【摘要】：瀝青路面的預防性養(yǎng)護指的是在瀝青路面還沒有出現(xiàn)較大病害之前在合適的時機對路面運用恰當?shù)姆椒ㄟM行養(yǎng)護，采用封層材料對路面進行預防性養(yǎng)護在世界范圍內廣泛興起。有機硅材料由于其主鏈無機鍵能高達425kJ/mol，側鏈為有機烷基均勻排列，而具有良好的防水性能和耐候性。因此本文選取了四種有機硅材料研究他們路用性能的差異，并確定了最適宜路面養(yǎng)護的有機硅材料。此外，本文還將這種材料與市場上主要的功能性預防性養(yǎng)護材料做對比，分析了有機硅材料與這些材料的養(yǎng)護效果差異。 首先，文中通過凍融循環(huán)、滲水系數(shù)、接觸角及粘附功試驗分析了四種有機硅預防性養(yǎng)護材料的防水性能。結果表明：經過四種有機硅材料處理的瀝青混合料防水性能明顯優(yōu)于未經處理的。其主要防水機理有兩點：首先，有機硅材料通過滲透作用，進入到瀝青混合料的空隙中，固化成膜后，形成網狀結構抑制水分進入混合料內部；其次，水分在有機硅材料表面的接觸角較大、粘附功較低，在有機硅材料表面很難鋪展，流動水幾乎不會在材料表面滯留。通過對瀝青混合料防水性能的進一步分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，，丙基硅/辛基硅共聚乳液和丙基硅/辛基硅和納米二氧化硅共聚乳液的防水性能明顯優(yōu)于低聚甲基硅樹脂原液及其乳液，其主要原因在于其碳鏈較長，疏水性能較好。 第二，通過動態(tài)剪切流變儀器和紅外光譜測試四種材料處理后的瀝青膠結料紫外老化前后的性能，來研究四種材料的耐紫外老化性能。結果表明：經過丙基硅/辛基硅共聚乳液與其與納米二氧化硅的共混液處理后的瀝青膠結料在紫外老化以后，粘度較低，低溫復合模量小，極限疲勞溫度較低，相位角較大，低溫應力松弛性能較好，羰基老化因子較小。說明這兩種材料能更好地降低紫外線對瀝青混合料的老化影響。 第三，上述結論表明丙基硅/辛基硅共混乳液與其與納米二氧化硅的共混液的防水性能和耐紫外老化性能明顯優(yōu)于另外兩種材料。此外，根據成本分析，丙基硅/辛基硅共聚乳液價格為其與納米二氧化硅共混液的1.86倍，且兩種優(yōu)選材料的防水性能和耐紫外老化性能相差很小，因此本文將成本和性能都較為優(yōu)越的丙基硅/辛基硅乳液與納米二氧化硅共混液作為四種材料中最適宜路面養(yǎng)護的預防性養(yǎng)護材料。 最后，將丙基硅/辛基硅乳液與納米二氧化硅共混液與市面上應用較為廣泛的溶劑型材料Rjseal和水性材料CAP的路用性能做了對比。發(fā)現(xiàn)這三種材料均能將瀝青混合料的滲水系數(shù)降至50ml/min以下；通過浸水車轍試驗發(fā)現(xiàn)有機硅材料對瀝青混合料抗水損害能力的提高更大；通過抗油污試驗發(fā)現(xiàn)有機硅材料抗油污效果更好；通過耐紫外老化試驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，有機硅乳液材料處理的瀝青膠結料耐紫外老化能力最強，要得益于有機硅材料主鏈上Si-O鍵鍵能較大，化學性能穩(wěn)定，而其他兩種材料在對瀝青再生的過程中，會導致瀝青膠結料耐老化能力的下降，在進行再次老化之后，瀝青膠結料的低溫性能會迅速下降；瀝青混合料的三點彎曲和間接拉伸疲勞試驗，也顯示有機硅乳液材料的耐紫外老化能力最佳，能降低紫外線對混合料的低溫疲勞及抗裂性能的影響；最后，通過抗滑能力測試發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用三種材料以350g/m2的用量對瀝青混合料進行養(yǎng)護，瀝青混合料的抗滑能力變化很小。
[Abstract]:Preventive maintenance of asphalt pavement refers to the use of appropriate methods to maintain the pavement at the right time before the asphalt pavement has not been seriously damaged. Preventive maintenance of asphalt pavement using sealing materials has been widely springing up all over the world. In this paper, four kinds of silicone materials are selected to study their differences in road performance and determine the most suitable silicone materials for pavement maintenance. In addition, this material is compared with the main functional preventive maintenance materials on the market, and the results are analyzed. The difference between curing effect of silicon material and these materials is different.
Firstly, the waterproofing performance of four silicone preventive curing materials is analyzed by freeze-thaw cycle, water permeability coefficient, contact angle and adhesion work test. The results show that the waterproofing performance of asphalt mixture treated with four silicone materials is obviously better than that of untreated asphalt mixture. After curing, the network structure is formed to inhibit moisture from entering the mixture. Secondly, the contact angle of moisture on the surface of organic silicon material is large, the adhesion work is low, it is difficult to spread on the surface of organic silicon material, and the flowing water will hardly stay on the surface of the material. Further analysis of the waterproof performance showed that the waterproofing properties of the copolymer emulsion of propyl silicon / octyl silicon and propyl silicon / octyl silicon and nano silica copolymer were obviously better than that of the oligomeric silicone resin emulsion and its emulsion, mainly due to its long carbon chain and good hydrophobicity.
Second, through the dynamic shear rheometer and infrared spectrum, the properties of the four kinds of materials treated by UV aging before and after treatment of the four materials were tested to study the ultraviolet aging resistance of the four materials. After aging, the viscosity is low, the modulus of low temperature composite is small, the ultimate fatigue temperature is low, the phase angle is large, the low temperature stress relaxation performance is good, and the carbonyl aging factor is small.
Third, the above conclusion shows that the waterborne and UV aging properties of the propylsiloxane / octyl silicone blend emulsion and its nano silica blend are significantly better than those of the other two materials. In addition, according to the cost analysis, the price of the propylsiloxane / octyl silicone copolymer emulsion is 1.86 times that of the nano two silicon oxy silicone blend, and two kinds of preferred materials. The difference between waterproofing property and UV aging property is very small. Therefore, the polypropylene / silicon octyl silicone emulsion and nano silica blend with better cost and performance are the most suitable preventive maintenance materials for pavement maintenance in the four materials.
Finally, the road performance of propyl silicon / octyl silicone emulsion and nano silica blend is compared with that of the widely used solvent based materials Rjseal and water-based material CAP on the market. It is found that these three kinds of materials can reduce the permeability coefficient of asphalt mixture to less than 50ml/min. The resistance to water damage of the mixture was increased. The oil stain test showed that the silicone material had better anti oil effect. Through UV aging test, it was found that the asphalt cement with silicone emulsion material had the strongest UV aging resistance, and the Si-O bond of the main chain of the silicone material could be stronger and the chemical performance was stable. The other two kinds of materials will decrease the aging resistance of asphalt binder during the process of asphalt regeneration. After re aging, the low temperature properties of asphalt binder will decline rapidly. The three point bending and indirect tensile fatigue tests of asphalt mixture also show that the organic silicon emulsion material has the best UV aging resistance and can drop. The effect of low ultraviolet radiation on the low temperature fatigue and crack resistance of asphalt mixture was studied. Finally, the anti-skid ability of asphalt mixture cured with three kinds of materials at the dosage of 350g/m2 had little change.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U416.217;U418.6

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