客運樞紐換乘效率及流線組織方法研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-17 16:12
【摘要】：客運樞紐是綜合交通運輸體系的重要組成部分,客運樞紐的布局及運行直接關(guān)系到整個運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)運行的效率與客運服務(wù)水平。因此,客運樞紐的設(shè)計方法與客流組織策略一直是交通運輸行業(yè)工程實踐與科學(xué)研究工作者關(guān)注的重要課題。隨著我國社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平的提高,城鄉(xiāng)居民出行的需求規(guī)模及其對服務(wù)水平的要求不斷提高,做好綜合客運樞紐的規(guī)劃、設(shè)計與運行組織不僅對提高樞紐的運行質(zhì)量具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義,對深化相關(guān)運輸組織理論、完善運輸組織的技術(shù)方法也具有重要的學(xué)術(shù)價值。 本文以客運樞紐換乘效率及客流組織方法為對象,根據(jù)我國交通運輸實踐中目前存在的問題,重點研究了客運樞紐的分類、換乘效率的內(nèi)涵、效率分析方法以及客運樞紐內(nèi)部換乘流線組織與優(yōu)化方法等問題。 論文的主要工作包括以下幾個部分： (1)從規(guī)劃運營層面,在深入分析客運樞紐運行過程的基本機理基礎(chǔ)上,對客運樞紐的內(nèi)涵進行了延展和補充。以現(xiàn)行的國家標準和行業(yè)規(guī)范為基礎(chǔ),分析了不同類型客運樞紐內(nèi)設(shè)施、設(shè)備配置規(guī)模和數(shù)量,研究提出了客運樞紐的分類和定級方法。論文以北京南站和上海虹橋綜合客運樞紐為例,闡述了客運樞紐的構(gòu)成和具體運行過程,運用本文提出的方法對案例客運樞紐進行了類別分析與等級界定。 (2)以乘客在客運樞紐中的移動過程為對象,分析了部分樞紐換乘組織要素對乘客移動行為的影響機理,從乘客角度提出將乘客通過設(shè)施的時間和系統(tǒng)乘客密度作為樞紐運行效率的評價指標。論文將排隊理論引入樞紐運行過程中的效率測算問題,將一條流線上的通道、樓梯等換乘設(shè)施抽象成多級多服務(wù)臺排隊系統(tǒng),研究了樞紐換乘運行過程,建立了樞紐換乘效率的計算模型,并定量分析了不同因素對樞紐乘客換乘效率的影響程度。 (3)將客運樞紐內(nèi)部面向乘客的各類服務(wù)設(shè)施作為節(jié)點,構(gòu)建了客運樞紐換乘服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò),探討了考慮供需雙方利益的客運樞紐內(nèi)部換乘設(shè)施優(yōu)化設(shè)置問題。在費用目標函數(shù)中,本文通過考慮乘客出行時間價值,將樞紐設(shè)施設(shè)置費用分為設(shè)施本身的購置與運行費用及運行過程中產(chǎn)生的乘客時間費用兩部分,建立了樞紐內(nèi)部換乘設(shè)施設(shè)置優(yōu)化模型,為研究樞紐內(nèi)部換乘設(shè)施設(shè)置總費用(包括乘客通過設(shè)施的時間費用和增設(shè)換乘設(shè)施的費用)最小化奠定了基礎(chǔ)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,論文選擇相關(guān)案例進行了研究,構(gòu)建了基于Anylogic的仿真分析模型,仿真結(jié)果驗證了設(shè)施設(shè)置優(yōu)化方案的有效性。 (4)建立了以樞紐乘客換乘“全過程流線”為對象的流線優(yōu)化模型。全過程流線指從乘客下車到達或步行進入樞紐車站時起,到乘客上車或步行離開樞紐車站時止所產(chǎn)生的全部流動過程和流動線路。該流線可分為三大類：進出站流線、同方式換乘流線及跨方式換乘流線。論文從研究對象的交通特性、網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)成、抽象網(wǎng)絡(luò)及乘客出行影響因素四個角度,分析了樞紐內(nèi)乘客流量分配問題的特點。在此基礎(chǔ)上,將樞紐網(wǎng)絡(luò)抽象為節(jié)點與弧的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)；其中節(jié)點為樞紐內(nèi)各項設(shè)施,如通道設(shè)施、安檢設(shè)施等,根據(jù)乘客經(jīng)過的各項設(shè)施的具體阻抗來確定設(shè)施權(quán)值；弧為樞紐站內(nèi)的各項設(shè)施設(shè)備的連接點。論文研究建立了一體化的乘客流線優(yōu)化模型,案例表明模型可優(yōu)化樞紐內(nèi)各類乘客流線,使得大型客運樞紐內(nèi)部換乘流線的總費用最小。 實際客運樞紐是一個復(fù)雜的社會經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng),其中乘客行為、設(shè)施建設(shè)方案以及由樞紐功能決定的對外客流類別等都將可能顯著增加流線優(yōu)化的難度。本文關(guān)于客運樞紐的研究還有許多問題值得進一步深入與細化的后續(xù)研究。
[Abstract]:The passenger transport hub is an important part of the comprehensive transportation system, and the layout and operation of the passenger transport hub are directly related to the operation efficiency and the passenger service level of the whole transportation network. Therefore, the design method and the passenger flow organization strategy of the passenger transport hub have always been an important subject of the attention of the transportation industry engineering practice and the scientific research workers. With the improvement of the social and economic development level in our country, the demand scale of the urban and rural residents and the demand for the service level are constantly improved, and the planning, design and operation organization of the comprehensive passenger transport hub not only has important practical significance for improving the operation quality of the hub, It also has important academic value for deepening the theory of relevant transport organization and perfecting the technical method of the transportation organization. Based on the current problems in the transportation practice of the passenger transport hub, this paper focuses on the classification and transfer efficiency of the passenger transport hub according to the existing problems in the transportation practice in China. The Analysis of Culvert, Efficiency Analysis and the Interchangeable Flow-line Organization and Optimization Method in the Passenger Transport Hub The main work of the paper includes the following Part: (1) From the planning and operation level, on the basis of analyzing the basic mechanism of the operation process of the passenger transport hub, the connotation of the passenger transport hub is carried out Based on the current national standard and industry standard, the paper analyzes the scale and quantity of the facilities and equipment in different types of passenger transport hub, and puts forward the classification of the passenger transport hub. The paper, taking the integrated passenger transport hub of the south station of Beijing and the Hongqiao Shanghai Hongqiao as an example, expounds the structure and operation process of the passenger transport hub, and uses the method proposed in this paper to analyze the case passenger transport hub. (2) Based on the movement of passengers in the passenger transport hub, the mechanism of the influence of some of the transfer organization elements on the movement behavior of the passengers is analyzed, and the time and the system passenger density of the passenger to pass through the