【摘要】：雙端面磨床作為一種高精、高效的加工母機(jī),具有裝夾變形小、加工誤差小、生產(chǎn)效率高的特點,廣泛應(yīng)用于活塞環(huán)、軸承套圈、閥片等零件的端面加工。雙端面磨床的設(shè)計研究在國內(nèi)發(fā)展較快,但精度仍有待進(jìn)一步提高。大尺寸高精度滾動軸承套圈的端面加工,具有材料硬度高、磨削力大、精度要求高的特點,目前主要依賴進(jìn)口機(jī)床加工。本論文從理論研究入手,對高精度立式雙端面磨床的設(shè)計開發(fā)進(jìn)行了深入研究。本文的主要內(nèi)容有:1.介紹了雙端面磨床的發(fā)展歷史、研究現(xiàn)狀及國內(nèi)雙端面磨床的發(fā)展水平。指出了市場上現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品難以完成大尺寸高精度滾動軸承套圈的端面加工。提出了開發(fā)專用立式雙端面磨床的課題。2.從加工原理誤差入手,確定了機(jī)床規(guī)格、設(shè)計參數(shù)及機(jī)床型號。對主軸部件支撐方式、主軸部件進(jìn)給方式、砂輪修整方式、送料方式、冷卻方式等進(jìn)行了分析論證,確定了機(jī)床主要部件的結(jié)構(gòu)方案及機(jī)床總體布局。3.根據(jù)設(shè)計要求,對主軸部件進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。詳細(xì)介紹了主軸的支撐方式及卸荷結(jié)構(gòu)。對主軸軸承疲勞壽命、潤滑劑用量及壽命進(jìn)行了計算。利用有限元方法對主軸模型進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析,驗證了主軸部件的動態(tài)性能。4.以立式雙端面磨床的上砂輪作業(yè)面形貌為研究對象,建立了砂輪端面形貌的數(shù)學(xué)模型,分析并驗證了不同端面形貌對磨削區(qū)內(nèi)加工余量分布的影響。以理論分析為基礎(chǔ),確定了機(jī)床修整部件的布局參數(shù)和結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。對修整部件的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹,并在ANSYS軟件中進(jìn)行了剛度分析,驗證了結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性。5.分析介紹了立式雙端面磨床的主要運動和磨削用量,推導(dǎo)了進(jìn)給速度的計算公式。對送料部件載荷進(jìn)行了計算,以此為依據(jù)對送料部件結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計,在結(jié)構(gòu)中采用安全彈簧對電機(jī)進(jìn)行保護(hù),對安全彈簧的最大壓力和剛度進(jìn)行了計算。本文的研究為立式雙端面磨床的設(shè)計開發(fā)提供了一定的理論依據(jù),對雙端面磨床的方案選擇、修整裝置的布局、機(jī)床的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化都有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:As a kind of high precision and high efficiency machining machine, double face grinder has the characteristics of small clamping deformation, small machining error and high production efficiency. It is widely used in the end face machining of piston ring, bearing ring, valve piece and so on. The design and research of double-face grinder is developing rapidly in China, but the precision still needs to be further improved. The machining of large size and high precision roller bearing ring has the characteristics of high material hardness, high grinding force and high precision requirement. At present, it mainly depends on imported machine tools. In this paper, the design and development of high-precision vertical double-face grinder are studied. The main content of this paper is: 1. The development history, research status and development level of double-face grinder in China are introduced in this paper. It is pointed out that it is difficult to finish the end face processing of large size and high precision roller bearing ring on the market. In this paper, the development of a special vertical double-face grinder is presented. Starting from the error of machining principle, the specification, design parameters and model of machine tool are determined. This paper analyzes and demonstrates the supporting mode of spindle parts, feed mode of spindle parts, dressing mode of grinding wheel, feeding mode and cooling mode, and determines the structure scheme of main parts of machine tools and the overall layout of machine tools .3. According to the design requirements, the structure of spindle parts is designed. The supporting mode and unloading structure of the spindle are introduced in detail. The fatigue life, lubricant dosage and life of spindle bearing are calculated. The modal analysis of the spindle model is carried out by using finite element method, and the dynamic performance of the spindle component is verified. 4. Taking the working surface morphology of the upper wheel of the vertical double face grinder as the research object, the mathematical model of the grinding wheel end surface morphology is established, and the influence of different end surface morphology on the machining allowance distribution in the grinding area is analyzed and verified. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the layout parameters and structural parameters of machine tool dressing parts are determined. The structure of the trimming parts is introduced in detail, and the stiffness analysis is carried out in ANSYS software, which verifies the rationality of the structure. The main motion and grinding amount of vertical double face grinder are analyzed and the formula of feed speed is deduced. The load of feeding parts is calculated, and the structure of feeding parts is designed in detail. The safety spring is used to protect the motor in the structure, and the maximum pressure and stiffness of the safety spring are calculated. The research in this paper provides a certain theoretical basis for the design and development of vertical double-face grinder, which has certain reference value for the selection of the scheme of double-end grinder, the layout of dressing device and the structural optimization of machine tool.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG580.2

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