本文選題：叉車　切入點(diǎn)：工作裝置　出處：《福州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：叉車作為一種廣泛應(yīng)用的工程機(jī)械,其作業(yè)環(huán)境較為多變,外部載荷變化頻繁,液壓系統(tǒng)壓力變化范圍較大,工作裝置的受力也較為復(fù)雜。操作人員僅憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)操作叉車時(shí)易造成較大的功率損失,加大燃油消耗,同時(shí)減少工作裝置液壓零部件的使用壽命,因此對其工作裝置的性能要求越來越高。目前對叉車工作裝置的研究以及相關(guān)參考文獻(xiàn)較少,部分研究僅單獨(dú)考慮某個(gè)部件,沒有考慮到機(jī)械系統(tǒng)和液壓系統(tǒng)的相互耦合作用。因此,本文緊密結(jié)合平衡重式叉車的機(jī)械機(jī)構(gòu)和液壓系統(tǒng)原理,以某國產(chǎn)平衡重式叉車為對象進(jìn)行研究。從整機(jī)系統(tǒng)的角度進(jìn)行分析,建立液壓系統(tǒng)和工作裝置機(jī)械系統(tǒng)的機(jī)、液耦合動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,對工作機(jī)構(gòu)耦合狀態(tài)下的動(dòng)力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行了深入的研究。主要研究內(nèi)容如下：1)綜述了進(jìn)行叉車工作裝置研究的背景和意義,介紹了叉車工作裝置國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢,簡述叉車工作裝置機(jī)械機(jī)構(gòu)的組成特點(diǎn)及液壓系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)特性。對叉車作業(yè)過程中的動(dòng)作和受力情況進(jìn)行分析。簡述叉車工作裝置液壓系統(tǒng)及其動(dòng)態(tài)性能理論,并對叉車作業(yè)循環(huán)過程中系統(tǒng)效率情況進(jìn)行討論,從總體上對叉車工作裝置的工作過程和工作特性做研究。2)對叉車工作裝置液壓系統(tǒng)的主要元件進(jìn)行原理分析和參數(shù)確定,建立了叉車現(xiàn)行工作裝置機(jī)械機(jī)構(gòu)與液壓系統(tǒng)的AMESim仿真模型。針對叉車的典型作業(yè)循環(huán)過程進(jìn)行了仿真計(jì)算,得到叉車作業(yè)過程中流量、壓力等參數(shù)的變化情況。通過實(shí)際的仿真結(jié)果表明建立機(jī)、液耦合系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型才能更準(zhǔn)確的反應(yīng)叉車工作機(jī)構(gòu)的性能。3)利用ADAMS軟件建立叉車機(jī)液耦合系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,對各個(gè)特性參數(shù)和相關(guān)運(yùn)動(dòng)關(guān)系及約束進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的闡述和設(shè)定,并較為準(zhǔn)確地描述驅(qū)動(dòng)件的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律。對叉車進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真,確定叉車液壓缸在運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中的受力情況,并適當(dāng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化改進(jìn)。運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真結(jié)果表明,該模型的動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真基本符合總體運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中無干涉現(xiàn)象,液壓缸受力趨于平穩(wěn),可以較為準(zhǔn)確的反應(yīng)叉車工作機(jī)構(gòu)的性能,能夠改善叉車裝卸運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中的平順性。
[Abstract]:As a kind of widely used construction machinery, forklift truck has a changeable working environment, frequent external load changes, and a large range of hydraulic pressure changes. The force of the working device is also more complicated. When the operator operates the forklift only by experience, it is easy to cause large power loss, increase fuel consumption, and reduce the service life of the hydraulic parts of the working device. Therefore, the performance requirements of the forklift working device are becoming more and more high. At present, there are few researches on the forklift working device and related references. The coupling of mechanical system and hydraulic system is not taken into account. Therefore, the principle of mechanical mechanism and hydraulic system of balanced forklift truck is closely combined in this paper. Taking a domestic balanced forklift truck as an object of study, from the point of view of the whole machine system, the mechanical and hydraulic coupling dynamics model of hydraulic system and working device mechanical system is established. In this paper, the dynamic performance of forklift working mechanism in coupling state is deeply studied. The main research contents are as follows: 1) the background and significance of forklift working device research are summarized, and the present research situation and development trend of forklift working device at home and abroad are introduced. This paper briefly describes the composition and dynamic characteristics of the mechanical mechanism of the forklift working device and the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic system, analyzes the action and the force situation during the operation of the forklift truck, and briefly describes the hydraulic system of the forklift working device and its dynamic performance theory. The paper also discusses the efficiency of the system during the operation cycle of the forklift truck, and studies the working process and working characteristics of the working device of the forklift truck as a whole. 2) the principle analysis and parameter determination of the main components of the hydraulic system of the working device of the forklift truck are carried out. The AMESim simulation model of mechanical mechanism and hydraulic system of forklift is established, and the flow rate of forklift during operation is obtained by simulating and calculating the typical operation cycle process of forklift. The actual simulation results show that the dynamic model of the hydraulic coupling system can more accurately reflect the performance of the working mechanism of the forklift truck. 3) the dynamic model of the hydraulic coupling system of the forklift truck is established by using ADAMS software. Each characteristic parameter and related motion relation and constraint are described and set up in detail, and the motion law of the driving part is described more accurately. The kinematics and dynamics simulation of forklift truck is carried out. The dynamic simulation results show that the dynamic simulation of the model basically accords with the general motion law, and there is no interference phenomenon in the motion process. The stress of hydraulic cylinder tends to be stable, which can accurately reflect the performance of the forklift working mechanism and improve the ride comfort during the loading and unloading of the forklift.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TH242

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 邵遠(yuǎn)鵬;;叉裝機(jī)工作裝置力學(xué)特性分析[J];機(jī)電技術(shù);2011年04期

2 唐經(jīng)世;第五講 工作裝置[J];工程機(jī)械;1986年05期

3 金萬鈞,南基信,劉述學(xué),郭凌汾;工程機(jī)械工作裝置土槽試驗(yàn)臺(tái)車[J];工程機(jī)械;1986年08期

4 吳恩華;國外工程機(jī)械中工作裝置的耐磨材料概況[J];機(jī)械工程材料;1987年03期

5 張鐵柱;楊成康;;裝，

本文編號(hào)：1569438