本文關(guān)鍵詞： 伺服加載 試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng) 設(shè)計(jì) 建模仿真 多余力 不變性原理 試驗(yàn)分析　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：伺服加載系統(tǒng)在工程領(lǐng)域通常也被稱為負(fù)載模擬器,是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下合理地模擬被試件所受真實(shí)載荷的加載試驗(yàn)裝置,其具有高響應(yīng)、高精度、高功率重量比和大功率輸出等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。電液伺服加載系統(tǒng)是伺服加載系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要組成部分,它是對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)件進(jìn)行靜力性能、疲勞性能、斷裂韌度等試驗(yàn)的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備,能夠?yàn)榻Y(jié)構(gòu)件設(shè)計(jì)提供充分的理論依據(jù)。 本課題所研制的軸向伺服加載試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),是為立管疲勞試驗(yàn)而設(shè)計(jì)的。其功能是模擬輸油管道在海底所受到的軸向力作用,從而檢測(cè)被試件的各種機(jī)械性能指標(biāo),將經(jīng)典的自破壞全實(shí)物試驗(yàn)轉(zhuǎn)化為在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下的預(yù)測(cè)性試驗(yàn),以達(dá)到縮短研制周期、節(jié)約研制經(jīng)費(fèi)、提高可靠性和成功率的目的。 本軸向伺服加載試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)屬于典型的被動(dòng)式電液力伺服系統(tǒng)。在試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中,立管試件會(huì)同時(shí)受到正弦變化的徑向加載力作用,造成的彎曲變形會(huì)導(dǎo)致其兩端頭位置發(fā)生持續(xù)的移動(dòng),對(duì)施力系統(tǒng)來(lái)說(shuō)這是一個(gè)擾動(dòng)信號(hào)。本文從整體設(shè)計(jì)出發(fā),通過(guò)對(duì)多個(gè)加載方案的詳細(xì)仿真分析和比較,確立了采用伺服閥和蓄能器聯(lián)合控制的加載方式；完成了電液系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算；完成了支架結(jié)構(gòu)的布局分析；完成了控制策略的優(yōu)化以及控制程序編制,控制軟件采用功能強(qiáng)大的梯形圖編程軟件FPWIN GR,觸摸屏軟件采用簡(jiǎn)捷易懂的工程常用軟件EasyBuilder,數(shù)據(jù)采集、存儲(chǔ)及實(shí)時(shí)顯示軟件采用方便實(shí)用的圖形化編程軟件Labview,它們均具有良好的可讀性和實(shí)時(shí)性；最后,完成了對(duì)實(shí)際立管被試件的加載試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的可靠性。本文各章節(jié)具體內(nèi)容如下： 第一章,主要介紹了各種伺服加載系統(tǒng)的原理和特點(diǎn),總結(jié)了電液伺服加載系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)和難點(diǎn),介紹了目前電液伺服加載系統(tǒng)在國(guó)內(nèi)外研究和應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,并在此基礎(chǔ)之上,提出了本課題的研究意義和主要研究?jī)?nèi)容。 第二章,主要介紹了軸向伺服加載系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù),結(jié)合三種不同的加載方案,進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)建模和仿真,對(duì)比分析各方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),綜合設(shè)計(jì)出符合任務(wù)要求的整體方案,并對(duì)軸向伺服加載試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)的主要特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了歸納總結(jié)。 第三章,在滿足加載試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)功能的前提下,基于系統(tǒng)緊湊化和操作便捷化的設(shè)計(jì)理念,分別對(duì)試驗(yàn)用液壓系統(tǒng)各部分進(jìn)行模塊化設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)關(guān)鍵元件進(jìn)行選型計(jì)算。對(duì)試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)的支架結(jié)構(gòu)布局進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)和受力分析,并且充分利用ANSYS軟件的優(yōu)勢(shì),對(duì)關(guān)鍵部分進(jìn)行了有限元分析和強(qiáng)度校核,以保證實(shí)現(xiàn)其對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定可靠的支撐作用。 第四章,在滿足加載試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)功能的前提下,充分利用PLC和數(shù)據(jù)采集設(shè)備各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)對(duì)電控系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)及軟、硬件配置,并對(duì)關(guān)鍵元器件進(jìn)行選型。以軸向伺服加載試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)為基礎(chǔ),建立系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,分析多余力的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理,建立多余力的數(shù)學(xué)模型,采用結(jié)構(gòu)不變性補(bǔ)償方法優(yōu)化控制策略,并通過(guò)MATLAB/Simulink建模和動(dòng)態(tài)仿真驗(yàn)證結(jié)構(gòu)不變性補(bǔ)償多余力的效果。最后,按照立管疲勞試驗(yàn)軸向加載的要求編寫系統(tǒng)控制程序,并對(duì)加載試驗(yàn)流程進(jìn)行合理規(guī)劃。 第五章,以軸向伺服加載試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)為平臺(tái),對(duì)立管試件進(jìn)行加載試驗(yàn)。主要是詳細(xì)分析實(shí)現(xiàn)液壓缸有桿腔壓力和活塞桿輸出加載力穩(wěn)定的試驗(yàn)方法,結(jié)合本系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn),對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行研究分析和驗(yàn)證,從而為進(jìn)一步研究如何提高伺服加載系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)精度提供試驗(yàn)支撐。 第六章,對(duì)全文的工作進(jìn)行總結(jié)并作了下一步的展望。
[Abstract]:Servo loading system in the field of engineering is often referred to as the load simulator, is under laboratory conditions was simulated reasonably by the test piece loading test device for real load, which has high response, high precision, high power weight ratio and high power output. The advantages of electro-hydraulic servo loading system is an important component part of the servo loading system, it is the static performance, the structure fatigue performance, the key equipment of fracture toughness test, can provide sufficient theoretical basis for structure design.
The axial servo loading test system developed in this project, which is designed for riser fatigue test. Its function is to simulate the pipeline axial force is at the bottom of the sea, which was measured a variety of mechanical performance index of the self failure test into predictive test under laboratory conditions, the classic, in order to shorten the development cycle, save development cost, improve the reliability and success rate.
The axial servo loading system is a typical passive loading system. During the test, the riser test radial load force role at the same time be sinusoidal, the bending deformation caused by the two ends position will lead to the continual movement, to force system it is a signal from the disturbance. The overall design, through analysis and comparison with the simulation of multiple loading scheme, established by the servo valve and the accumulator control loading mode; completed the design and calculation of the electro-hydraulic system; complete the analysis of the support structure layout; completed the optimization control strategy and control program, control software using the powerful function of ladder diagram programming software FPWIN GR, touch screen software used simple EasyBuilder software engineering, data acquisition, storage and display software using real convenience Using the graphical programming software Labview, both readable and good real-time performance of them; finally, the actual loading test on the riser is the specimen, verify the reliability of the test results. In this paper, the specific contents of each chapter are as follows:
The first chapter mainly introduces the principle and characteristics of various servo loading system, summarizes the advantages and difficulties of the development of the electro-hydraulic servo loading system, introduces the electro-hydraulic servo loading system in the domestic and foreign research and application situation, and on this basis, this thesis puts forward the research significance and main research contents.
The second chapter mainly introduces the design of axial servo loading system, with three different loading schemes, for system modeling and simulation, comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each method, a comprehensive overall program designed to meet the requirements, the main characteristics and the axial servo loading system are summarized.
The third chapter, in order to meet the loading test system function, system design compact and convenient operation based respectively on the test with each part of the hydraulic system for the modular design, and the key element of the selection calculation. Support structure layout of the test system for the detailed design and stress analysis, and fully the use of the advantages of ANSYS software, the key part of the finite element analysis and strength check, in order to ensure the realization of the support function of the whole system is stable and reliable.
The fourth chapter, in order to meet the loading test system function, make full use of the advantages of PLC and data acquisition equipment of their design and soft, hardware configuration of control system, and the selection of key components. The axial servo loading system as the basis, establish the mathematical model of the system, analyses the extraneous force, mathematics to establish the model of force, using structure invariance compensation method of optimal control strategy, and through MATLAB/Simulink modeling and dynamic simulation of structure invariance compensation force effect. Finally, the system control program written according to the riser fatigue test of axial loading requirements, and reasonable planning of the loading process.
The fifth chapter, the axial servo loading system, riser specimen loading test. Is the main test method for hydraulic cylinder rod chamber pressure and piston rod output load stability analysis, combining the characteristics of the system, analysis and verification of test results, so as to provide experimental support for further study how to improve the accuracy of the servo loading system.
The sixth chapter of this thesis are summarized and the prospect of the next step.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH137.9

