本文選題：腐蝕　切入點：緩蝕劑　出處：《西南石油大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：金屬的腐蝕遍及國民經(jīng)濟生產(chǎn)的各個部門及行業(yè)。腐蝕問題不僅耗費了寶貴的國家資源,造成巨大的經(jīng)濟損失,而且還使產(chǎn)品的質量下降,對環(huán)境造成惡劣影響,甚至造成重大安全事故,現(xiàn)已成為工業(yè)和科學技術發(fā)展的絆腳石。緩蝕劑在金屬防護工程中占有重要的地位,能夠有效阻止金屬腐蝕,起到保護金屬材料的作用。隨著人們環(huán)境保護意識的增強和綠色化學概念的提出,低毒、高效、環(huán)境友好已成為未來緩蝕劑技術發(fā)展的新趨勢。基于上述理念,針對鹽酸酸洗過程中帶來的金屬腐蝕問題,本論文合成了五種酰腙化合物和四種芳醛縮胺類Schiff堿化合物,選取了一種雙子表面活性劑,并通過失重實驗,電化學實驗,量子化學計算及掃描電鏡分析等方法評價了上述化合物在1mol/L鹽酸溶液中對碳鋼的緩蝕性能,分析了它們對碳鋼的緩蝕機理。本文的研究對于豐富合成型緩蝕劑的種類具有重要意義。本論文研究的主要成果如下：1、制備了五種酰腙化合物,并優(yōu)化了其合成條件。實驗結果表明,五種酰腙化合物均能較好的抑制碳鋼在1 mol/L鹽酸溶液中的腐蝕反應。隨著酰腙化合物濃度不斷增大,緩蝕效率逐漸升高；隨著酸性介質溫度升高,緩蝕效率呈減小趨勢；隨著浸泡時間的增長,緩蝕效率逐漸下降。五種酰腙化合物均為混合抑制型緩蝕劑。該類化合物分子在碳鋼表面的吸附行為符合Langmuir吸附模型,能夠在金屬表面形成穩(wěn)定的自組裝膜,有效阻止了金屬被酸液腐蝕,從而達到了保護金屬材料的目的。該類緩蝕劑在金屬表面的吸附是物理吸附和化學吸附共同作用的結果,其中以化學吸附為主。2、制備了四種芳醛縮胺類Schiff堿化合物。實驗結果表明,四種芳醛縮胺類Schiff堿化合物均能抑制碳鋼在1 mol/L鹽酸溶液中的腐蝕反應。隨著所選化合物濃度不斷增大,緩蝕效率逐漸升高。四種芳醛縮胺類Schiff化合物均為混合抑制型緩蝕劑。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這四種化合物在碳鋼表面的吸附行為符合Langmuir吸附模型,為單分子層吸附,能夠金屬表面形成穩(wěn)定規(guī)則的自組裝膜,起到了保護金屬的目的。由吉布斯自由能變判斷該類緩蝕劑分子在碳鋼表面的吸附是物理吸附和化學吸附共同作用的結果,其中以化學吸附為主。3、選取了雙子表面活性劑DSH作為研究對象。由量子化學計算可知DSH是平行共面的反向結構。實驗結果表明,DSH能較好的抑制碳鋼在1 mol/L鹽酸溶液中的腐蝕,隨著DSH濃度不斷增大,緩蝕率逐漸升高；隨著酸性介質溫度升高,緩蝕率減小。DSH為混合抑制型緩蝕劑,能同時抑制碳鋼的陽極溶解和陰極析氫反應。該緩蝕劑分子在碳鋼表面的吸附行為符合Langmuir吸附模型,在金屬表面形成的吸附膜阻礙金屬發(fā)生腐蝕,達到了保護金屬的目的。DSH在碳鋼表面的吸附是物理吸附和化學吸附共同作用的結果,從理論上分析物理吸附和化學吸附的作用程度相當,且是自發(fā)進行的。多種測試方法得到的緩蝕率結果具有較好的一致性。由失重實驗數(shù)據(jù),求得如吉布斯自由能變、熵變、焓變等相關的熱力學參數(shù),在分析這些參數(shù)的基礎上,探討了雙子表面活性劑的緩蝕吸附作用機理。
[Abstract]:The metal corrosion and the various departments and sectors of the national economy production throughout. Corrosion problems not only consume valuable resources of the country, causing huge economic losses, but also make the quality of the products decreased, causing adverse effects on the environment, and even cause major accidents, has now become a stumbling block to the industry and the development of science and technology. The inhibitor occupies the important status in the metal protection project, can effectively prevent metal corrosion, play a role in the protection of metal materials. As proposed, the awareness of environmental protection and green chemistry concept of low toxicity, high efficiency, environmental friendly has become a new trend in the future development of corrosion inhibitor technology. Based on the above concept, aiming at the problem of metal corrosion causes hydrochloric acid pickling process, this paper synthesized five hydrazone compounds and four kinds of aromatic aldehyde amine Schiff base compounds selected a Gemini surfactant, and Through weight loss experiment, electrochemical experiment, quantum chemical calculations and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the corrosion performance of the above compounds on carbon steel in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, analyzes their influence on the corrosion inhibition mechanism. This research can enrich the synthetic inhibitor species has important significance. The main results of this paper are as follows: 1, five hydrazone compounds were prepared, and the optimal synthesis conditions. The