本文關(guān)鍵詞： 海洋平臺 聲發(fā)射 智能點檢 狀態(tài)監(jiān)測 熱油泵　出處：《北京化工大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：鋼質(zhì)導管架是很多結(jié)構(gòu)體的基礎(chǔ)構(gòu)件,但由于長期工作在交變重載、沖擊腐蝕的環(huán)境中,導管架極易產(chǎn)生疲勞斷裂而失效；另一方面,隨著設(shè)備投入運行時間的不斷累積,設(shè)備出現(xiàn)故障的可能性大大增加,因此,開展并加強對大型結(jié)構(gòu)件和機組設(shè)備的健康監(jiān)測具有十分重要的意義。本文綜合聲發(fā)射技術(shù)和振動測試技術(shù)在故障識別、故障評價及壽命預(yù)測等方面各自的優(yōu)勢,開展了早期故障預(yù)警機制下的海洋平臺導管架對AE波傳播機制影響研究及基于機組設(shè)備健康狀態(tài)監(jiān)測的設(shè)備智能點檢系統(tǒng)開發(fā)。 第一篇海洋平臺導管架對AE波傳播機制影響研究。結(jié)合聲發(fā)射技術(shù)的特點,針對海洋平臺整體性安全監(jiān)測的現(xiàn)狀,論證了利用聲發(fā)射技術(shù)進行海洋平臺導管架監(jiān)測的可行性。從彈性波在各向同性固體介質(zhì)中傳播的角度,分析了聲發(fā)射波在鋼質(zhì)空心圓管中的波動方程。利用聲發(fā)射數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng),開展聲發(fā)射源在焊縫、彎管、直徑和壁厚四種不同結(jié)構(gòu)特征的鋼質(zhì)空心圓管中傳播的實驗研究,并對不同位置的傳感器所采集的數(shù)據(jù)進行整理和分析,提取了代表聲發(fā)射波傳播特性的參數(shù)。通過對各個參數(shù)的交叉對比,找出了空心圓管不同的結(jié)構(gòu)特征對聲發(fā)射波傳播機制的影響。 第二篇設(shè)備智能點檢系統(tǒng)開發(fā)。針對現(xiàn)場機組設(shè)備的運行和管理情況,利用振動測試技術(shù)對設(shè)備狀態(tài)參數(shù)拾取的有效性,融合設(shè)備的運行維護與故障管理,開發(fā)了基于面向?qū)ο蟮脑O(shè)備健康監(jiān)測和綜合應(yīng)用平臺。通過設(shè)備智能點檢系統(tǒng)在煉油企業(yè)的實踐,成功地開展了常減壓裝置中熱油泵在運行過程中的故障診斷,準確地定位了故障位置,快速地診斷出故障原因,科學地評估了損傷程度,并從介質(zhì)流動的角度揭示了故障產(chǎn)生的動力學原理。
[Abstract]:Steel jacket is the basic component of many structures, but because of long term work in alternating heavy load, impact corrosion environment, jacket is prone to fatigue fracture and failure. On the other hand, with the continuous accumulation of equipment operational time, the possibility of equipment failure greatly increased, so. It is of great significance to carry out and strengthen the health monitoring of large structural parts and unit equipment. This paper integrates acoustic emission technology and vibration testing technology in fault identification. The advantages of fault evaluation and life prediction. The influence of offshore platform jacket on AE wave propagation mechanism under early fault warning mechanism and the development of equipment intelligent spot inspection system based on unit equipment health condition monitoring are carried out. The first part is about the influence of offshore platform jacket on AE wave propagation mechanism. Combined with the characteristics of acoustic emission technology, this paper aims at the status quo of integrated safety monitoring of offshore platform. The feasibility of using acoustic emission technology to monitor the jacket of offshore platform is demonstrated from the point of view of elastic wave propagating in isotropic solid medium. The wave equation of acoustic emission wave in steel hollow circular pipe is analyzed. The acoustic emission data acquisition system is used to carry out acoustic emission source in weld seam and bend pipe. Experimental study on propagation of steel hollow circular pipe with four different structural characteristics, diameter and wall thickness, and collation and analysis of data collected by sensors at different positions. The parameters representing the propagation characteristics of acoustic emission wave were extracted and the influence of different structural characteristics of hollow circular tube on the propagation mechanism of acoustic emission wave was found by the cross-comparison of each parameter. The second part is the development of the equipment intelligent spot inspection system. According to the operation and management of the equipment in the field, the vibration test technology is used to pick up the equipment state parameters, and the operation maintenance and fault management of the equipment are combined. The equipment health monitoring and integrated application platform based on object oriented is developed. Through the practice of equipment intelligent point inspection system in oil refining enterprise, the fault diagnosis of hot oil pump in atmospheric and vacuum unit is successfully carried out. The fault location is accurately located, the cause of fault is quickly diagnosed, the degree of damage is scientifically evaluated, and the dynamic principle of fault generation is revealed from the point of view of medium flow.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH136;TH165.3

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