發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-12 00:38

【摘要】：受“荷葉效應(yīng)”的影響,自然界中特殊潤(rùn)濕性表面的研究在近年來受到了國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的關(guān)注。根據(jù)接觸角的大小可以把表面潤(rùn)濕性分為親水性、疏水性、親油性和疏油性。特殊地,當(dāng)材料表面接觸角大于150°小于180°,且滾動(dòng)角小于10°時(shí),我們認(rèn)定材料表面是超疏水(超疏油)表面。當(dāng)接觸角為0°時(shí),我們認(rèn)定材料表面潤(rùn)濕性表現(xiàn)為超親水(超親油)性。另外,當(dāng)材料表面既表現(xiàn)出超疏水同時(shí)又表現(xiàn)出超疏油時(shí),我們可以認(rèn)定該表面為超雙疏表面,同樣,具備超親油與超親水的表面為超雙親表面。超疏水、超親水、超疏油、超親油、超雙疏和超雙親是材料表面潤(rùn)濕性的特殊表現(xiàn)。制備超疏水表面一般通過兩種途徑相結(jié)合的方法。其一利用低表面能物質(zhì)在原本粗糙表面進(jìn)行修飾,其二是在低表面能物質(zhì)表面構(gòu)造粗糙形貌。本文將金屬銅材料與潤(rùn)濕性相結(jié)合制備的特殊潤(rùn)濕性銅基表面,將其應(yīng)用在抗腐蝕,潤(rùn)濕性調(diào)控以及油水分離等方面。以下是本文具體實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容。(1)通過化學(xué)浴沉積法在玻璃基底上制備的銅單質(zhì)涂層不經(jīng)修飾即可使其潤(rùn)濕性表現(xiàn)為超疏水性,并分析其抗腐蝕能力。(2)在制備超疏水銅單質(zhì)表面涂層的過程中,通過控制不同干燥環(huán)境、干燥溫度和干燥時(shí)間而得到超親水或者超疏水兩種截然不同的特殊潤(rùn)濕表面。并在這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的啟示下,利用氧化還原法可以使得制備的銅涂層表面潤(rùn)濕性在超親水與超疏水之間可逆調(diào)控。(3)在銅網(wǎng)表面通過直接氧化法制備的氧化銅表面其潤(rùn)濕性表現(xiàn)為超疏水與超親油特性,能有效的進(jìn)行油水分離。并且考察了該制備方法得到的銅網(wǎng)在抗酸堿鹽性、耐高溫能力以及油水分離等方面的應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:Under the influence of "lotus leaf effect", the research of special wettable surface in nature has been concerned by scholars at home and abroad in recent years. According to the contact angle, wettability can be divided into hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity. In particular, when the contact angle is greater than 150 擄and the rolling angle is less than 10 擄, the surface of the material is superhydrophobic. When the contact angle is 0 擄, the surface wettability of the material is determined to be super hydrophilic (super hydrophilic). In addition, when the surface of the material shows both superhydrophobicity and hydrophobicity, we can identify the surface as super double thinned surface. Similarly, the surface with super hydrophilic and super hydrophilic is super amphiphilic surface. Superhydrophobic, super hydrophilic, superhydrophobic, hyperhydrophilic, superhydrophobic and super amphiphilic are the special features of the surface wettability of the materials. The preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces is usually combined by two ways. First, the rough surface is modified by low surface energy material, and the other is the rough surface is constructed on the surface of low surface energy material. In this paper, a special wettable copper based surface prepared by combining metal copper with wettability is applied to corrosion resistance, wettability control and oil / water separation. The following are the contents of this paper. (1) the wettability of copper simple coating prepared on glass substrate by chemical bath deposition can be shown to be super hydrophobic without modification. The corrosion resistance of superhydrophobic copper was analyzed. (2) in the process of preparing superhydrophobic copper surface coating, two distinct special wetting surfaces were obtained by controlling different drying environment, drying temperature and drying time. And in the light of this discovery, The surface wettability of the prepared copper coating can be controlled inversely between superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic by redox method. (3) the surface wettability of copper oxide prepared by direct oxidation on the copper mesh surface shows the characteristics of superhydrophobicity and super hydrophilicity. Can effectively separate oil and water. The application of the prepared copper mesh in acid and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance and oil / water separation was also investigated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TG178

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