本文選題：回轉(zhuǎn)誤差 + 圓度誤差��； 參考：《沈陽建筑大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：高精密和超精密機(jī)床系統(tǒng)是我國(guó)航空航天工業(yè)、國(guó)防工業(yè)以及民用工業(yè)中的不可或缺的重要加工裝備。而高速電主軸又是精密機(jī)床系統(tǒng)中的核心功能部件,高速電主軸的功能是帶動(dòng)安裝在上面的刀高速旋轉(zhuǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)精密和超精密的加工過程。高速電主軸回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)誤差是評(píng)價(jià)精密和超精密數(shù)控機(jī)床加工設(shè)備主軸系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)精度的最主要的技術(shù)參數(shù),同時(shí)也是決定數(shù)控加工設(shè)備加工尺寸準(zhǔn)確程度、形狀及其位置準(zhǔn)確程度和表面光潔度等加工參數(shù)的主要因素。對(duì)主軸系統(tǒng)回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)誤差進(jìn)行檢測(cè)時(shí),主軸系統(tǒng)自身的圓度偏差很容易摻雜在回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)誤差中,但是對(duì)高速和高精度的主軸系統(tǒng)回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)誤差進(jìn)行檢測(cè)時(shí),圓度偏差的影響不能夠被簡(jiǎn)單的疏忽,所以對(duì)主軸系統(tǒng)回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)誤差檢測(cè)方法的討論重點(diǎn)是對(duì)誤差分離方法的深入研究。本文詳細(xì)地介紹了一種原理簡(jiǎn)單易懂、操作高效以及能夠有效在實(shí)際加工零部件時(shí)對(duì)主軸系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)進(jìn)行檢測(cè)的垂直兩點(diǎn)法誤差分離方法,詳細(xì)介紹了垂直兩點(diǎn)法誤差分離方法在理論上的正確性,通過對(duì)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)推出一套系統(tǒng)的檢測(cè)方案和對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行運(yùn)算處理的詳細(xì)技術(shù)。由于需要確定垂直兩點(diǎn)法誤差分離方法的高效性和可靠性,對(duì)混合誤差信號(hào)分離的精確度進(jìn)行確認(rèn)和分析,憑借Matlab軟件的載體,通過編程編寫了主軸系統(tǒng)回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)誤差的運(yùn)算程序。運(yùn)用此程序,應(yīng)用垂直兩點(diǎn)法誤差分離方法分別對(duì)具有周期運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律的主軸回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)誤差進(jìn)行了運(yùn)算并進(jìn)行比較探討,通過對(duì)得到的曲線圖觀測(cè)垂直兩點(diǎn)法回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)誤差分離方法的分離結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證了垂直兩點(diǎn)法的正確性。此外,通過討論回轉(zhuǎn)圈數(shù)的多少對(duì)分離效果和分離精度的趨勢(shì)的影響。通過對(duì)垂直兩點(diǎn)法回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)誤差分離方法的運(yùn)動(dòng)研究的檢測(cè)單元,應(yīng)用此單元測(cè)量主軸系統(tǒng)回轉(zhuǎn)精度。對(duì)垂直兩點(diǎn)法測(cè)量電主軸回轉(zhuǎn)精度進(jìn)行分析,利用垂直兩點(diǎn)法分離誤差方法對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,得到主軸單元處在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)精度,研究表明電主軸單元轉(zhuǎn)速在10000r/min以上時(shí)回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)精度增高并趨于不變,找出對(duì)電主軸單元回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)精度的影響因素并進(jìn)行歸納。對(duì)電主軸單元回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)精度的實(shí)時(shí)測(cè)量和轉(zhuǎn)速控制給出了重要理論、實(shí)驗(yàn)參考。
[Abstract]:High precision and ultra-precision machine tool system is an indispensable and important processing equipment in aerospace industry, national defense industry and civil industry in China. The high-speed motorized spindle is the core functional component in the precision machine tool system. The function of the high-speed motorized spindle is to drive the knife mounted on it to rotate at high speed to realize the precision and ultra-precision machining process. The rotational motion error of high-speed motorized spindle is the most important technical parameter to evaluate the motion accuracy of spindle system of precision and ultra-precision NC machine tools, and it also determines the accuracy of machining dimension of NC machining equipment. The main factors of machining parameters such as shape and position accuracy and surface finish. The roundness deviation of the spindle system is easily mixed in the rotation motion error when measuring the rotation motion error of the spindle system. However, when measuring the rotation motion error of the high speed and high precision spindle system, the roundness deviation of the spindle system itself is easily mixed in the rotary motion error. The influence of roundness deviation can not be simply neglected, so the focus of the discussion on the measurement method of rotation error of spindle system is to study the error separation method deeply. This paper introduces in detail a vertical two point error separation method, which is simple and easy to understand, efficient in operation and can effectively detect the operating state of spindle system when machining parts in practice. The theoretical correctness of the vertical two point error separation method is introduced in detail. Through the design of the test system, a set of system detection scheme and the detailed technology of data processing are presented. Due to the need to determine the high efficiency and reliability of the vertical two-point error separation method, the accuracy of the mixed error signal separation is confirmed and analyzed, and the carrier of Matlab software is used. The calculation program of rotation error of spindle system is programmed. Using this program, the vertical two point error separation method is used to calculate and compare the rotation error of the spindle with periodic motion. The vertical-two-point method is proved to be correct by observing the separation results of the vertical two-point rotation error separation method. In addition, the influence of the number of rotation cycles on the separation effect and the trend of separation accuracy is discussed. This unit is used to measure the rotation accuracy of the spindle system through the research on the motion detection unit of the vertical two-point rotation error separation method. The rotary accuracy of the motorized spindle measured by the vertical two-point method is analyzed. The experimental data are processed by using the vertical two-point separation error method, and the rotary motion accuracy of the spindle unit at different rotational speeds is obtained. The results show that the rotational accuracy of the motorized spindle unit increases when the rotational speed is above 10000r/min and tends to remain unchanged. The influence factors on the rotary motion accuracy of the motorized spindle unit are found out and summarized. The important theory and experimental reference are given for the real time measurement of rotary motion accuracy and speed control of motorized spindle unit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG502.3

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本文編號(hào)：2000176