本文選題：沼液沼渣 + 螺旋離心泵��； 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國農(nóng)村沼氣池?cái)?shù)量位居世界第一。但是隨著農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力的轉(zhuǎn)移,農(nóng)村沼氣工程面臨主要困境仍是出料難、攪拌難。因此,本課題提出使用液下螺旋離心泵輸送沼液沼渣,其研發(fā)對農(nóng)村沼氣池工程可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,并且有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。 首先,根依據(jù)我國農(nóng)村地區(qū)大力推廣的地下式沼氣池結(jié)構(gòu)形式以及容積,確定出了泵設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)�？紤]到沼氣發(fā)酵殘留物、農(nóng)戶用電容量、使用安全性等重要因素,泵的結(jié)構(gòu)形式為葉輪為螺旋葉輪,采用220v1.5kw單相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)作動(dòng)力機(jī)構(gòu)置于沼氣池外,泵潛入沼液內(nèi)工作。 其次,采用廣泛使用的速度系數(shù)法、相似換算法,開展了螺旋離心沼液沼渣泵葉輪和壓水室的水力設(shè)計(jì)。在水力設(shè)計(jì)中,考慮到了沼氣池料液中含有大量纖維雜質(zhì)、顆粒等固體懸浮物的特性,力求螺旋離心沼液沼渣泵具有良好的水力性能及其通流能量。 再其次,基于PRO/E軟件對螺旋離心沼液沼渣泵整體建模。針對各計(jì)算域的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),并結(jié)合網(wǎng)格劃分的要求,采用ICEM-CFD軟件并選用適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的四面體結(jié)構(gòu)化網(wǎng)格,對計(jì)算域作網(wǎng)格劃分。 最后,開展螺旋離心沼液沼渣泵內(nèi)部流場數(shù)值模擬。針對沼液沼渣含有大量纖維雜質(zhì)、顆粒等固體懸浮物,其內(nèi)殘存沼氣、有毒、難聞、成分不明的氣體,以及沼渣沼液中殘留的纖維雜質(zhì)、顆粒等固體懸浮物形狀不規(guī)則,將沼渣看作粒徑均勻的球形顆粒,且固體顆粒直徑分布在0.2～5mm之間,而顆粒半徑在2～3mm范圍內(nèi)的顆粒占60%以上研究了物料的顆粒直徑3mm固相體積濃度Cv為50%條件下,對泵性能影響規(guī)律；研究了設(shè)計(jì)工況下,顆粒直徑3mm固相體積濃度Cv分別為10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%和固相體積分?jǐn)?shù)分為50%固相顆粒中值粒徑d分別為1、2、3、4、5mm的時(shí),對泵揚(yáng)程、效率和軸功率的影響規(guī)律。研究表明： (1)清水介質(zhì)下螺旋離心沼液沼渣泵的流量Q=9.5m3/h時(shí),揚(yáng)程為H=5.31m,效率為,7=61.86%,達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)要求。 (2)泵輸送顆粒直徑3mm固相體積濃度Cv為50%物料時(shí),與輸送清水比較,在設(shè)計(jì)流量9.5m3/h時(shí),揚(yáng)程下降了約lm,效率下降了約4%,而軸功率增加了約O.1kw。 (3)顆粒直徑和固相體積分?jǐn)?shù)分對泵性能有明顯的影響,尤其固相體積分?jǐn)?shù)較高或相同固相體積分?jǐn)?shù)分較大固相顆粒粒徑,都能影響泵揚(yáng)程和效率。且固相體積分?jǐn)?shù)較高時(shí),軸功率較快上升,但軸功率的最大值未超過泵的配套功率1.5KW。 (4)螺旋葉片碰撞、摩擦主要部位是在螺旋葉片的背面附近和離心葉片的出口工作面附近。
[Abstract]:The number of rural biogas digesters in China ranks first in the world.However, with the transfer of rural labor force, the main dilemma of rural biogas engineering is still difficult to discharge materials and stir.Therefore, this paper puts forward that the research and development of biogas dregs with submerged helical centrifugal pump is of great practical significance for the sustainable development of rural biogas digesters, and has a broad application prospect.Firstly, the pump design parameters are determined according to the structure and volume of underground biogas digesters popularized in rural areas of China.Considering the important factors such as biogas fermentation residue, household electric capacity, safety in use, the structure of the pump is as follows: the impeller is a spiral impeller, the 220v1.5kw single-phase asynchronous motor is used as the power mechanism and is placed outside the biogas digester, and the pump sneaks into the biogas liquid to work.Secondly, the hydraulic design of impeller and water chamber of biogas residue pump with spiral centrifugal biogas liquid is carried out by using the widely used velocity coefficient method and similar conversion method.In hydraulic design, considering that there are a lot of fiber impurities and particles in the biogas digester, the biogas slag pump with screw centrifugal biogas liquid has good hydraulic performance and flowing energy.Secondly, based on PRO/E software, the whole model of biogas sludge pump with screw centrifugal biogas liquid is established.According to the structural characteristics of each computing domain and the requirements of grid division, the computational domain is meshed with ICEM-CFD software and tetrahedral structured grid with strong adaptability.Finally, numerical simulation of internal flow field of biogas sludge pump with helical centrifugal biogas liquid is carried out.In view of the fact that biogas residue contains a large amount of fiber impurities, particles and other solid suspensions, the residual biogas, toxic, unsmelling and unknown gases, as well as the fibrous impurities remaining in the biogas, particles and other solid suspended solids, are irregular in shape.The biogas residue was regarded as a spherical particle with uniform particle size, and the diameter of the solid particle was distributed between 0.2~5mm, and the particle radius in the range of 2~3mm was more than 60%. The particle diameter, 3mm, solid phase volume concentration (CV) of the material was 50%.The effect of particle diameter 3mm solid volume concentration (CV) on pump lift, efficiency and axial power was studied when the particle diameter 3mm solid volume concentration CV was 10% and 20%, respectively, when the solid phase volume fraction was 50% and the solid phase volume fraction was 50%, the median particle diameter d was 1 ~ 2 ~ 3 ~ 3 ~ 4 ~ 5 mm, respectively.Research shows that:(1) the flow rate Q=9.5m3/h of the helical centrifugal biogas sludge pump in clear water medium is 5.31 m, and the efficiency is 61.86 m, which meets the design requirements.(2) when the volume concentration of 3mm solid phase is 50%, when the pump conveys 50% solid volume concentration of particles, compared with the pure water, the lift decreases by about lm, the efficiency decreases by about 4 and the shaft power increases by about 0.1 kW when the design flow rate is 9.5m3/h.(3) the particle diameter and solid volume fraction have obvious influence on the pump performance, especially the higher solid volume fraction or larger solid particle size at the same solid volume fraction can affect the pump lift and efficiency.When the volume fraction of solid phase is high, the axial power increases rapidly, but the maximum value of the axial power does not exceed the matching power of the pump 1.5kW.The main parts of the friction are near the back side of the spiral blade and the exit face of the centrifugal blade.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH38

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