facility are presented as the hub operation from the passenger's point of view. The evaluation index of efficiency is introduced. The paper introduces the queuing theory into the efficiency measurement in the process of hub operation, and abstracts the transfer facilities such as channels and stairs on a streamline into the multi-level multi-service desk queuing system, and studies the transfer operation process of the hub and establishes the hub transfer. The calculation model of efficiency is analyzed, and the transfer of different factors to the hub passenger is analyzed quantitatively. (3) The passenger-oriented service facilities in the passenger transport hub are used as the nodes, and the transfer service network of the passenger transport hub is constructed, and the internal change of the passenger transport hub taking into account the interests of the two sides of the supply and demand is discussed. In that cost objective function, by considering the travel time value of the passenger, the cost of the hub facility is divided into two parts of the purchase and operation cost of the facility and the time cost of the passenger generated in the operation process, and the internal exchange of the hub is established. Set up the optimization model by means of the facility to set the total cost of the transfer facilities in the hub (including the time cost of passing the passengers through the facilities and the cost of the additional transfer facilities Based on this, the paper chooses the relevant cases to study, and constructs the simulation analysis model based on Anylogic, and the simulation results verify the establishment of the facility. Set up the effectiveness of the optimization scheme. (4) Establish the "when process flow line" The flow line optimization model for the object. The whole process flow is from the time the passenger gets out of the vehicle or walks into the hub station, and stops when the passenger gets in the car or walks away from the hub station All flow processes and flow lines. The flow line can be divided into three main categories: in-out and out-of-station flow lines, in the same way In this paper, the traffic characteristics, the network configuration, the abstract network and the passenger's travel influence factors are analyzed in the paper from four aspects: the traffic characteristics, the network structure, the abstract network and the passenger's travel influence factors. The characteristic of the problem of passenger flow distribution. On this basis, the hub network is abstracted as the topological structure of the node and the arc, and the nodes are all the facilities in the hub, such as channel facilities, security inspection facilities, etc., according to the various facilities passed by the passengers The specific impedance is used to determine the weight of the facility; the arc is within the hub station. The paper studies and establishes the integrated passenger flow line optimization model, and the case shows that the model can optimize the various passenger flow lines in the hub, so that the large-scale passenger transport hub The total cost of the part transfer streamline is the smallest. The actual passenger transport hub is a complex social and economic system, in which the passenger behavior, the facility construction scheme and the foreign passenger flow category determined by the hub function will be the same. It is possible to significantly increase the difficulty of streamline optimization. In this paper, there are many problems in the study of the passenger transport hu
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U115
本文編號：2479230
[Abstract]:The passenger transport hub is an important part of the comprehensive transportation system, and the layout and operation of the passenger transport hub are directly related to the operation efficiency and the passenger service level of the whole transportation network. Therefore, the design method and the passenger flow organization strategy of the passenger transport hub have always been an important subject of the attention of the transportation industry engineering practice and the scientific research workers. With the improvement of the social and economic development level in our country, the demand scale of the urban and rural residents and the demand for the service level are constantly improved, and the planning, design and operation organization of the comprehensive passenger transport hub not only has important practical significance for improving the operation quality of the hub, It also has important academic value for deepening the theory of relevant transport organization and perfecting the technical method of the transportation organization. Based on the current problems in the transportation practice of the passenger transport hub, this paper focuses on the classification and transfer efficiency of the passenger transport hub according to the existing problems in the