本文關(guān)鍵詞：汽車變速器齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)非線性動力學(xué)特性研究　出處：《東北大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 汽車變速器 齒輪 非線性 齒側(cè)間隙 時變嚙合剛度

【摘要】：汽車變速器是汽車動力傳動系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵部件之一,其工作性能的優(yōu)劣直接影響到汽車的各項性能指標(biāo),隨著汽車工業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展,對變速器載荷、速度及其振動特性等性能提出了更高的要求。齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)是變速器的核心部件,在其他工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中也發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用。因此,研究變速器齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)特性,確保系統(tǒng)正常、安全運行,降低設(shè)備的維修費用具有十分重要的意義。 汽車變速器齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)本質(zhì)上是一個時變參數(shù)與間隙非線性共存的多自由度非線性系統(tǒng),它所描述的齒輪系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)行為具有自身的復(fù)雜性。本論文以某型汽車變速器為基本研究對象,結(jié)合齒輪動力學(xué)、轉(zhuǎn)子動力學(xué)、傳遞矩陣法、材料力學(xué)、分析力學(xué)、理論力學(xué)、非線性振動、隨機振動及混沌動力學(xué)等理論和技術(shù),對齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的固有模態(tài)的求解、參數(shù)對系統(tǒng)振動特性的影響、運行狀態(tài)識別和預(yù)測、動力學(xué)特性的分析等多方面問題進行了研究。主要工作如下： (1)通過推導(dǎo)模型的內(nèi)力方程,綜合考慮彎、扭、剪切變形耦合及陀螺力矩的影響,提出適用于齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的典型部件的各向異性傳遞矩陣表達式,擴展了應(yīng)用范圍；將汽車變速器齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)簡化為集中參數(shù)模型,利用整體傳遞矩陣法求解出該系統(tǒng)的固有頻率和振型,并與有限元方法的計算結(jié)果進行比較,驗證了該方法的正確性。 (2)基于汽車變速器齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)盤軸截面變化不大的特點,應(yīng)用集總參數(shù)法獲得變速器齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)非線性動力學(xué)模型,計算其線性模態(tài),并對比了采用有限元法的該模型的固有頻率及振型；此外,采用有限元法計算忽略軸向竄動的簡化模型的固有頻率,并與整體傳遞矩陣法的結(jié)果進行比較；以上分析結(jié)論為齒輪系統(tǒng)非線性問題的研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 (3)采用有限元等方法計算并推導(dǎo)出斜齒輪非線性動態(tài)嚙合力的函數(shù)表達式,利用拉格朗日方程、柔度系數(shù)等方法,建立非對稱彈性支承,兩端具有集中質(zhì)量,軸段具有不同抗彎剛度、抗扭剛度,考慮齒側(cè)間隙-時變剛度的斜齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)微分方程；重點討論了時變嚙合剛度參數(shù)振動的影響,分析了齒側(cè)間隙強非線性下的動力學(xué)行為,提取典型特征,為故障診斷提供依據(jù)；討論了工作轉(zhuǎn)速下結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的影響,校核變速器齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)實際運行的可靠性。 (4)建立汽車變速器三檔斜齒輪副有限元動力學(xué)模型,研究了齒輪嚙合過程中的應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變及運動特征量分布特點；繪制出齒輪嚙合過程中的時變嚙合力曲線,提取了該曲線的頻率成分；比較齒側(cè)間隙故障情況下和正常嚙合情況下的嚙合力曲線,得到兩種不同情況下嚙合力的變化特點,提取出故障特征,為判斷齒側(cè)間隙故障的發(fā)生提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Automobile transmission is one of the key components of automobile power transmission system, its performance directly affects the performance of the car, with the development of automobile industry, the transmission load, put forward higher requirements for speed and vibration characteristics and other properties. The gear transmission system is a core component of the transmission, but also play a pivotal role in other industrial fields. Therefore, research on dynamic characteristics of gear transmission system, to ensure normal system, safe operation, has very important significance to reduce the cost of equipment maintenance.
The essence of automobile transmission gear transmission system is a time-varying nonlinear system with multi degrees of freedom parameter and coexistence gap nonlinearity, gear system dynamics behavior described by it has its own complexity. In this paper, a vehicle gearbox as the basic research object, combining gear dynamics, rotor dynamics, transfer matrix method, material analysis of mechanics, mechanics, theoretical mechanics, nonlinear vibration, random vibration and chaotic dynamics theory and technology, to solve the inherent mode of gear transmission system. The influence of parameters on the vibration characteristics of the system, the running state recognition and prediction, analysis of dynamic characteristics and other aspects of the problem are studied. The main work is as follows:
(1) the internal force equation model, considering bending, torsion, shear deformation effect and the coupling of the gyroscopic moment, the anisotropy of typical components applied to gear transmission system transfer matrix expression, expands the scope of application; the transmission system of automotive transmission gear is simplified as a lumped parameter model, using transfer matrix method to solve the system natural frequency and vibration mode were calculated with the finite element method results were compared to verify the correctness of the method.
(2) the characteristics of transmission system of automotive transmission gear wheel shaft section change based on the lumped parameter method is used to obtain the nonlinear dynamic model of gear transmission system, calculation of the linear mode, and compares the natural frequency and vibration model using the finite element method of the model; in addition, the calculation ignores the inherent frequency of simplified model of axial the movement by finite element method, and compare the transfer matrix method and the overall result; the above analysis conclusion has laid the foundation for the research of gear system nonlinear problems.
(3) using the finite element method to calculate and deduce the function expression of helical gear nonlinear dynamic meshing force, by using the Lagrange equation, the flexibility coefficient method, establish the asymmetric elastic support, with a focus on the quality of both ends of shaft section with different bending stiffness, torsional stiffness, considering the backlash - time-varying dynamics the differential equation of the helical gear transmission system stiffness; focus on the effects of time-varying meshing stiffness parameters of vibration, analyze the dynamic behavior of backlash nonlinear under the extraction of typical characteristics, provide the basis for fault diagnosis; discusses the influence of structure parameters of working speed, reliability of transmission gear transmission system of the actual check operation.
(4) the establishment of automobile transmission gear helical gear finite element dynamic model of gear meshing process of stress and strain characteristics of weight distribution and movement characteristics; variable meshing force curve draw gear meshing process, extract the frequency components of the curve; comparison of backlash and normal fault conditions under the condition of meshing the meshing force curve, change characteristics of two different conditions of meshing force, extract fault characteristic, provide the basis for judging the backlash of faults.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH132.41;U463.212

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