【摘要】：伴隨著科技的進(jìn)步和汽車工業(yè)的深入發(fā)展，社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力水平顯著提高，汽車逐漸成了人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畈豢苫蛉钡慕煌üぞ�。汽車的增多帶來了諸多的社會(huì)問題，其中非常突出的一個(gè)問題就是土地資源的短缺和汽車數(shù)量的快速增加之間的矛盾越來越嚴(yán)重，停車難的問題日益凸顯，立體車庫在這種環(huán)境下應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。建立立體車庫是解決城市停車難問題的有效措施。根據(jù)市場(chǎng)需求規(guī)模的不同，立體車庫需要實(shí)現(xiàn)多元化，滿足不同層次用戶的需求，因此深入研究立體車庫，設(shè)計(jì)出硬件可靠、控制系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定、人機(jī)交互界面友好、存取車方便的立體車庫是一項(xiàng)非常有意義的工作。 本文在分析了立體車庫結(jié)構(gòu)框架和運(yùn)行方式的基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)計(jì)了基于西門子觸摸屏和PLC的立體車庫控制系統(tǒng)。該控制系統(tǒng)充分應(yīng)用了PLC的穩(wěn)定可靠、觸摸屏友好靈活以及兩者具有良好兼容性的特點(diǎn)。整個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)以PLC為核心控制設(shè)備，控制車庫的正常運(yùn)作，建立了PROFIBUS-DP現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以S7-300系列PLC的CPU315-2DP作為通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的主站，觸摸屏MP270B、變頻器MM440和分布式輸入輸出設(shè)備ET200M作為通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的從站。系統(tǒng)以觸摸屏作為人機(jī)交互界面，在車主的操作下完成存取車過程，實(shí)時(shí)更新顯示車庫狀態(tài)；通過變頻器實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)，控制立體車庫中載車板升降的速度；車庫中輸入量和輸出量連接在分布式輸入輸出設(shè)備ET200M上，，將采集到的車庫狀態(tài)信號(hào)和需要發(fā)送的控制指令通過現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線完成和CPU的信息交換。PLC通過擴(kuò)展模塊CP341實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)車庫電子換向機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行控制，根據(jù)需要將電機(jī)的動(dòng)力傳遞到目標(biāo)載車單元的升降設(shè)備上。 PLC系統(tǒng)硬件網(wǎng)絡(luò)的組態(tài)、用戶程序塊的編寫和系統(tǒng)程序塊的調(diào)用在西門子編程軟件STEP7中進(jìn)行。在硬件組態(tài)的過程中，設(shè)置總線和DP主從站的參數(shù)，包括各設(shè)備的站地址，總線通信協(xié)議和輸入輸出設(shè)備的地址。同時(shí)本文對(duì)PLC通過DP總線控制變頻器和PLC的PtP通信程序進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)。人機(jī)交互界面的觸摸屏程序設(shè)計(jì)通過WinCC flexible軟件完成，設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容包括觸摸屏和PLC的連接、畫面、連接變量等。 本文對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的立體車庫控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了仿真調(diào)試，然后再進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)物調(diào)試。系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)合理、人機(jī)交互界面友好、存取車效率較高、系統(tǒng)可靠性良好，具有一定的應(yīng)用推廣價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:With the progress of science and technology and the further development of automobile industry, the level of social productivity has improved significantly, and automobile has gradually become an indispensable vehicle for people's daily life. The increasing number of cars has brought many social problems, one of which is a very prominent problem is the shortage of land resources and the rapid increase in the number of cars more and more serious contradiction, parking difficulties become increasingly prominent. Three-dimensional garage emerges as the times require under this kind of environment. The establishment of three-dimensional garage is an effective measure to solve the problem of parking difficulties in urban areas. According to the different scale of market demand, the three-dimensional garage needs to be diversified to meet the needs of different levels of users. Therefore, the solid garage is deeply studied, the hardware is reliable, the control system is stable, and the man-machine interface is friendly. Easy access car parking is a very meaningful job. Based on the analysis of the structure and operation mode of the stereoscopic garage, a 3D garage control system based on Siemens touch screen and PLC is designed in this paper. The control system makes full use of the stability and reliability of PLC, friendly and flexible touch screen and good compatibility. The whole control system takes PLC as the core control equipment, controls the normal operation of the garage, establishes the PROFIBUS-DP fieldbus communication network, and takes the S7-300 series PLC CPU315-2DP as the main station of the communication network. Touch screen MP270B, frequency converter MM440 and distributed input and output device ET200M serve as slave station of communication network. The system takes the touch screen as the man-machine interface, completes the process of accessing the vehicle under the operation of the vehicle owner, updates and displays the state of the garage in real time, and adjusts the speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor through the frequency converter. The input quantity and output quantity in the garage are connected to the distributed input and output device ET200M. The collection of garage status signals and the control instructions needed to be sent are completed through the field bus and the information exchange of CPU. CP341 is extended to realize the control of the garage electronic reversing mechanism. According to the need to transfer the power of the motor to the lifting equipment of the target vehicle carrying unit. The configuration of the hardware network of the PLC system, the compilation of the user program block and the call of the system program block are carried out in the Siemens programming software STEP7. In the process of hardware configuration, the parameters of bus and DP master and slave station are set, including the station address of each device, the bus communication protocol and the address of input and output device. At the same time, the PtP communication program of PLC and PLC controlled by DP bus is designed in detail. The touch screen program of man-machine interface is designed by WinCC flexible software. The design includes the connection between touch screen and PLC, screen, connection variables and so on. In this paper, the design of the three-dimensional garage control system simulation debugging, and then the laboratory physical debugging. The system has reasonable design structure, friendly man-machine interface, high efficiency of access vehicle, good reliability of the system, and has certain application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.71;TP273

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