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 黃獻(xiàn)龍,李尚義,黃澤煥,張德新;靜力試驗(yàn)用電液伺服加載系統(tǒng)的分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)──如何實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)保護(hù)[J];導(dǎo)彈與航天運(yùn)載技術(shù);2000年03期

2 陳健,徐鳴謙,蕭子淵;大型構(gòu)件液壓加載試驗(yàn)臺(tái)調(diào)試[J];工程機(jī)械;2000年06期

3 秦家升 ,游善蘭;AMESim軟件的特征及其應(yīng)用[J];工程機(jī)械;2004年12期

4 王永進(jìn);權(quán)龍;楊付生;;大型鋼坯修磨機(jī)恒力加載系統(tǒng)的研究[J];工程設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)報(bào);2006年01期

5 謝卓偉,黃獻(xiàn)龍;閥控非對(duì)稱缸主動(dòng)式伺服加載系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型[J];華南理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2000年05期

6 劉杰,馬中武;多通道協(xié)調(diào)加載控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)[J];測(cè)控技術(shù);1996年04期

7 王占林;裘麗華;;非對(duì)稱液壓缸伺服系統(tǒng)的特性補(bǔ)償[J];機(jī)床與液壓;1987年06期

8 黃獻(xiàn)龍,戰(zhàn)興群,李晨光,趙克定;閥控非對(duì)稱缸力伺服系統(tǒng)中兩腔油壓變化的分析[J];機(jī)床與液壓;1998年06期

9 張業(yè)建,李洪人;非對(duì)稱缸系統(tǒng)液壓缸兩腔壓力特性的研究[J];機(jī)床與液壓;2000年05期

10 張?jiān)雒?周華;孫健;楊華勇;;基于壓差控制的蓄能器壓力調(diào)節(jié)方法及其AMESim仿真[J];機(jī)床與液壓;2007年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉曉東;電液伺服系統(tǒng)多余力補(bǔ)償及數(shù)字控制策略研究[D];北京交通大學(xué);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 王鑫;電液伺服加載臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[D];西北工業(yè)大學(xué);2003年

2 段衛(wèi)民;電液伺服加載系統(tǒng)理論分析與仿真研究[D];沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué);2005年

3 郭建華;位置擾動(dòng)型電液伺服力加載控制系統(tǒng)的研究[D];中國(guó)民航大學(xué);2008年

4 張建峰;某測(cè)控系統(tǒng)的伺服加載系統(tǒng)研制[D];南京理工大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號(hào)：1530124