【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的發(fā)展和科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,公路橋梁的建設(shè)無論是設(shè)計理念還是施工工藝都取得了輝煌成就,各種跨度巨大、造型優(yōu)美的橋梁拔地而起。盡管如此,在橋梁施工過程中,由于對橋梁的理解不夠深刻等原因,施工事故時有發(fā)生,給人民的生命財產(chǎn)安全帶來很大損失。近年來世界各地都發(fā)生了不同規(guī)模的地震,橋梁工程在震害中破壞慘重,特別是橋墩破壞所導(dǎo)致的后果更加嚴(yán)重。所以建造橋梁時有必要對橋梁施工階段的受力以及橋墩的抗震性能進(jìn)行計算分析,確保橋梁的建設(shè)能夠安全順利地進(jìn)行以及在地震來臨時不會發(fā)生破壞。正確選用鋼筋混凝土本構(gòu)關(guān)系模型對于提高工程結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)值分析精度十分關(guān)鍵。對橋墩所用鋼筋混凝土進(jìn)行試驗研究,確定與實際相符的非線性本構(gòu)關(guān)系模型用于橋墩施工階段和抗震性能有限元分析。采用與橋墩相同混凝土制作試件進(jìn)行加載試驗。應(yīng)用有限元分析軟件建立鋼筋混凝土試件的三維有限元分析模型,并分別基于不同非線性本構(gòu)關(guān)系模型對試驗過程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬。將試驗結(jié)果與數(shù)值分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,確定與試驗結(jié)果吻合程度最好的本構(gòu)關(guān)系模型并基于該本構(gòu)關(guān)系模型對橋墩進(jìn)行施工階段及Pushover抗震性能分析。進(jìn)行橋墩施工階段受力分析時,建立結(jié)構(gòu)的三維有限元模型,然后針對三個不利施工工況進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析并針對可能出現(xiàn)的問題提出可以采取的措施。進(jìn)行抗震性能分析時,在順橋方向和橫橋方向水平震度逐級增大直至結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生破壞,根據(jù)不同水平震度時結(jié)構(gòu)的受力狀態(tài)對橋墩的抗震性能進(jìn)行評價。研究表明基于擬選用本構(gòu)關(guān)系模型進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析所得結(jié)果與試驗結(jié)果吻合程度較好。橋墩在施工階段的不利工況作用下會出現(xiàn)開裂并向結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部延伸,施工過程中應(yīng)該根據(jù)工程實際采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧�。Pushover分析結(jié)果表明,橋墩橫橋方向抗震性能良好,順橋方向抗震性能不能滿足規(guī)范要求,應(yīng)該對結(jié)構(gòu)的配筋進(jìn)行調(diào)整以優(yōu)化其抗震性能。通過以上研究可以確保橋墩施工的安全順利進(jìn)行并能夠保證地震發(fā)生時不會導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的破壞,為我國今后類似工程的建設(shè)提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society and the progress of science and technology, the construction of highway bridges has made brilliant achievements in both design concept and construction technology. However, in the process of bridge construction, due to the lack of deep understanding of the bridge and other reasons, construction accidents occur from time to time, which brings great loss to the safety of people's lives and property. In recent years, different scale earthquakes have occurred all over the world, and the damage of bridge engineering is very serious, especially the damage of pier. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate and analyze the stress on the bridge during the construction stage and the seismic behavior of the pier, so as to ensure that the bridge construction can be carried out safely and smoothly and that there will be no damage when the earthquake comes. The correct selection of reinforced concrete constitutive relation model is very important to improve the accuracy of numerical analysis of engineering structures. The experimental study on reinforced concrete used in pier is carried out, and the nonlinear constitutive relation model is determined to be used in the finite element analysis of pier construction stage and seismic performance. The same concrete as the bridge pier is used to make the specimen for loading test. The 3D finite element analysis model of reinforced concrete specimens was established by using finite element analysis software, and the experimental process was numerically simulated based on different nonlinear constitutive relation models. By comparing the test results with the numerical analysis results, the constitutive relation model with the best agreement with the test results is determined. Based on the constitutive relation model, the seismic behavior of the pier during the construction phase and the Pushover is analyzed. The three-dimensional finite element model of the structure is established when the pier is subjected to force analysis in the construction stage. Then the numerical analysis is carried out in view of the three unfavorable construction conditions and the measures that can be taken to solve the possible problems are put forward. In seismic performance analysis, the seismic behavior of pier is evaluated according to the stress state of the structure in the direction of the bridge and the direction of the transverse bridge, which increases gradually until the damage of the structure occurs in the direction of the bridge and the direction of the horizontal bridge. The results of numerical analysis based on the proposed constitutive relation model are in good agreement with the experimental results. The pier will crack and extend inside the structure under the unfavorable working conditions in the construction stage. The appropriate measures should be taken according to the engineering practice during the construction. The results of Pushover analysis show that the aseismic performance of the bridge piers in the transverse direction is good. The seismic performance along the bridge direction can not meet the requirements of the code, so the reinforcement of the structure should be adjusted to optimize its seismic performance. The above research can ensure the safe and smooth construction of bridge piers and ensure that the earthquake will not lead to serious damage, and provide a reference for the construction of similar projects in China in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U441

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