【摘要】：超聲金屬焊接的工作原理是在工件上施加壓力以及高頻剪切運(yùn)動(dòng)來實(shí)現(xiàn)材料間的固態(tài)連接,是一種高效、便捷的焊接加工技術(shù)。雖然超聲金屬焊接技術(shù)被廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)領(lǐng)域,但目前對焊接接頭的結(jié)合機(jī)理研究還存在不足。為了更好的運(yùn)用這項(xiàng)技術(shù),本文針對異種合金材料(鋰電池金屬極片0.1mm厚度的鋁/鍍鎳鋼片)進(jìn)行超聲焊接,對其結(jié)合強(qiáng)度和連接機(jī)理進(jìn)行深入的研究。試驗(yàn)中,本文首先通過CETR型樣品測試系統(tǒng)獲得接頭的剝離強(qiáng)度值,分別采用單因素變量法和正交試驗(yàn)法分析不同焊接工藝對接頭強(qiáng)度的影響程度。隨后,采用數(shù)字顯微硬度計(jì)測量接頭硬度值,獲得不同焊接工藝對焊縫組織細(xì)化程度的變化規(guī)律;進(jìn)一步采用分階振幅與恒定振幅進(jìn)行焊接試驗(yàn),分析不同焊接模式對接頭結(jié)合強(qiáng)度和表面形貌的影響作用。最后,利用3D激光掃描顯微鏡對焊縫組織進(jìn)行觀察并總結(jié)分析超聲焊接接頭的結(jié)合機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明,通過單因素分析得到三種焊接工藝參數(shù)(焊接時(shí)間、焊接振幅和焊接壓強(qiáng))對接頭強(qiáng)度都有一定程度的影響,而正交分析得到焊接振幅對接頭強(qiáng)度的影響最大。硬度測量得到焊接振幅對接頭硬度的影響程度大于焊接時(shí)間,說明焊接振幅可提高金屬晶粒的細(xì)化程度。采用分階振幅可獲得更高強(qiáng)度的焊接接頭且其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差小,減少了接頭表面與工具頭的粘附現(xiàn)象,剝離試驗(yàn)前的焊件表面相對平整,有效防止了較軟金屬產(chǎn)生裂痕。對焊縫微觀組織形貌進(jìn)行觀察得到,超聲焊接可破碎金屬表面氧化膜且結(jié)合區(qū)未發(fā)現(xiàn)有嚴(yán)重的熔化現(xiàn)象,但其界面處的金屬鍵合作用和物理冶金反應(yīng)對接頭的形成過程起了關(guān)鍵作用,是實(shí)現(xiàn)固相連接的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The working principle of ultrasonic metal welding is to apply the pressure on the workpiece and the high frequency shear motion to realize the solid state connection between the materials. It is an efficient and convenient welding technology. Although ultrasonic metal welding technology is widely used in industry, the research on bonding mechanism of welded joints is still insufficient. In order to make better use of this technology, ultrasonic welding of different alloy materials (aluminum / nickel plated steel sheet with 0.1mm thickness of metal electrode sheet of lithium battery) is carried out, and the bonding strength and bonding mechanism are studied deeply. In the experiment, the peeling strength of the joint was obtained by CETR sample testing system, and the influence of different welding processes on the joint strength was analyzed by single factor variable method and orthogonal test method respectively. Then, the hardness value of the joint was measured by digital microhardness meter, and the variation law of weld microstructure refinement was obtained by different welding processes. The effects of different welding modes on the bonding strength and surface morphology of the joints were analyzed by means of step amplitude and constant amplitude welding tests. Finally, the weld microstructure was observed by 3D laser scanning microscope and the bonding mechanism of ultrasonic welded joints was summarized and analyzed. The results show that three kinds of welding parameters (welding time, welding amplitude and welding pressure) have some influence on the joint strength by single factor analysis, while the orthogonal analysis shows that the welding amplitude has the greatest influence on the joint strength. The influence of welding amplitude on joint hardness is greater than that of welding time, which indicates that welding amplitude can improve the refinement of metal grain. A higher strength welded joint can be obtained by using the step amplitude, and its standard deviation is small, which reduces the adhesion between the joint surface and the tool head, and the surface of the welding piece is relatively flat before peeling test, which effectively prevents the crack of the soft metal. By observing the microstructure of the weld, it can be found that the oxide film on the surface of the metal can be broken by ultrasonic welding and there is no serious melting phenomenon in the bonding zone. However, the metal bond cooperation at the interface and the physical metallurgical reaction play a key role in the formation of the joint, which is the basis for the solid phase bonding.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：集美大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG453.9

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