【摘要】：大型基礎(chǔ)工程在發(fā)揮巨大社會經(jīng)濟效益的同時，面臨的風險問題越來越受到政府和公眾的廣泛關(guān)注。由于其規(guī)模大、施工復雜的特點，常常需要面對很多難以預(yù)測的風險。像高速公路立交橋這樣的大型施工工程不可避免的會經(jīng)常發(fā)生嚴重的事故，，因此對于其施工過程中的風險識別與評估就顯得尤為重要。高速公路立交橋在施工過程中由于風險源和施工內(nèi)容的多樣性以及需要在同一時間對不同區(qū)域的施工同時管理等問題，使其在施工階段中的風險管理較為困難。也常使管理者對于此類施工管理疲于應(yīng)對。 本文結(jié)合高速公路立交橋施工風險的特點，從環(huán)境、人員、橋梁施工技術(shù)等六方面分析立交橋的施工風險。然后對立交橋施工階段每個環(huán)節(jié)中事故和隱患進行識別研究。將立交橋施工階段風險的識別過程、依據(jù)和方法進行類比、分析、得出立立交橋施工中出現(xiàn)的風險因素。然后對立交橋施工風險評估的方法和程序進行介紹。同時分析了目前存在的幾種風險評估方法。本文主要采用層次分析法對邢衡高速公路棗園互通中的立交橋施工項目進行了風險評估，確定施工階段的風險事件的風險等級和權(quán)重，又因為常權(quán)保持不變而往往不能反映短板效應(yīng)導致評估結(jié)果不科學的問題，對其權(quán)重進行變權(quán)處理，最終得到各風險事件合理的權(quán)重，突出重大風險事件。 論文以風險分析的過程為主線，通過運用層次分析法對立交橋施工過程進行風險分析，為風險管理著提供依據(jù)。在風險評估模型和程序的基礎(chǔ)上，給出了立交橋施工風險的評價和接受準則。根據(jù)風險可能發(fā)生的概率，對施工風險進行了定性和定量的估計。在實際的工程項目上應(yīng)用立交橋施工風險識別和評估的方法，最終初步得出了運用在此類施工過程中的風險評估體系。
[Abstract]:At the same time, the risk of large-scale infrastructure project is paid more and more attention by the government and the public. Because of its large scale and complex construction, it often faces a lot of unpredictable risks. It is inevitable that serious accidents will occur in large construction projects such as expressway overpasses, so it is very important to identify and evaluate the risks in the construction process. Due to the diversity of risk sources and construction contents and the need to manage the construction of different areas at the same time, it is difficult to manage the risk in the construction stage of expressway overpass. It also often causes managers to cope with such construction management. Based on the characteristics of construction risk of expressway overpass, this paper analyzes the construction risk of overpass from six aspects, such as environment, personnel and bridge construction technology. Then the identification of accidents and hidden dangers in each link in the construction stage of the overpass is studied. The identification process of the risk in the construction stage of the overpass is analyzed and the risk factors appearing in the construction of the overpass are obtained by means of analogy and analysis. Then the method and procedure of risk assessment of overpass construction are introduced. At the same time, several existing risk assessment methods are analyzed. This paper mainly adopts AHP to evaluate the risk of the construction project of the interchange bridge in Zaoyuan Interchange of Xingheng Expressway, and determines the risk grade and weight of the risk event in the construction stage. Because the constant weight remains constant and often can not reflect the short-board effect, the evaluation result is not scientific. The weight of the constant weight is changed to get the reasonable weight of each risk event and highlight the important risk event. Taking the process of risk analysis as the main line, the paper analyzes the risk of the construction process of the overpass by using the analytic hierarchy process, and provides the basis for the risk management. Based on the risk assessment model and procedure, the evaluation and acceptance criteria of the construction risk of the overpass are given. According to the probability of risk, the construction risk is estimated qualitatively and quantitatively. The method of risk identification and evaluation of overpass construction is applied to practical engineering projects, and finally the risk assessment system applied in this kind of construction process is preliminarily obtained.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U445.1

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