發(fā)布時間：2018-01-11 13:05

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：RBI在橋式起重機風險評估技術(shù)中的應用研究與軟件開發(fā)　出處：《東北大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 橋式起重機 RBI 風險評估 失效概率 可靠性

【摘要】：橋式起重機作為一種特種設備,在國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著重要作用。近年來,橋式起重機事故時有發(fā)生,造成重大人員傷亡和財產(chǎn)損失。合理的檢測是降低起重機失效風險最有效的方法之一。傳統(tǒng)的橋式起重機檢測采用定期視情的檢測方法,該方法相對滯后,已經(jīng)不能滿足現(xiàn)代橋式起重機的檢測需要。目前石油化工行業(yè)采用一種新的風險評估方法—RBI技術(shù),該技術(shù)能夠?qū)υ谝墼O備做全面的風險評估,避免過度檢測和檢測不足等現(xiàn)象。本文通過對RBI技術(shù)的研究,將其應用到橋式起重機中,為在役橋式起重機的風險評估提供一種新的思路。 本文總結(jié)了橋式起重機常見失效形式,為這些失效形式設計了樣本采集表以收集失效數(shù)據(jù),并通過數(shù)值分析方法對現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)進行處理,建立FMEA數(shù)據(jù)庫,為后續(xù)RBI技術(shù)的定性、定量評估提供基礎。 橋式起重機零部件繁多,不可能也不必要對其一一進行詳細的RBI評估,本文采用RBI定性分析方法對橋式起重機的所有零部件進行分析,給出了定性評估原則和方法,并利用Access和VB編制了橋式起重機數(shù)據(jù)庫管理與定性分析軟件,以提高定性評估的效率。定性評估得到的高風險零部件將進行定量評估。 在橋式起重機定量風險評估過程中,本文采用層次分析法和多層次灰色綜合評價方法計算失效概率的修正系數(shù),對所建立失效概率模型進行修正。同時,結(jié)合橋式起重機失效特點,定量地給出失效后果的計算方法,然后根據(jù)風險的二維性來計算風險等級,最后編制橋式起重機定量風險評估軟件。 RBI技術(shù)在橋式起重機安全評估中的應用是橋式起重機檢測技術(shù)發(fā)展的一種新思路,為起重機風險評估提供一種新方法,對起重機械事故預防和安全性設計提供了一定的借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:Bridge crane as a kind of special equipment, plays an important role in the development of national economy. In recent years, the bridge crane accidents have occurred, causing heavy casualties and property losses. Reasonable detection is one of the most effective methods to reduce the risk of failure of crane bridge crane. The detection of traditional detection method using the regular condition, the the method is relatively backward, has been unable to meet the needs of modern detection of bridge crane. The current petrochemical industry with a new risk assessment method of RBI technology, the technology to do a comprehensive risk assessment of in-service equipment, avoid the phenomenon of excessive detection and detection of defects. Based on the research of the RBI technology, its application to bridge crane, which provides a new method for risk assessment of in-service bridge crane.
This paper summarizes the common failure forms of bridge cranes, designs a sample collection table for those failure forms to collect failure data, and processes the existing data by numerical analysis method, and establishes FMEA database, which provides a basis for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of subsequent RBI technology.
Bridge crane parts are not possible nor necessary on the assessment of RBI in detail, this paper adopts the qualitative analysis method of RBI all parts of the bridge crane analysis, presents the principles and methods of qualitative assessment, and the preparation of the bridge crane management and qualitative machine database analysis software using Access and VB, in order to improve the efficiency of qualitative evaluation of the qualitative evaluation. High risk parts will be evaluated quantitatively.
In the bridge crane quantitative risk assessment process, the correction coefficient by AHP and multi-level grey comprehensive evaluation method to calculate the probability of failure, based on failure probability model was modified. At the same time, combined with the bridge crane failure characteristics, calculation method of quantitatively failure consequence, then according to the two-dimensional risk to calculate the risk grade, final preparation of bridge crane quantitative risk assessment software.
The application of RBI technology in bridge crane safety assessment is a new idea for the development of bridge crane detection technology. It provides a new method for crane risk assessment, and provides a reference for crane accident prevention and safety design.

【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH215

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本文編號：1409627