transportation practice in China. The Analysis of Culvert, Efficiency Analysis and the Interchangeable Flow-line Organization and Optimization Method in the Passenger Transport Hub The main work of the paper includes the following Part: (1) From the planning and operation level, on the basis of analyzing the basic mechanism of the operation process of the passenger transport hub, the connotation of the passenger transport hub is carried out Based on the current national standard and industry standard, the paper analyzes the scale and quantity of the facilities and equipment in different types of passenger transport hub, and puts forward the classification of the passenger transport hub. The paper, taking the integrated passenger transport hub of the south station of Beijing and the Hongqiao Shanghai Hongqiao as an example, expounds the structure and operation process of the passenger transport hub, and uses the method proposed in this paper to analyze the case passenger transport hub. (2) Based on the movement of passengers in the passenger transport hub, the mechanism of the influence of some of the transfer organization elements on the movement behavior of the passengers is analyzed, and the time and the system passenger density of the passenger to pass through the facility are presented as the hub operation from the passenger's point of view. The evaluation index of efficiency is introduced. The paper introduces the queuing theory into the efficiency measurement in the process of hub operation, and abstracts the transfer facilities such as channels and stairs on a streamline into the multi-level multi-service desk queuing system, and studies the transfer operation process of the hub and establishes the hub transfer. The calculation model of efficiency is analyzed, and the transfer of different factors to the hub passenger is analyzed quantitatively. (3) The passenger-oriented service facilities in the passenger transport hub are used as the nodes, and the transfer service network of the passenger transport hub is constructed, and the internal change of the passenger transport hub taking into account the interests of the two sides of the supply and demand is discussed. In that cost objective function, by considering the travel time value of the passenger, the cost of the hub facility is divided into two parts of the purchase and operation cost of the facility and the time cost of the passenger generated in the operation process, and the internal exchange of the hub is established. Set up the optimization model by means of the facility to set the total cost of the transfer facilities in the hub (including the time cost of passing the passengers through the facilities and the cost of the additional transfer facilities Based on this, the paper chooses the relevant cases to study, and constructs the simulation analysis model based on Anylogic, and the simulation results verify the establishment of the facility. Set up the effectiveness of the optimization scheme. (4) Establish the "when process flow line" The flow line optimization model for the object. The whole process flow is from the time the passenger gets out of the vehicle or walks into the hub station, and stops when the passenger gets in the car or walks away from the hub station All flow processes and flow lines. The flow line can be divided into three main categories: in-out and out-of-station flow lines, in the same way In this paper, the traffic characteristics, the network configuration, the abstract network and the passenger's travel influence factors are analyzed in the paper from four aspects: the traffic characteristics, the network structure, the abstract network and the passenger's travel influence factors. The characteristic of the problem of passenger flow distribution. On this basis, the hub network is abstracted as the topological structure of the node and the arc, and the nodes are all the facilities in the hub, such as channel facilities, security inspection facilities, etc., according to the various facilities passed by the passengers The specific impedance is used to determine the weight of the facility; the arc is within the hub station. The paper studies and establishes the integrated passenger flow line optimization model, and the case shows that the model can optimize the various passenger flow lines in the hub, so that the large-scale passenger transport hub The total cost of the part transfer streamline is the smallest. The actual passenger transport hub is a complex social and economic system, in which the passenger behavior, the facility construction scheme and the foreign passenger flow category determined by the hub function will be the same. It is possible to significantly increase the difficulty of streamline optimization. In this paper, there are many problems in the study of the passenger transport hu
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U115
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