本文選題：行星齒輪 + 故障診斷�。� 參考：《南昌航空大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：行星齒輪傳動在機械設備中應用廣泛，行星齒輪的運行狀態(tài)對整個設備起著重要的作用，因此對行星齒輪運行狀態(tài)的在線監(jiān)測和故障診斷尤為重要。基于振動信號的故障診斷是齒輪故障診斷的常用方法。為此，本文提出了一種時域同步平均和窗函數相結合與改進獨立分量分析方法對行星齒輪振動信號進行提取和分離。主要內容如下： 1.對行星齒輪箱相關參數的計算，找出其傳動規(guī)律，根據某個特定的行星齒輪轉過最小圈數后回到起始點這一特性，利用光電編碼器與行星齒輪箱主軸同軸轉動以獲取整周期采集信號，采用時域同步平均方法進行去噪，研究窗函數泄露機理，提出時域同步平均與加窗相結合的方法對振動信號進行相加平均，分離出完整的行星輪信號； 2.為分離出有用的故障信號，研究快速獨立分量分析分離原理，對該算法中的目標函數下的非線性函數進行深入分析，發(fā)現原本算法中的三個非線性函數成分復雜，軟件計算緩慢，影響分離時間和效果，由于Huber-M函數的乘加特性，簡單易行，因此將其替換FastICA算法中的非線性函數，得到新的HM-FastICA算法，通過實驗分析，驗證其分離有效性； 3.優(yōu)化行星齒輪箱振動信號采集系統(tǒng)，，分析行星齒輪整生命周期振動信號，為較快得到破損狀態(tài)下的信號，本文通過人為損壞的方法破壞一個行星輪齒，為確保采樣信號的準確性，采用三個傳感器對其進行采集，采用時域同步平均和窗函數對采集的振動信號進行去噪和截取，實驗結果表明，該方法不僅能有效獲得36個行星輪信號，還能清晰反映當前行星齒的振動情況，說明該方法的有效性； 4.采用HM-FastICA分別對時域同步平均后的行星輪振動信號的時域和頻域信號進行故障分離。分離結果可知，HM-FastICA算法比FastICA算法分離出的信號效果精度更高，算法更為簡便且有用信號得到一定加強，從分離后的信號圖中可以看出嚙合頻率及其倍頻附近出現的調制信號可作為故障監(jiān)測的指標，分離結果能判別行星輪的工作情況，最后結合無量綱參數進行分析，從結果可知，峭度能反映當前輪齒的振動能量分布。
[Abstract]:Planetary gear transmission is widely used in mechanical equipment. The running state of planetary gear plays an important role in the whole equipment, so on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis of planetary gear is particularly important. Fault diagnosis based on vibration signal is a common method for gear fault diagnosis. In this paper, an improved independent component analysis (ICA) method is proposed to extract and separate the vibration signals of planetary gears by combining the time-domain synchronous averaging and window functions together with an improved independent component analysis (ICA) method. The main contents are as follows: 1. By calculating the relative parameters of the planetary gearbox, the transmission law is found out, according to the characteristic that a certain planetary gear turns the minimum number of circles and returns to the starting point. Using the coaxial rotation of the photoelectric encoder and the planetary gearbox spindle to obtain the whole cycle acquisition signal, the time-domain synchronous averaging method is used to de-noise, and the window function leakage mechanism is studied. The method of time-domain synchronous averaging and windowing is proposed to add average vibration signal to separate the whole planetary gear signal. 2. In order to isolate useful fault signals, the separation principle of fast independent component analysis (FICA) is studied, and the nonlinear function under the objective function of the algorithm is deeply analyzed. It is found that the three nonlinear function components in the original algorithm are complex. The calculation of the software is slow, which affects the separation time and effect. Because of the multiplicative and additive characteristics of the Huber-M function, it is easy to replace the nonlinear function in the FastICA algorithm, and a new HM-FastICA algorithm is obtained. The experimental results show that the separation is effective. 3. The vibration signal acquisition system of planetary gear box is optimized, and the whole life cycle vibration signal of planetary gear is analyzed. In order to get the signal under damaged condition quickly, a planetary gear tooth is destroyed by artificial damage method in this paper. In order to ensure the accuracy of the sampling signal, three sensors are used to collect the signal, and the time domain synchronous averaging and window function are used to de-noise and intercept the vibration signal. The experimental results show that, This method can not only effectively obtain 36 planetary gear signals, but also clearly reflect the vibration of the current planetary teeth, which shows the effectiveness of the method. 4. The time-domain and frequency-domain signals of planetary gear vibration are separated by HM-FastICA. The separation results show that the HM-FastICA algorithm is more accurate than the FastICA algorithm, and the algorithm is simpler and more useful than the FastICA algorithm. From the separated signal diagram, it can be seen that the meshing frequency and modulation signals near the octave frequency can be used as indicators for fault monitoring, and the separation results can be used to judge the working condition of the planetary gear. Finally, the dimensionless parameters are used to analyze the meshing frequency and the modulation signal near the octave frequency. Kurtosis can reflect the vibration energy distribution of the current gear teeth.
【學位授予單位】：南昌航空大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH132.425;TH165.3

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