【摘要】：地裂縫這一地質災害已嚴重的威脅到我國高速鐵路的建設。本文背景為擬建的貫穿山西南北，連接陜西西安的大西客運專線。該線將穿越以典型活斷裂和地裂縫發(fā)育的“汾渭地塹系”，會嚴重威脅大西高鐵的建設。而我國目前對關于高鐵橋梁跨越地裂縫所受影響方面的研究少之又少。因此，本文對高鐵橋梁跨越地裂縫的影響機理研究不僅具有十分重要的理論研究意義，而且為工程的安全施工帶來極為重要的參考依據(jù)。 本文首先對大西高鐵沿線的區(qū)域地質情況進行了簡要的描述；然后以水秀地裂縫為地裂縫原型，通過比例尺為1：20的物理模型試驗對高速鐵路橋梁45°角度斜交穿越地裂縫帶時橋梁受力變形特征、破壞模式以及影響范圍進行研究；最后，通過有限元軟件MIDAS/GTS對高速鐵路橋梁45°角度斜穿地裂縫進行數(shù)值模擬計算，所得結果與物理模型試驗相對比，并提出對高鐵橋梁跨越地裂縫帶減災措施方面的建議。模型試驗的結果和數(shù)值模擬的輔助結果可在設計及施工安全方面為大西高鐵的順利建成通車提供有力的科學理論依據(jù)。 本文研究得到的主要結論有：（1）地裂縫帶主要對跨越其的高鐵橋梁結構產(chǎn)生影響，，主要應變部位為箱梁和軌道，而對于鋼筋混凝土樁、承臺、橋墩則影響不大；（2）橋梁模型破壞范圍為上盤113cm，下盤82cm，影響范圍為上盤147cm，下盤82cm，設防范圍為229cm；（3）本試驗橋梁跨度是可行的并可以通過優(yōu)化鋼筋混凝土樁、加大承臺和橋墩尺寸、加強橋梁結構防落梁設計達到為橋梁結構減災效果，通過改善混凝土配比等措施抵御不可抗力的地質災害；（4）建立監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)來長期觀測橋梁變形，以及時應對地裂縫活動所帶來的影響。
[Abstract]:Ground fissures, a geological hazard, have seriously threatened the construction of high-speed railway in China. The background of this paper is the planned Daxi passenger dedicated line running through the north and south of Shanxi and connecting Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. This line will traverse the "Fen-Wei graben system" developed by typical live faults and ground fissures, which will seriously threaten the construction of the Daxi high-speed railway. At present, there is little research on the influence of high-speed railway bridge crossing ground crack in our country. Therefore, this paper not only has a very important theoretical significance to study the influence mechanism of high-speed railway bridge crossing ground cracks, but also has a very important reference for the safety construction of the project. Firstly, this paper gives a brief description of the regional geological conditions along the Daxi high-speed railway. Then, taking Shuixiu ground fissures as the prototype of ground fissures, the mechanical deformation characteristics, failure mode and influence range of high-speed railway bridges crossing the ground fracture zone at 45 擄angle are studied by physical model test at 1:20 scale. Finally, the finite element software MIDAS/GTS is used to simulate and calculate the 45 擄angle cross-ground cracks of high-speed railway bridges. The results are compared with the physical model tests, and some suggestions are put forward for the disaster reduction measures of high-speed railway bridges crossing the ground fracture zone. The results of the model test and the auxiliary results of the numerical simulation can provide a powerful theoretical basis for the successful completion of the Daxi high-speed railway in terms of design and construction safety. The main conclusions obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) the ground crack zone mainly affects the structure of the high-speed railway bridge crossing it, the main strain position is box girder and track, but for reinforced concrete pile, cap, pier has little effect; (2) the damage range of bridge model is 113 cm in the upper disk, 82 cm in the lower disk, 147 cm in the upper disk, 82 cm in the lower disk, and 229 cm in the defensive range. (3) the span of the bridge in this experiment is feasible and can be reduced by optimizing the reinforced concrete pile, increasing the size of cap and pier, and strengthening the design of anti-fall beam of bridge structure. Through improving the proportion of concrete and other measures to resist the geological disasters of force majeure; (4) establish monitoring and early warning system to observe long-term bridge deformation in order to deal with the influence of ground fissures in time.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U448.13;U446

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