本文選題：龍門式機床　切入點：基礎混凝土徐變　出處：《北京工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：高精度機床是加工高精度工件的重要基礎,對精度要求很高,而重型高精度機床本身的自重很大,會對基礎產生很大的作用力,隨著時間累積導致基礎發(fā)生變形,而基礎變形又會對機床產生影響,如果機床變形,則機床加工精度難以保證,因此有必要研究機床和基礎直接的影響規(guī)律,特別是重型數控機床,對加工精度有較高的要求。本文基于混凝土徐變理論,選取合適的混凝土徐變經驗公式計算混凝土的等效彈性模量,利用有限元分析軟件分析機床自重提供的作用力對基礎在不同等效彈性模量下的變形,從而得出基礎在機床自重下隨時間的變形曲線,并通過實驗驗證方法的可行性。建立機床等效模型,龍門式機床簡化為梁單元的框架結構,然后利用應用非線性有限元中的路徑跟蹤方法計算由基礎變形引起的機床變形。針對的研究對象為重型龍門式機床,研究機床自重引起的基礎變形,然后分析基礎的變形對機床的影響。文中闡述了多種混凝土徐變計算理論及經驗公式,根據實測數據及經驗采取了工程應用最為廣泛的方法估算混凝土徐變;并結合有限元軟件workbench分析基礎變形,通過對比計算結果和實際測量的基礎變形數據可選取符合變化規(guī)律的數據;并對比多種非線性有限元求解方法,分析了載荷控制法、位移控制法以及弧長法的特點,選取合適的路徑跟蹤方法求解機床模型變形,得到了基礎變形與機床變形之間的關系。根據得到的結果基礎在受力初期變形比較快,可以制定預壓方案消除受力初期基礎的變形,并根據變形規(guī)律調整機床的精度。同時根據非線性有限元分析得出的機床變形,可針對變形比較大的部位加固機床結構,減少機床受基礎變形的影響。
[Abstract]:High precision machine tool is the important foundation of machining high precision workpiece, which requires very high precision. However, heavy duty high precision machine tool itself has a very large weight, which will produce great force on foundation, which will result in deformation of foundation with time accumulation. And the foundation deformation will have an effect on the machine tool. If the machine tool is deformed, it is difficult to guarantee the machining accuracy of the machine tool. Therefore, it is necessary to study the direct influence law of the machine tool and foundation, especially the heavy-duty numerical control machine tool. In this paper, based on the creep theory of concrete, the equivalent elastic modulus of concrete is calculated by selecting appropriate empirical formula of concrete creep. The finite element analysis software is used to analyze the deformation of the foundation under different equivalent elastic modulus by the force provided by the weight of the machine tool, and the deformation curve of the foundation with time under the weight of the machine tool is obtained. The feasibility of the method is verified by experiments. The equivalent model of the machine tool is established, and the gantry machine tool is simplified to the frame structure of the beam element. Then using the path tracking method in the nonlinear finite element to calculate the deformation caused by the foundation deformation. The research object is the heavy-duty gantry machine tool, and the foundation deformation caused by the self-weight of the machine tool is studied. Then, the influence of foundation deformation on machine tool is analyzed. Many kinds of concrete creep calculation theories and empirical formulas are expounded, and the most widely used method to estimate concrete creep is adopted according to the measured data and experience. Combined with the finite element software workbench, the foundation deformation data can be selected according to the changing law by comparing the calculation results with the actual measured basic deformation data, and the load control method is analyzed by comparing various nonlinear finite element solution methods. Based on the characteristics of displacement control method and arc length method, a suitable path tracking method is selected to solve the deformation of the machine tool model, and the relationship between the foundation deformation and the deformation of the machine tool is obtained. The preloading scheme can be formulated to eliminate the deformation of the initial foundation and adjust the accuracy of the machine tool according to the deformation law. At the same time, according to the nonlinear finite element analysis, the deformation of the machine tool can be strengthened for the parts with large deformation. Reduce the influence of foundation deformation on machine tool.
【學位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU433;TG502

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