發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-15 14:40

【摘要】：隨著人們?cè)絹?lái)越重視身體健康,人們對(duì)重金屬的危害以及其進(jìn)入體內(nèi)的方式也越來(lái)越關(guān)注。不銹鋼鍋、不銹鋼杯等不銹鋼制品和水嘴是人們生活中最常見(jiàn),也是最有可能將重金屬傳入人體內(nèi)的食品接觸產(chǎn)品。由于食品接觸不銹鋼制品需求量越來(lái)越大,并且具有重金屬危害,需要進(jìn)行大量的檢測(cè)工作。但目前的重金屬檢測(cè)方法遠(yuǎn)不能滿足不銹鋼制品大批量檢驗(yàn)和快速電子通關(guān)的需要。通過(guò)研究不銹鋼制品材質(zhì)元素對(duì)其重金屬元素析出量的影響,探索一種快速無(wú)損檢測(cè)不銹鋼制品重金屬析出量的方法具有重要意義。本論文選用不銹鋼鍋和不銹鋼杯為實(shí)驗(yàn)研究對(duì)象,采用石墨爐原子吸收光譜儀和電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜儀分別分析了110批次不銹鋼杯和40批次不銹鋼鍋的鉛、鉻、鎳、鎘、砷5種重金屬元素的析出量,同時(shí)采用火花直讀光譜儀和手持式合金分析儀分析了其表面C、S、Si、Mn、P、Cr、Ni、N等材質(zhì)元素的含量,研究了不銹鋼制品材質(zhì)元素對(duì)其重金屬元素析出量的影響。結(jié)果表明,材質(zhì)元素P和Ni含量對(duì)重金屬元素鉛的析出量有顯著影響,材質(zhì)元素C、Si、Mn、P、Cr、N含量對(duì)重金屬元素鉻的析出量有顯著影響,材質(zhì)元素C、S、Mn、P、Cr、Ni、N含量對(duì)重金屬元素鎳的析出量有顯著影響,材質(zhì)元素Si、P、N的含量對(duì)重金屬元素鎘的析出量有顯著影響,材質(zhì)元素Si、Mn、P、Cr、Ni的含量對(duì)重金屬元素砷的析出量有顯著影響。同時(shí),本文也對(duì)具有重金屬鉛危害的水嘴進(jìn)行重金屬鉛析出量統(tǒng)計(jì)值(Q值)的研究。本文分別依據(jù)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB18145《陶瓷片密封水嘴》2014版和2003版檢測(cè)方法,使用原子吸收光譜儀分別對(duì)15批次陶瓷片密封水嘴中重金屬鉛析出量進(jìn)行檢測(cè),并對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比研究。結(jié)果表明,新國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)引入統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)理論,能更科學(xué)地判定重金屬鉛析出量。Q值與浸泡液的體積VL、冷水調(diào)節(jié)因子CMV呈正比關(guān)系,建議水嘴生產(chǎn)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)VL、CMV都更小的水嘴,更易使Q值符合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:As people pay more attention to physical health, people pay more and more attention to the harm of heavy metals and the way they enter the body. Stainless steel products and water nozzles such as stainless steel pots, stainless steel cups and so on are the most common and food contact products that are most likely to be introduced into the human body. Due to the increasing demand for food-exposed stainless steel products and the harm of heavy metals, a lot of testing work is needed. However, the current heavy metal detection methods can not meet the needs of mass inspection and fast electronic clearance of stainless steel products. It is of great significance to explore a rapid and non-destructive method for the determination of heavy metal precipitation in stainless steel products by studying the effect of material elements on the precipitation of heavy metal elements in stainless steel products. The lead, chromium, nickel and cadmium in 110 batches of stainless steel cups and 40 batches of stainless steel pots were analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The contents of materials such as C, S, Si, mn, P, Cr, Ni, N on the surface of arsenic were analyzed by spark direct reading spectrometer and hand-held alloy analyzer. The effect of material elements on the precipitation of heavy metal elements in stainless steel products was studied. The results showed that the content of material elements P and Ni had a significant effect on the precipitation of heavy metal lead. The content of material elements C, Si, mn, P, Cr, N had a significant effect on the release of chromium from heavy metal elements, and the content of material elements C, S, mn, P, etc. The content of Cr,Ni,N has a significant effect on the precipitation of heavy metal element nickel, the content of material element Si,P,N has a significant effect on the release of heavy metal element cadmium, and the content of material element Si,Mn,P,Cr, has a significant effect on the release amount of heavy metal element cadmium. The content of Ni had a significant effect on the precipitation of heavy metal element arsenic. At the same time, the statistical value (Q value) of heavy metal lead release from the nozzle with heavy metal lead hazard is also studied in this paper. In this paper, according to the national standard GB18145 < ceramic plate seal nozzle > 2014 edition and 2003 edition detection method, 15 batches of ceramic piece seal nozzle were detected by atomic absorption spectrometer, and the data were compared. The results show that the introduction of statistical theory into the new national standard can more scientifically determine the amount of heavy metal lead precipitation. The Q value is proportional to the volume VL, cold water regulator CMV of the immersion solution. It is suggested that the nozzle production enterprises should produce the nozzle with smaller VL,CMV, and that the Q value is proportional to the cold water regulator factor CMV of the volume of the immersion solution. It is easier to make the Q value conform to the national standard.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)計(jì)量大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG142.71

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