【摘要】：穩(wěn)定型懸索橋以普通懸索橋?yàn)榛拘问?在橋下方增加反向倒張結(jié)構(gòu)(含倒張索和拉桿)。從而使橋梁成為預(yù)張結(jié)構(gòu)。橋梁被相對(duì)進(jìn)行了“固化”,剛度也得到很大提高。然而不同載荷和作用位置時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)以下現(xiàn)象：(1)由于橋的受載后局部變形明顯的效應(yīng),倒拉桿會(huì)出現(xiàn)放松現(xiàn)象,軸力減小明顯,甚至出現(xiàn)零拉力或壓力的情形。這樣當(dāng)活載上橋后,倒拉桿有可能變?yōu)榱銞U,降低了預(yù)張的作用,懸索橋整體的穩(wěn)定性受到影響；(2)因初始設(shè)計(jì)張拉方式及橋的受載局部性,倒桿的桿力受力不均,差異較大。有的倒桿拉力過(guò)大,影響使用壽命及安全性,而有的倒桿拉力過(guò)小,不起什么作用。懸索橋整體剛度受到影響；(3)由于橋是預(yù)張結(jié)構(gòu),受載后任何一個(gè)構(gòu)件受力發(fā)生改變都會(huì)引起各構(gòu)件應(yīng)力的重新分配,張拉狀態(tài)發(fā)生改變。 因此需要尋找一種既能保證橋載荷轉(zhuǎn)移功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)確保橋的剛度又能使各構(gòu)件受力合理的張拉狀態(tài)。這就需要對(duì)穩(wěn)定性懸索橋張拉方案進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,找到較優(yōu)的張拉方案。 針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及成果： (1)系統(tǒng)梳理與闡述了用于穩(wěn)定型懸索橋的非線性有限元理論,掌握了相關(guān)的Fortran程序。 (2)根據(jù)穩(wěn)定型懸索橋預(yù)張結(jié)構(gòu)中構(gòu)件受力狀態(tài)改變影響整體分布特性的狀況,提出了通過(guò)調(diào)整倒拉桿長(zhǎng)度、并在各種載荷工況下進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,再行調(diào)整的張拉優(yōu)化準(zhǔn)則及優(yōu)化方案。 (3)應(yīng)用穩(wěn)定型懸索橋索、桿、梁的組合結(jié)構(gòu)有限元計(jì)算程序,按設(shè)計(jì)的優(yōu)化方案對(duì)某穩(wěn)定型懸索橋的結(jié)構(gòu)成形進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化計(jì)算。對(duì)比分析了優(yōu)化前后的橋形態(tài),倒桿受力,主纜、倒纜受力,吊桿拉力等�？偨Y(jié)了倒索的合理張拉線型。研究結(jié)果顯示優(yōu)化方法是正確的,優(yōu)化達(dá)到了預(yù)期,為橋設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。 (4)將智能控制方法引入穩(wěn)定型懸索橋力學(xué)性能維持控制中。制定了維持橋力學(xué)性能的智能化控制系統(tǒng)的實(shí)施方案,在大量計(jì)算對(duì)比基礎(chǔ)上提出了維持橋性能的應(yīng)變準(zhǔn)則。對(duì)作動(dòng)器,控制器,傳感器等進(jìn)行了選擇,形成智能控制系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:The stable suspension bridge takes the ordinary suspension bridge as the basic form and adds the reverse inverted tension structure (including the inverted tension cable and the pull rod) to the bottom of the bridge. Thus the bridge becomes pretensioned structure. The bridge was relatively "solidified" and its stiffness was greatly improved. However, the following phenomena will occur at different loads and action positions: (1) due to the obvious local deformation effect after the bridge is loaded, the reverse pull rod will be relaxed, the axial force will decrease obviously, and even the situation of zero tension or pressure will occur. Thus, when the live load is mounted on the bridge, the inverted tension bar may become zero bar, which reduces the pretension effect, and the overall stability of the suspension bridge is affected. (2) because of the initial design tension mode and the bearing locality of the bridge, the force of the inverted rod is uneven and the difference is great. Some reverse rod tension is too large, affecting service life and safety, while some reverse rod tension is too small to play a role. The whole stiffness of suspension bridge is affected. (3) because the bridge is a pretension structure, the stress of each member will be redistributed and the tension state will be changed when any member is subjected to load. Therefore, it is necessary to find a kind of tension state which can not only guarantee the load transfer function of the bridge, but also ensure the stiffness of the bridge and the force of each member. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the tensioning scheme of the stable suspension bridge and find a better tensioning scheme. In view of the above problems, the main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) the nonlinear finite element theory for stable suspension bridges is systematically combed and expounded, and the relevant Fortran program is mastered. (2) according to the condition that the change of the stress state of the members in the pretension structure of the stable suspension bridge affects the overall distribution characteristics, it is put forward that the length of the inverted tension rod is adjusted and verified under various load conditions. To adjust the tensioning optimization criteria and optimization scheme. (3) based on the finite element program of cable, bar and beam of stable suspension bridge, the structural forming of a stable suspension bridge is optimized according to the design optimization scheme. The shape of the bridge before and after optimization, the force of the inverted rod, the force of the main cable, the force of the inverted cable and the tension of the suspender are compared and analyzed. The reasonable tension line of the inverted cable is summarized. The results show that the optimization method is correct and the optimization meets the expectations, which provides a reference for bridge design. (4) the intelligent control method is introduced into the mechanical performance maintenance control of the stable suspension bridge. The implementation scheme of intelligent control system for maintaining the mechanical properties of the bridge is established, and the strain criterion for maintaining the performance of the bridge is put forward on the basis of a large number of calculations and comparisons. The actuators, controllers and sensors are selected to form an intelligent control system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U448.25

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