本文選題：仿真模型　切入點(diǎn)：AGV數(shù)量配置　出處：《上海交通大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：企業(yè)面臨著交貨期提前、客戶需求多樣化和產(chǎn)品生命周期縮短的壓力，因此縮短交貨期、提高資源利用率、降低生產(chǎn)成本、提高生產(chǎn)運(yùn)作的靈活性，，已成為保證企業(yè)市場競爭力的重要手段。本文以日本大金現(xiàn)有裝配車間為實(shí)際應(yīng)用背景，對該裝配車間存在的問題進(jìn)行有針對性的研究。通過解決這些問題來提高生產(chǎn)線效率，縮短生產(chǎn)周期，提高市場反應(yīng)能力。具體來說，論文主要內(nèi)容如下： (1)多品種混合裝配線仿真建模。針對該企業(yè)的空調(diào)裝配線是多品種混合裝配、車間調(diào)度邏輯復(fù)雜等特性，建立了面向?qū)ο蟮目照{(diào)裝配車間仿真模型。利用該仿真模型可以對生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃、車間布局方案等進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，也為后續(xù)研究的優(yōu)化方案驗(yàn)證提供一個(gè)平臺。 (2)配料區(qū)布料及并行機(jī)器調(diào)度優(yōu)化。由于裝配線節(jié)拍很快，對配料區(qū)的物料分揀速度有滿足節(jié)拍要求，提出以工人操作距離最短為目標(biāo)，對配料區(qū)的物料分布進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。對多并行機(jī)器組成的CellStation單元，提出了4類規(guī)則來對Cell Station進(jìn)行優(yōu)化調(diào)度，比較不同規(guī)則下的完工時(shí)間。 (3)多種類型AGV配置數(shù)量優(yōu)化。以生產(chǎn)線產(chǎn)能最大化為目標(biāo)，以生產(chǎn)工藝、AGV路徑、調(diào)度規(guī)則等為約束條件，建立了以AGV的數(shù)量為決策變量的數(shù)學(xué)模型來描述AGV的數(shù)量配置問題。針對該問題的復(fù)雜性，提出了基于仿真的優(yōu)化方法，其利用仿真模型模擬實(shí)際車間的AGV運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，并通過遺傳算法優(yōu)化AGV的配置數(shù)量，從而有效地提高了優(yōu)化結(jié)果的精度與優(yōu)化的速度。 (4)AGV環(huán)線路徑優(yōu)化。提出利用區(qū)域環(huán)思路設(shè)計(jì)無交叉、無碰撞堵塞的AGV路徑。由于區(qū)域環(huán)AGV路徑存在環(huán)間流以及環(huán)內(nèi)流平衡問題，以環(huán)間流最小為目標(biāo)，以環(huán)與環(huán)之間環(huán)內(nèi)流平衡等為約束，建立了以工位劃分為決策變量的數(shù)學(xué)模型。針對該問題是NP難問題，設(shè)計(jì)模擬退火算法來求解該模型。 (5)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)開發(fā)。通過對日本大金現(xiàn)有多品種混合裝配車間進(jìn)行仿真建模，基于QUEST二次開發(fā)，將仿真與優(yōu)化方法相結(jié)合進(jìn)行應(yīng)用，應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明研究優(yōu)化方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Enterprises are faced with the pressure of early delivery, diversification of customer demand and shortening of product life cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to shorten delivery time, improve resource utilization, reduce production cost, and improve flexibility of production operation.Has become an important means to ensure the competitiveness of enterprises in the market.In this paper, the existing assembly workshop in Japan is used as the practical application background, and the existing problems of the assembly workshop are studied.Solve these problems to improve production line efficiency, shorten production cycle, improve market responsiveness.Specifically, the main contents of the paper are as follows:Simulation modeling of multi-variety hybrid assembly line.An object-oriented simulation model of air conditioning assembly shop is established in view of the characteristics that the air conditioning assembly line of the enterprise is multi-variety hybrid assembly and the workshop scheduling logic is complex.The simulation model can be used to verify the production plan, workshop layout and so on. It also provides a platform for the optimization scheme verification of the following research.Distribution and parallel machine scheduling optimization in batching area.Because the assembly line beat is very fast and the speed of material sorting in the batching area can meet the requirements of the beat, it is proposed to optimize the distribution of materials in the batching area by taking the shortest operating distance of the workers as the goal.For the CellStation unit composed of multi-parallel machines, four kinds of rules are proposed to optimize the scheduling of Cell Station, and the completion time under different rules is compared.Optimization of the number of multiple types of AGV configurations.Taking the production line capacity maximization as the goal, taking the production process path and scheduling rules as the constraint conditions, a mathematical model with the quantity of AGV as the decision variable is established to describe the quantity allocation of AGV.Aiming at the complexity of the problem, an optimization method based on simulation is proposed. The simulation model is used to simulate the running state of AGV in the actual workshop, and the number of AGV configurations is optimized by genetic algorithm.Therefore, the precision and speed of optimization are improved effectively.Path optimization of AGV loop.This paper presents the design of AGV path without cross and collision by using the idea of region loop.Due to the problem of inter-annular flow and flow equilibrium in the AGV path of a region ring, a mathematical model is established in which the work station is divided as a decision variable, taking the minimum flow between the rings as the objective and the flow balance between the rings as the constraint.In view of the NP-hard problem, simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the model.Application system development.Based on the simulation modeling of the existing multi-variety hybrid assembly workshop in Dagin Japan and based on the secondary development of QUEST, the simulation and optimization methods are combined for application. The application results show the effectiveness of the research on the optimization method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH186

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