【摘要】：00Ni18Col2Mo5Ti馬氏體時效鋼是高合金超高強度鋼的一個典型鋼種,其性能特點是在具有超高強度的同時具有良好的韌性,并且熱處理工藝簡單。在實際應用中,更準確的了解和認識00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti馬氏體時效鋼的耐腐蝕性能,對充分發(fā)揮該鋼的超高強度和高韌性具有重要的實際應用價值。本文通過化學浸泡法、電化學測試法、形貌觀察法和成分分析法對超高強度馬氏體時效鋼在酸性FeCl3環(huán)境中的腐蝕行為與機理進行綜合、深入研究,得到了00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti鋼在強氧化性的HNO3溶液和還原性的H2S溶液兩種預處理后的耐腐蝕性能差異,并將其與15-5PH馬氏體不銹鋼和40Cr低合金鋼在FeCl3溶液中的耐腐蝕性能進行了對比。本文的研究結(jié)果對該鋼種的使用壽命的估算具有參考價值,對鋼鐵企業(yè)節(jié)能減排也有重要的實踐意義。運用浸泡腐蝕失重法對比經(jīng)HNO3鈍化后與H2S預處理后三種材料的腐蝕速率、表面宏觀、微觀形貌等特性,研究結(jié)果顯示00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti鋼宏觀腐蝕形貌為河流沖刷狀,微觀則顯示蜂窩帶孔狀,耐腐蝕性能較為穩(wěn)定；15-5PH不銹鋼呈現(xiàn)典型點蝕形貌,經(jīng)H2S預處理后,浸泡36h時點蝕孔直徑達到了752.6μm,是HN03鈍化后點蝕孔直徑76.1μm的10倍大��；40Cr低合金鋼在兩種環(huán)境下都表現(xiàn)出了嚴重的剝落腐蝕形貌。硝酸鈍化浸泡腐蝕36h后00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti鋼的腐蝕速度為9g/m2.h,比15-5PH不銹鋼高了9倍,是40Cr低合金鋼的0.4倍。氫硫酸處理后00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti鋼在前期腐蝕速度比不銹鋼稍快,而36h后的腐蝕速度為9.5g/m2·h,低于15-5PH不銹鋼(11g/m2·h),是40Cr低合金鋼的0.2倍。三種試樣在36h前的腐蝕速率很快,36h后腐蝕速率趨于穩(wěn)定,表明對金屬材料腐蝕的防護,前期是重點。Tafel極化曲線數(shù)據(jù)顯示三種材料經(jīng)預處理后都出現(xiàn)了較為明顯的鈍化現(xiàn)象,腐蝕電位和腐蝕電流變化趨勢與浸泡腐蝕速率基本吻合。運用電化學測試、腐蝕形貌觀察和能譜分析等試驗,對比分析了00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti鋼極化曲線、交流阻抗譜圖、表面微觀腐蝕形貌和能譜等特性,本文研究得出經(jīng)過預處理后的試樣表面會形成良好的保護膜,HN03鈍化膜效果更好,預處理后的腐蝕性都具有較好的穩(wěn)定性。金相顯示00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti鋼在腐蝕初期表現(xiàn)出了明顯的晶間腐蝕傾向；SEM形貌顯示,腐蝕36h后微孔直徑穩(wěn)定在40μm,試樣在36h前表面為河流沖刷狀形貌,沒有產(chǎn)生明顯的孔洞；36h開始產(chǎn)生蝕孔,隨著周期的延長,蝕孔直徑也不斷增大,腐蝕后期在蝕孔內(nèi)部又開始出現(xiàn)新的孔蝕現(xiàn)象。能譜結(jié)果顯示00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti馬氏體時效鋼的主要腐蝕產(chǎn)物是穩(wěn)定態(tài)的Fe2O3。熱處理后00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti鋼的板條馬氏體晶粒和組織得到細化,析出物分布更加彌散均勻。對九種熱處理后試樣進行腐蝕測試試驗,其結(jié)果顯示,固溶溫度的增加會使試驗材料腐蝕失重速率增大,腐蝕電位降低,Tafel極化曲線陰極區(qū)域減小,耐腐蝕性降低。時效溫度相同時,隨時間的延長腐蝕電位呈增加趨勢,而且時間短的試樣表現(xiàn)出的鈍化效果更好。對比不同熱處理后腐蝕電位、腐蝕電流密度與硬度、晶粒度的變化趨勢,發(fā)現(xiàn)試樣硬度高時腐蝕電流密度大,試樣的耐腐蝕性差。表面鈍化處理和化學鍍均能在試驗材料表面形成有效的保護膜,提高材料的耐腐蝕性能。
[Abstract]:The 00Ni18Col2Mo5Ti maraging steel is a typical steel grade of high-alloy ultra-high strength steel, and has the characteristics of good toughness at the same time with ultra-high strength and simple heat treatment process. In the practical application, the corrosion resistance of 00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti maraging steel is more accurately known and recognized, and the high strength and the high toughness of the steel are of great practical application value. In this paper, the corrosion behavior and mechanism of the ultra-high-strength maraging steel in the acidic FeCl3 environment are comprehensively and deeply studied by chemical soaking method, electrochemical test method, appearance observation method and component analysis method. The corrosion resistance of 00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti steel in the strong oxidizing HNO 3 solution and the reducing H2S solution can be different, and the corrosion resistance of the 15-5PH martensitic stainless steel and the 40Cr low-alloy steel in FeCl3 solution can be compared. The results of this paper are of reference value to the estimation of the service life of the steel, and it is of great practical significance to the energy-saving and emission reduction of iron and steel enterprises. The corrosion rate, surface macroscopic and micro-morphology of the three kinds of materials after the passivation of HNO3 and the pretreatment of H2S were compared by the immersion corrosion weight loss method. The results show that the macro-corrosion morphology of the 00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti steel is a river-washed shape, and the micro-structure shows that the honeycomb strip is porous and the corrosion resistance can be more stable; The