experimental results show that five hydrazone compounds could inhibit the corrosion reaction of carbon steel in 1 mol/L HCl solution better in hydrazone compounds. With the concentration increasing, the inhibition efficiency increased gradually with the acidic medium; the temperature increased, the inhibition efficiency decreased; with the dipping time, the inhibition efficiency decreased gradually. Five hydrazone compounds were mixed type inhibitors. The compounds on the carbon steel surface The adsorption behavior of the Langmuir model of adsorption, can form SAMs on the metal surface, effectively preventing the metal by the acid corrosion, so as to achieve the purpose of protection of metal materials. The inhibitor is adsorbed on the metal surface is physical adsorption and chemical adsorption results, the chemical adsorption of.2. Four kinds of aromatic aldehyde amine Schiff base compounds were prepared. The experimental results show that the corrosion reaction of four kinds of aromatic aldehyde amine Schiff base compounds inhibited carbon steel in 1 mol/L HCl solution. With the selected compounds concentration increases, the inhibition efficiency increased gradually. Four kinds of aromatic aldehyde amine compounds were Schiff a mixed type inhibitor. The study found that the four kinds of compounds with Langmuir adsorption model on adsorption behavior of carbon steel surface, as the single molecular layer adsorption to SAMs formed stable rules of metal surface, To protect the metal. The Gibbs free energy of judgment of the inhibitor molecule is physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Adsorption on the surface of carbon steel, in which the chemical adsorption of.3, selected the Gemini surfactant DSH as the research object. By quantum chemical calculation shows that DSH is a reverse parallel structure coplanar. Experimental results show that the DSH corrosion in 1 mol/L HCl solution in the inhibition of steel better, with DSH concentration increasing, the inhibition rate increased gradually; with the acidic medium temperature, the corrosion rate decreases with.DSH for suppression of mixed type inhibitor, can inhibit the anodic dissolution and cathodic carbon steel hydrogen reaction. The inhibitor molecules adsorption on surface of carbon steel with Langmuir adsorption model. The adsorption film formed on the metal surface barrier metal corrosion, to protect the metal to.DSH in carbon steel sheet The adsorption is physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Rather, the extent of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption in theory, and is spontaneous. Get a variety of testing methods of corrosion inhibition rate consistent with the results. The experimental data obtained by weight loss, such as the Gibbs free energy, entropy, thermodynamics the enthalpy change of related parameters, based on the analysis of these parameters, discusses the corrosion inhibition and adsorption mechanism of Gemini surfactants.

【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG174.42

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