發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-09 18:08

【摘要】：交通仿真作為解決交通問題的有力方法,在交通工程領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。然而大多數(shù)軟件是根據(jù)開發(fā)國的交通條件研發(fā)的,并不適用于我國,需要對(duì)模型參數(shù)進(jìn)行標(biāo)定才能準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)仿真對(duì)象。針對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象,本文研究了自適應(yīng)正交遺傳算法在道路交叉口VISSIM模型參數(shù)標(biāo)定中的應(yīng)用。 本文首先簡單介紹了微觀交通仿真模型參數(shù)標(biāo)定的研究現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)國內(nèi)外微觀交通仿真模型參數(shù)標(biāo)定優(yōu)化方法的選取進(jìn)行了回顧和總結(jié),并指出微觀仿真模型參數(shù)標(biāo)定在國內(nèi)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 其次,論文以道路交叉口的VISSIM模型為背景,從評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的選取、標(biāo)定參數(shù)的選擇、敏感參數(shù)的識(shí)別三個(gè)層面,對(duì)仿真模型參數(shù)進(jìn)行了介紹,并運(yùn)用敏感性分析確定了交叉口模型的標(biāo)定參數(shù)集,為后續(xù)標(biāo)定工作奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 再次,針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)遺傳算法的不足,論文引入自適應(yīng)正交遺傳算法。該方法最大的特點(diǎn)是運(yùn)用正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)生成初始種群的方法加以改進(jìn),使種群均勻分布于解空間,并引用自適應(yīng)算法,使交叉算子具有自適應(yīng)性。 然后,基于自適應(yīng)正交遺傳算法設(shè)計(jì)了道路交叉口VISSIM模型參數(shù)標(biāo)定方法,詳細(xì)給出了該優(yōu)化方法中染色體的編碼解碼、適應(yīng)度函數(shù)和自適應(yīng)正交交叉算子的設(shè)計(jì)。借助COM接口和VB程序語言,完成了基于自適應(yīng)正交遺傳算法的道路交叉口VISSIM模型參數(shù)標(biāo)定程序。 最后,將基于自適應(yīng)正交遺傳算法的參數(shù)標(biāo)定程序應(yīng)用到北京市榮華中路與榮京西街交叉口模型中,實(shí)現(xiàn)參數(shù)的自動(dòng)化標(biāo)定,獲取更能反映交叉口現(xiàn)狀的仿真參數(shù)和結(jié)果。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)的對(duì)比分析,說明自適應(yīng)正交遺傳算法的優(yōu)越性。
[Abstract]:As a powerful method to solve traffic problems, traffic simulation has been widely used in traffic engineering field. However, most of the software is developed according to the traffic conditions of the developing country, and it is not suitable for our country. It is necessary to calibrate the model parameters in order to express the simulation object accurately. In view of this phenomenon, the application of adaptive orthogonal genetic algorithm in the calibration of VISSIM model parameters at road intersection is studied in this paper. In this paper, the research status of parameter calibration of microscopic traffic simulation model is introduced briefly, and the selection and optimization methods of parameters calibration of microscopic traffic simulation model at home and abroad are reviewed and summarized. It also points out the practical significance of parameter calibration of micro simulation model in China. Secondly, taking the VISSIM model of road intersection as the background, the paper introduces the simulation model parameters from three aspects: the selection of evaluation index, the selection of calibration parameters and the identification of sensitive parameters. The calibration parameter set of the intersection model is determined by sensitivity analysis, which lays a foundation for the subsequent calibration work. Thirdly, aiming at the deficiency of traditional genetic algorithm, adaptive orthogonal genetic algorithm is introduced in this paper. The most important feature of this method is that the orthogonal design is used to improve the method of generating the initial population, so that the population is uniformly distributed in the solution space, and the adaptive algorithm is used to make the crossover operator self-adaptive. Then, based on the adaptive orthogonal genetic algorithm, the parameter calibration method of VISSIM model for road intersection is designed. The coding and decoding of chromosome, the fitness function and the design of adaptive orthogonal crossover operator in the optimization method are given in detail. With the help of COM interface and VB program language, the parameter calibration program of road intersection VISSIM model based on adaptive orthogonal genetic algorithm is completed. Finally, the parameter calibration program based on adaptive orthogonal genetic algorithm is applied to the intersection model of Rong Hua Middle Road and Rongjingxi Street in Beijing to realize the automatic calibration of the parameters and obtain the simulation parameters and results which can reflect the status quo of the intersection more effectively. The advantages of the adaptive orthogonal genetic algorithm (AGA) are proved by the comparative analysis of experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.23;TP18

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