【摘要】：斜拉橋索力監(jiān)測(cè)是施工監(jiān)控及健康監(jiān)測(cè)中必不可少的環(huán)節(jié)。采用無線傳感技術(shù)進(jìn)行斜拉橋索力監(jiān)測(cè)可以大大降低索力監(jiān)測(cè)成本和提高監(jiān)測(cè)效率。近年來傳感技術(shù)、無線通訊技術(shù)以及集成微電子機(jī)械系統(tǒng)（MEMS）等技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，促進(jìn)了無線傳感技術(shù)的應(yīng)用和推廣。目前基于無線傳感技術(shù)的索力監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)還不成熟，研究開發(fā)適用于斜拉橋結(jié)構(gòu)索力監(jiān)測(cè)的無線傳感器具有重要的科學(xué)意義和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 本文的主要工作包括： （1）闡述了斜拉橋索力監(jiān)測(cè)的研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展。鑒于索力有線監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備的局限性，進(jìn)一步闡述了無線傳感器和Zigbee無線通信協(xié)議的特點(diǎn)與應(yīng)用。 （2）闡述了索力監(jiān)測(cè)的理論基礎(chǔ)，包括信號(hào)處理理論、頻域分析理論和基于頻率法的索力測(cè)試原理；重點(diǎn)研究了拉索各階固有頻率的智能識(shí)別算法。 （3）索力監(jiān)測(cè)無線傳感器硬件設(shè)計(jì)與集成。根據(jù)硬件設(shè)計(jì)小型化、低功耗、低成本、高可靠性的原則，對(duì)相關(guān)電子元件進(jìn)行比較和選型。采用模塊化設(shè)計(jì)方法，對(duì)無線傳感器傳感模塊、微處理單元模塊、無線通信模塊和能量供應(yīng)模塊進(jìn)行硬件設(shè)計(jì)和調(diào)試。 （4）索力監(jiān)測(cè)無線傳感器軟件設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)索力監(jiān)測(cè)的功能需求及軟件設(shè)計(jì)原則，對(duì)索力監(jiān)測(cè)的前處理模塊、信號(hào)處理模塊、索力計(jì)算分析模塊和后處理模塊進(jìn)行軟件設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)，并詳細(xì)介紹了軟件工作流程與相應(yīng)的操作界面。 （5）索力監(jiān)測(cè)無線傳感器的實(shí)驗(yàn)室驗(yàn)證。在對(duì)實(shí)際斜拉橋結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行索力測(cè)試之前,在實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行了初步驗(yàn)證。通過簡(jiǎn)易懸臂梁模型頻率測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)，對(duì)無線傳感器的靈敏度、精度、抗噪能力等性能進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn)。 基于本文的探索研究，可研發(fā)基于Zigbee無線通信協(xié)議的索力監(jiān)測(cè)無線傳感器，，實(shí)現(xiàn)振動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)無線采集、拉索各階固有頻率智能識(shí)別以及頻率索力精確轉(zhuǎn)化的完整功能。該無線傳感器可降低索力監(jiān)測(cè)成本，提高索力監(jiān)測(cè)效率，為將來通過現(xiàn)代通信技術(shù)構(gòu)建無線化、實(shí)時(shí)化的結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)奠定重要基礎(chǔ)，為結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)的其他子系統(tǒng)提供了借鑒。
[Abstract]:Cable force monitoring of cable-stayed bridge is an essential link in construction monitoring and health monitoring. Using wireless sensing technology to monitor cable force of cable-stayed bridge can greatly reduce the cost of cable force monitoring and improve the monitoring efficiency. In recent years, the rapid development of sensing technology, wireless communication technology and integrated microelectro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology has promoted the application and popularization of wireless sensing technology. At present, the cable force monitoring system based on wireless sensing technology is not mature. It is of great scientific significance and application value to research and develop a wireless sensor suitable for cable-stayed bridge structure cable force monitoring. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the research status and development of cable force monitoring of cable-stayed bridges are described. In view of the limitation of cable monitoring equipment, the characteristics and application of wireless sensor and Zigbee wireless communication protocol are further expounded. (2) the theoretical basis of cable force monitoring is expounded, including signal processing theory, frequency domain analysis theory and cable force testing principle based on frequency method. (3) hardware design and integration of wireless sensor for cable force monitoring. According to the principle of miniaturization of hardware design, low power consumption, low cost and high reliability, the relative electronic components are compared and selected. The hardware design and debugging of wireless sensor module, micro-processing unit module, wireless communication module and energy supply module are carried out by using modular design method. (4) Design and implementation of wireless sensor software for cable force monitoring. According to the functional requirements of cable force monitoring and the principle of software design, the software design and implementation of pre-processing module, signal processing module, cable force calculation and analysis module and post-processing module of cable force monitoring are carried out. The software workflow and the corresponding operation interface are introduced in detail. (5) Laboratory verification of cable force monitoring wireless sensor. Prior to the cable force test of the actual cable-stayed bridge structure, preliminary verification was carried out in the laboratory. The sensitivity, accuracy and anti-noise ability of the wireless sensor are tested by the simple cantilever model frequency measurement experiment. Based on the research of this paper, the wireless sensor of cable force monitoring based on Zigbee wireless communication protocol can be developed to realize the complete function of wireless acquisition of vibration data, intelligent identification of natural frequency of every order of cable and accurate conversion of frequency cable force. The wireless sensor can reduce the cost of cable force monitoring, improve the efficiency of cable force monitoring, and lay an important foundation for the construction of wireless and real-time structural health monitoring system through modern communication technology in the future. It provides reference for other subsystems of structural health monitoring.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U448.27;U446

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