本文關(guān)鍵詞： 齒輪故障 動力學(xué)建模 輪齒裂紋 剛度計算 動態(tài)分析　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：齒輪傳動是最重要而且應(yīng)用最廣的機械傳動。齒輪傳動失效是齒輪箱常見故障。齒輪故障產(chǎn)生后，將直接影響設(shè)備的安全可靠運行，降低生產(chǎn)效率或造成人員傷亡等嚴重后果。為了預(yù)防因齒輪突發(fā)故障造成的災(zāi)難性事故，有必要研究齒輪故障的振動機理與特征。但是，由于齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的工作狀態(tài)極為復(fù)雜，不僅載荷工況和動力裝置多種多樣，存在由原動機或負載方面引入的外部激勵，而且也存在由時變嚙合剛度、齒輪傳動誤差和故障所引起的內(nèi)部激勵等，給齒輪故障的振動機理與特征帶來了極大的困難，嚴重制約了齒輪故障預(yù)防技術(shù)的發(fā)展。因此，齒輪故障的動力學(xué)建模與輪齒裂紋剛度計算方法研究，具有重要的理論價值和實際工程價值。 論文在研究直齒圓柱齒輪時變嚙合剛度的基礎(chǔ)上，分析了齒根裂紋對嚙合剛度的影響，同時在現(xiàn)有齒根裂紋模型的基礎(chǔ)上通過公式推導(dǎo)建立了分度圓裂紋的齒輪嚙合剛度計算模型。分析了裂紋位置的不同對輪齒嚙合剛度的影響。同時建立了6自由度齒輪系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)模型，在對齒輪傳動裝置進行動力學(xué)特性仿真的基礎(chǔ)上，討論并獲得了故障齒輪在各工況下的動力學(xué)特性。主要開展的工作如下： ①利用能量法計算了正常齒輪和齒根裂紋齒輪的時變嚙合剛度，討論了不同深度裂紋對輪齒嚙合剛度的影響。建立了正常齒輪和齒根裂紋齒輪的有限元模型，計算得出齒輪嚙合剛度并與能量法結(jié)果進行驗證對比；通過建立更符合實際情況的曲線型齒根裂紋的齒輪有限元模型，分析并討論了齒根裂紋直線型假設(shè)帶來的嚙合剛度計算誤差。 ②通過對現(xiàn)有的齒根裂紋剛度模型的分析，推導(dǎo)并建立了分度圓處裂紋的齒輪嚙合剛度計算模型。通過這種新模型計算了不同深度的分度圓裂紋齒輪嚙合剛度，得出了分度圓裂紋對齒輪嚙合剛度的影響規(guī)律。并將其與齒根裂紋齒輪嚙合剛度進行對比，討論兩者的差別。建立了分度圓裂紋的有限元模型，通過計算嚙合剛度驗證了分度圓裂紋齒輪剛度模型的準確性。 ③建立了單級6自由度直齒輪系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)模型，引入故障激勵參數(shù)，求解了正常和故障齒輪在不同工況下的的動態(tài)響應(yīng)，并利用信號時域和頻域分析方法，分析動態(tài)仿真的結(jié)果，獲得了故障與振動響應(yīng)之間的影響規(guī)律。設(shè)計并搭建齒輪故障模擬試驗臺，將仿真結(jié)果與試驗結(jié)果進行了對比。
[Abstract]:Gear transmission is the most important and widely used mechanical transmission. The failure of gear transmission is the common fault of gear box. It is necessary to study the vibration mechanism and characteristics of gear fault in order to prevent the catastrophic accident caused by sudden fault of gear. The working state of gear transmission system is very complex, not only the load working conditions and power devices are varied, but also the external excitation introduced by the prime mover or load, but also the time-varying meshing stiffness. The error of gear transmission and the internal excitation caused by fault bring great difficulties to the vibration mechanism and characteristics of gear fault, which seriously restrict the development of gear fault prevention technology. The dynamic modeling of gear failure and the calculation method of gear tooth crack stiffness have important theoretical value and practical engineering value. On the basis of studying the time-varying meshing stiffness of spur gear, the influence of tooth root crack on meshing stiffness is analyzed in this paper. On the basis of the existing tooth root crack model, the calculation model of gear meshing stiffness of indexing circular crack is established by formula derivation. The influence of crack position on gear tooth meshing stiffness is analyzed. Degree gear system dynamics model, Based on the simulation of the dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission, the dynamic characteristics of the faulty gear under various working conditions are discussed and obtained. The main work is as follows:. 1. The time-varying meshing stiffness of normal gear and tooth root cracked gear is calculated by energy method, and the influence of different depth cracks on gear tooth meshing stiffness is discussed. The finite element model of normal gear and tooth root crack gear is established. The meshing stiffness of the gear is calculated and compared with the results of the energy method, and the finite element model of the curved tooth root crack is established. The calculation error of meshing stiffness caused by linear model assumption of tooth root crack is analyzed and discussed. Based on the analysis of the existing tooth root crack stiffness model, the gear meshing stiffness calculation model of the crack in the indexing circle is derived and established. The meshing stiffness of the gear with different depth is calculated by this new model. The influence law of indexing circular crack on gear meshing stiffness is obtained, and the difference between the meshing stiffness of gear with tooth root crack and that of indexing circular crack is discussed, and the finite element model of indexing circular crack is established. The accuracy of the indexing circular crack gear stiffness model is verified by calculating the meshing stiffness. (3) the dynamic model of a single-stage 6-DOF spur gear system is established, and the dynamic response of the normal gear and the fault gear under different working conditions is solved by introducing the fault excitation parameters. The time-domain and frequency-domain analysis methods of the signal are used. The influence law between fault and vibration response is obtained by analyzing the results of dynamic simulation, and a gear fault simulation test-bed is designed and built, and the simulation results are compared with the test results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH132.41;TH165.3

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