本文選題：精軋機　切入點：齒輪箱　出處：《東北大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：精軋機組是線材廠的關鍵設備,對精軋機組進行在線監(jiān)測,可以提前預知設備的工作狀態(tài)以及故障的發(fā)展趨勢,對保證企業(yè)的安全生產有重大意義。錐齒輪箱是精軋機的重要零部件,因此研究錐齒輪箱的診斷技術對于降低設備維修費用,提高產品質量和市場競爭力具有重要的工程應用價值。目前,國內比較通行的辦法是利用便攜式儀器,對關鍵設備進行點檢,按照一定周期采集設備的振動數據進行分析。但是,此種方法也存在一定局限性,如無法隨時對數據進行采集,導致對數據的分析缺少連續(xù)性等。 論文針對上述問題開展研究,設計開發(fā)了基于C/S模式的高速線材精軋機在線振動監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)利用安裝在設備上的振動傳感器對設備的振動數據進行采集分析后以曲線形式反映在系統(tǒng)工作站,起到提前對故障進行預警的作用。 論文在參閱國內外相關最新研究成果的基礎上,首先,針對軋機生產線的關鍵設備——錐齒輪箱,重點討論了錐齒輪箱主要零部件滾動軸承和齒輪的常見故障形式、故障特征頻率,討論了齒輪箱振動信號調幅和調頻的產生機理,并針對某鋼高線廠的高速線材軋機,計算了某架機組的故障特征頻率。 論文闡述了常見振動信號的特征提取方法,主要包括振動信號時域波形分析、統(tǒng)計指標分析、幅值譜和包絡譜分析、自相關分析和小波分析等。為后續(xù)的在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)開發(fā)及故障診斷奠定了理論基礎。針對高速線材軋機錐齒輪箱的特點,設計了在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的總體方案,完成了精軋機設備實時在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)。整個系統(tǒng)分為機組管理、數據采集、在線監(jiān)測等幾個功能模塊,采用統(tǒng)計棒圖、波形圖、頻譜圖和趨勢圖以及峰值、峰峰值、有效值和峭度值等時域特征參數清楚地反映了設備的運行狀態(tài)。 最后,將故障診斷理論和在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)應用到某鋼高線廠精軋機狀態(tài)監(jiān)測與故障診斷中,成功捕捉到軸承內圈點蝕、保持架損壞及錐箱齒輪斷齒等故障,避免了惡性事故的發(fā)生,取得了顯著的經濟效益。
[Abstract]:Finishing mill unit is the key equipment in wire mill. On-line monitoring of finishing mill unit can predict the working state of the equipment and the development trend of fault ahead of time. Bevel gearbox is an important part of finishing mill, so studying the diagnostic technology of bevel gearbox can reduce the maintenance cost of equipment. Improving product quality and market competitiveness has important engineering application value. At present, the common method in China is to make use of portable instruments to carry out spot inspection of key equipment. The vibration data of the equipment are analyzed according to a certain period. However, this method also has some limitations, such as the data can not be collected at any time, resulting in the lack of continuity in the analysis of the data. Aiming at the above problems, the paper designs and develops the on-line vibration monitoring system of high-speed wire finishing mill based on C / S mode. The system uses the vibration sensor installed on the equipment to collect and analyze the vibration data of the equipment, and then it is reflected in the system workstation in the form of curves, which plays the role of warning the faults in advance. On the basis of referring to the latest research results at home and abroad, firstly, aiming at the key equipment of rolling mill production line, bevel gear box, the common fault forms of rolling bearing and gear of main parts of bevel gear box are discussed emphatically. The mechanism of amplitude modulation and frequency modulation of gear box vibration signal is discussed, and the fault characteristic frequency of a certain unit is calculated for a high speed wire mill in a steel wire mill. In this paper, the methods of feature extraction of common vibration signals are described, including time domain waveform analysis, statistical index analysis, amplitude spectrum and envelope spectrum analysis. Autocorrelation analysis and wavelet analysis are the theoretical basis for the following on-line monitoring system development and fault diagnosis. According to the characteristics of bevel gearbox of high-speed wire mill, the overall scheme of on-line monitoring system is designed. The development of real-time on-line monitoring system for finishing mill equipment is completed. The whole system is divided into several functional modules, such as unit management, data acquisition, on-line monitoring and so on. The system adopts statistical bar diagram, waveform chart, spectrum chart and trend chart, as well as peak and peak, peak and peak, etc. The time domain characteristic parameters such as effective value and kurtosis value clearly reflect the running state of the equipment. Finally, the fault diagnosis theory and the on-line monitoring system are applied to the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the finishing mill in a high wire mill. The faults such as pitting of the inner ring of the bearing, damage of the cage and broken teeth of the bevel box gear are successfully captured. The malignant accidents are avoided and remarkable economic benefits are obtained.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TG333;TH165.3

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