's axis track is established, and the nonlinear axis track of the bearing is calculated. At the same time, for the sake of comparison, according to the linearization method of oil film force, the linear analysis model of small displacement vortex of axis near equilibrium position is established, and the stiffness and damping coefficient of oil film are calculated by using partial derivative method. Then the linear axis locus is calculated according to the linear oil film stiffness and damping coefficient. Secondly, the axis trajectory of spiral oil wedge bearing in n=6000r/min is calculated when the helical angle 尾 0. 1 0. 9 is 0. 9, and the data of axis center in static equilibrium position are obtained. By comparing these data, the influence of helical angle on the axis trajectory is analyzed, and the critical speed of the bearing system is obtained by calculating the axis trajectory with different rotational speeds, and the characteristics of the axis trajectory of the sliding bearing under different speeds are analyzed and compared. Finally, the characteristics of the axis locus of the spiral oil wedge bearing and the ordinary round bearing under their respective critical speeds are compared by spectrum analysis. Thirdly, for the two kinds of bearings with different structure of spiral oil wedge and circular bearing, the characteristics of the axis locus of the two kinds of bearings under the action of sinusoidal excitation force are compared and analyzed. The dynamic process of the system under sinusoidal load and the resonance phenomenon of the system under sinusoidal excitation are studied respectively. The amplitude-frequency characteristic curve and resonance frequency of the system under sinusoidal load are obtained by MATLAB simulation. Finally, the actual axis track is obtained on the sliding bearing test table. According to the experimental steps, the actual axial displacement data are obtained, the useful signals are extracted by FFT and analyzed, and the actual axis trajectory is drawn. The actual trajectory obtained from the experimental data is compared with the axis trajectory obtained by the theoretical calculation in this paper. The results show that the calculated results are consistent with the experimental results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH133.31

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本文編號(hào)：2035091