typical pitting appearance of 15-5PH stainless steel, after the pretreatment of H2S, the diameter of the pitting hole reached 752.6. m after soaking for 36 h, which is 10 times the diameter of the pitting hole after the passivation of the HN03, and the diameter of the pitting hole is 76.1. m The corrosion rate of 00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti steel after passivation and immersion of nitric acid for 36 h is 9 g/ m2.h, which is 9 times higher than that of 15-5PH stainless steel, and is 0.4 times that of 40Cr low alloy steel. The corrosion rate of 00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti steel after hydrosulfuric acid treatment was slightly faster than that of the stainless steel, and the corrosion rate after 36 h was 9.5 g/ m2 路 h, and the corrosion rate was less than 15-5PH stainless steel (11g/ m2 路 h), which was 0.2 times that of the 40Cr low alloy steel. The corrosion rate of the three samples before 36h is very fast, and the corrosion rate is stable after 36 h, which indicates the protection of the corrosion of the metal material, and the earlier stage is the key point. The data of Tafel polarization curve shows that the three kinds of materials have obvious passivation phenomenon after the pretreatment, and the corrosion potential and the corrosion current trend are basically in agreement with the soaking corrosion rate. The polarization curves of 00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti steel, the AC impedance spectrum, the surface micro-corrosion and the energy spectrum of 00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti steel were compared and analyzed by means of electrochemical test, corrosion profile observation and energy spectrum analysis. HN03 passivation film has better effect and good stability after pre-treatment. The metallographic examination showed that the corrosion tendency of 00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti steel in the early stage of corrosion showed obvious intercrystalline corrosion tendency; the morphology of SEM showed that the pore diameter was stable at 40. m after 36 h of corrosion, the surface of the sample was a fluvial-like shape at the front surface of 36h, no obvious hole was produced, and the corrosion hole began to be generated at 36h, and with the extension of the period, The diameter of the etching hole is also increasing, and a new pitting phenomenon is started in the corrosion hole at the later stage of the corrosion. The results show that the main corrosion products of the 00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti maraging steel are the stable Fe2O3. The lath martensite grains and the microstructure of 00Ni18Co12Mo5Ti steel after heat treatment were refined, and the distribution of the precipitates was more uniform. The results show that the corrosion-loss rate of the test material is increased, the corrosion potential is reduced, the cathode region of the Tafel polarization curve is reduced, and the corrosion resistance is reduced. When the aging temperature is the same, the corrosion potential is increased with the time, and the passivation effect of the sample with the short time is better. The change trend of corrosion potential, corrosion current density and hardness and grain size after different heat treatment was compared, and it was found that the corrosion current density was high when the sample hardness was high, and the corrosion resistance of the sample was poor. And the surface passivation treatment and the chemical plating can form an effective protective film on the surface of the test material to improve the corrosion resistance of the material.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG142.1;TG172

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